Causes and contributing factors lactocele

Because of hormonal changes in women may receive breast cyst. Hormonal dysfunctions reasons not fully understood, nevertheless it is known that it takes place under the influence of several factors. These factors (known predisposing) and are the true cause of breast cysts.

What is a breast cyst

Human mammary gland consists of glandular and fatty tissue as well as from the ducts, which misses generated in the cells of the glandular tissue of human milk. Breast ducts merge with each other and opening in the nipple.

Cysts - this advanced breast ducts, sealed on both Stora and coated capsule. Content cysts - can be very thin or thick, slimy, gelatinous. Color can also be different - from colorless to brown. It depends on the composition of the contents. For example, if there is an impurity content of blood, it will have various shades of brown. Such cysts are hormone-dependent diseases. And can be (not too often) the cause of breast cancer.

But there are also hormonal cysts that are fatty in nature. Fatty cysts are formed due to blockage of the sebaceous glands of the skin. Fatty cysts are never the cause of breast cancer.

Cyst of breast cancer, the causes - hormonal failure

Sometimes a woman's body are hormonal disruptions and ovaries begin to secrete too much of the female sex hormones estrogen. It holds to the fact that under the influence of estrogen occurs prolonged proliferation (growth of tissue) of the breast ductal epithelium and swelling of her tissue. These processes contribute to clogged ducts and some cyst formation.

In fact, cysts - is one of the elements of fibrocystic breast. If the process of the disease is diffuse (evenly distributed in both breasts), then a lot of small cysts in both breasts. Nodal mastopathy Breast - the mirror Women's Health   - Is the formation of one or more major components.

Factors predisposing to the development of breast cysts

Hormonal system of women is governed by the central nervous system and is actually nejrogumoralnoj. Any impact on the system may cause a malfunction in its work. Particularly sensitive neurohormonal system with various psycho-emotional stress. It can be a long high intellectual load at work or while studying, constant emotional stress, sudden severe stress and so on.

This blow to the neuroendocrine system is applied to abortion. It can cause abortions lengthy disruptions leading to disruption ovarian secretion of large amounts of estrogens and cyst formation in mammary glands.

The formation of estrogens in the female body increases with the mass of tera, peaking in obesity. The fact that the adipose tissue cells to produce estrogen, so the chances of development of overweight women hormone-dependent diseases (including breast cysts) increases significantly. Hormonal disorders Hormonal disorders - oversupply and a lack of equally dangerous   can cause an unhealthy diet - it is a metabolic disorder Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things And it also affects the state of the neuroendocrine system.

The work of other endocrine glands may also affect the condition of the breast, most often such violations occur in diseases of the thyroid gland The thyroid gland - is responsible for your hormones .

Stimulates the production of estrogen ultraviolet rays (so women are advised not to sunbathe without swimsuits), any thermal procedures.

Any trauma, surgery in the breast multiply the risk of various tumors. The breast tissue is very delicate and responds to any physical impact. As a result of the feedback of the breast with various units of the neuroendocrine system are hormonal disorders.

Predisposing factors for the development of cysts may also be long-term (more than five years in a row), use of oral contraceptives.

As revealed lactocele

During the examination, the doctor can be found only a large cyst. If a woman makes certain complaints (eg pain in the breast before the menses), she performed a full examination, which includes X-ray and ultrasound (ultrasound, mammography). If necessary, under ultrasound is performed needle aspiration biopsy - the contents of the cyst is taken for analysis in cytological laboratory.

Cyst of breast cancer should be promptly detected and treated. Therefore, at the first sign of trouble you need to consult a doctor-mammologu.

Pituitary hormone prolactin and its role in the regulation of various body functions

Prolactin - a hormone that is produced by the pituitary gland (the main endocrine gland located in the brain), and has a broad spectrum of biological activity. The chemical structure prolactin is a protein.

Prolactin stimulates growth and development of the mammary glands, increased number of lobes and ducts therein, production, secretion and maturation of colostrum, colostrum transformation in mature milk, growth and function of the sebaceous glands, growth of the internal organs. Prolactin regulates the processes of childbirth, stimulates the manifestation of the maternal instinct. In men, prolactin stimulates growth of the prostate and seminal vesicles.

Prolactin inhibits the maturation of the egg in the ovary, delaying the secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), which contributes to the process, extend the existence of the corpus luteum and release of progesterone, estrogen reduces the secretion of ovarian follicles, thus decelerating ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   and the advent of a new pregnancy during lactation Breast-feeding: feed - and no nails!   child.

Prolactin also has oncogenic effect, causing the development of tumors.

What affects the production of prolactin

Lactotropic function of the pituitary gland (the production and release of breast milk) is controlled by the Department of the brain called the hypothalamus. Hypothalamus constantly inhibits the function primarily through the neurotransmitter (substance with which the excitation is transmitted to the nerve cells) dopamine. Activation of prolactin occurs after birth with another substance secreted by the hypothalamus - thyrotropin.

The direct stimulating effect on the secretion of pituitary prolactin have a female sex hormone estrogen, which also delayed the production in the hypothalamus of substances that prevent the development of prolactin. Increased secretion of prolactin also cause stress factors, alcohol, drugs and medicines, have a stimulating effect on the psyche, sexual intercourse, irritation of the cervix and nerve endings in the breast nipple. Prolactin increases during pregnancy and breast-feeding the child. In pregnancy, increasing the level of estrogen that causes the increase in the concentration of prolactin lactation but not due to the large number of female sex hormone progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology , Retarding the process. Progesterone drops sharply after birth, helping the beginning of lactation.

Active prolactin begins when the child was first put to the breast, it starts to irritate the nipple, on which there are receptors that send signals to the hypothalamus via the spinal cord. The hypothalamus receives a signal, begins the selection of biologically active substances that stimulate prolactin and inhibiting dopamine release. Under the influence of prolactin lactation begins.

Prolactin secretion is reduced when taking drugs that block the production of estrogen and dopamine. The slight decrease of prolactin secretion occurs while taking thyroid hormone Thyroid hormones: mechanism of action and physiological effects And corticosteroids.

Violation of prolactin

Violation of prolactin by the pituitary gland is expressed in an uncontrolled increase or decrease in the formation of prolactin. Increased secretion of prolactin (gipergalaktiya) leads to spontaneous expiration of milk from the nipple (galaktoree). Sometimes elevated prolactin associated with pituitary tumors producing prolactin, as well as disorders of the hypothalamus, decreased thyroid function, ovarian, liver, and kidneys. At elevated prolactin female menstrual cycle is disrupted, leading to infertility, decreased sexual drive, increased breast size, they develop cysts and breast, which are pre-cancerous diseases.

Insufficient secretion of prolactin (hypogalactia) causes underdevelopment of the breast and the violation of their functions. Such a condition occurs when the functional impairment of the pituitary gland, which may occur after heavy blood loss during childbirth, when perenashivanie pregnancy (decreases the amount of estrogen in the blood, and thus the production of prolactin), while taking certain medications (eg, anticonvulsants, estrogens, and others.) . For the treatment used hypogalactia prolactin isolated from the pituitary glands of cattle and pigs. The drug enhances lactation in the postpartum period.

Prolactin - vital pituitary hormone whose action on the body is not yet fully understood.

Galina Romanenko