Causes painful menstruation

The various menstrual disorders are fairly common. Including often (especially in adolescence) found painful periods. In order to reduce their pain, first of all, you need to know why they occur, that is to conduct a full examination, which may well reveal any abnormalities in the genital area. The sooner these disorders are identified and treated, the woman will be more opportunities over time to become a mother.

Types of painful menstruation

Painful periods or algomenorrhea - a violation of the month, expressed in sharp cramping or aching pain in the abdomen Abdominal pain: when to sound the alarm? In the lumbar and sacral area radiating to the thigh. Often, these pains are accompanied by general malaise, headache, feeling of weakness, sleep disturbances Dreams: how to understand our dreams , Nausea, sometimes vomiting, constipation or diarrhea.

The normal menstrual period is often accompanied by transient abdominal pain. But algodismenoree pain so intense that often forces women to go to bed. Signs of this condition can appear 1-2 days, and a week before menstruation and last from several days to a week.

What causes primary algomenorrhea

Primary algomenorrhea observed in healthy women and girls in the absence of them (after the test) any changes in the reproductive system. This condition is usually associated with functional disorders in various organs and systems (endocrine, immune, nervous, exchange). In addition, primary algomenorrhea may be associated with an anomaly situation, small size and malformations of the uterus, resulting in the emergence of mechanical obstacles to the outflow of menstrual blood. Blood collects in the uterus that begins to decline more active, which leads to the appearance of pain. This condition can also occur when there is insufficient elasticity of the muscles of the uterus or short and poorly sprawling sacro-uterine ligaments.

All these factors cause the disorder of blood circulation in the uterus and reducing it painful muscles. Sometimes primary algomenorrhea violation occurs when the tone of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS - provides innervation of internal organs, including sex, in the operating mode). Algomenorrhea This is usually accompanied by excessive sweating, salivation, constipation.

By the special form of the primary concerns algodismenorei membranous when sprawling layer of the uterine lining (endometrium) during menstruation does not break, and rejected as a whole, in the form of a big ear, which is accompanied by severe pain. This is explained by the lack of female hormones estrogen or proteolytic enzymes by which endometrium partially dissolves and leaves the normal uterine cavity in small portions.

The intensity of pain in primary education algodismenoree explained by insufficient internal opiates, which normally block the pain receptors. In addition, in violation of the right balance between the sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone) endometrial cancer produces large amounts of prostaglandins, which enhance the painful uterine contractions.

Causes secondary algodismenorei

Secondary algomenorrhea more common childbearing age and is associated with a variety of gynecological diseases - inflammatory processes, tumors, scars in the uterus, and so on. Very often it occurs against the backdrop of endometriosis Endometriosis - a serious problem with serious consequences   - Proliferation of mucosal tissue inside her uterus muscle layer.

The pain can occur as a result of violations of metabolic processes in the tissues, tone muscles and ligaments, compression of nerves and blood vessels. The immediate cause of its occurrence may also develop endometrial cancer large number of prostaglandins.

Signs algodismenorei

In primary algodismenoree regular pains come after a normal menstrual cycle is established, it usually occurs in 1-2 years after menarche (first menstrual period). This gives rise to acute pain, convulsive character in the lower abdomen, extending to the area of ​​the spine and hips. To join pain often malaise, headache, irritability, weakness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. They continue such pain usually throughout menstruation.

In secondary algodismenoree (except for endometriosis and uterine fibroids) pain is usually dull, nagging. There are usually two years or more after menarche, often - after previous inflammatory diseases of female sexual sphere.

Treatment algodismenorei

Algodismenorei Treatment depends on its causes, and general changes in the body. It should be comprehensive, and to take into account the individual neuro-psychological condition of the woman.

Be sure to prescribe drugs that normalize metabolic processes in the body (vitamins C, E). To reduce spasms for a few days before menstruation (but not during the bleeding!) Applied to the abdomen warm heating pad prescribed antispasmodics (eg, papaverine Papaverine - for pain caused by spasms of smooth muscles   rectal suppositories), sedatives. In the event of some kind of hormonal imbalance is assigned to hormone therapy. Of great importance is the healthy way of life in the interictal period: moderate exercise, a physical activity, proper rest and sleep.

Treatment of secondary algodismenorei - is, above all, the treatment of the underlying disease that caused it.

Galina Romanenko

Teenage daughter became irritable, bad learner educational material, complains of nightmares, she had no appetite, and so on. Who are the mothers faced with similar? In most cases, without further ado, my mother explain these features critical days, not trying to figure out the details. Only a sudden fainting daughter raises questions about its causes and results in a heart to heart conversation, in which it appears that the child long-spotting, and said she was afraid of it.

Juvenile pubertal or bleeding - uterine bleeding is occurring in the period of the menstrual cycle (12-18 years), which lasts more than seven days. Juvenile bleeding are the most common gynecological diseases during puberty Puberty child - stages of a complex path , The frequency of up to 10%.

The causes of juvenile bleeding

• Chronic and acute infectious diseases (tonsillitis, flu, rheumatic fever, pneumonia), they certainly infectious and toxic effects on the pituitary gland and hypothalamus (these organs are involved in the formation of menstrual function)
• Trauma, stress (eg, exams), sleep disturbances Dreams: how to understand our dreams , Overwork
• Increased physical activity
• Improper and irregular meals (such as lack of protein, carbohydrates and fats, and their oversupply)
• Hypovitaminosis (especially in winter and spring)
• Gynecological diseases (genital tumors, malformations, infantilism)
• Somatic disease (hypothyroidism, cardiovascular, urinary, neuroendocrine systems). For example, glomerulonephritis, obesity, heart defects
• Diseases of the blood clotting violation

Clinical manifestations

The clinical picture consists of the nature of bleeding, and the patient anemizatsii. The most typical menstrual bleeding after a delay of 6-8 weeks, but may occur and after 14-16 days after the start of previous bleeding. Acyclic bleeding may start with a period of menarche, usually within two years after the first menstruation, against transient cycle. Bleeding can occur suddenly and be massive, and can last for a very long time and to be insignificant. In any case, it leads to bleeding juvenile anemia. The patient's condition is dependent on the extent and severity of hemorrhage. Anemizatsii leads to weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, headache, altered mental status, paleness of the skin and mucous membranes, tachycardia. For severe anemia (hemoglobin less than 80) is characterized by fainting, bleeding disorders, which further aggravates the bleeding.

Diagnostics

• Examined by a doctor or a specialist in order to avoid detection of infectious and somatic diseases
• Gynecological examination through the rectum when emptying the bladder and colon. N.B! Many mothers forget to warn her daughter.
• General blood test to detect the number of red blood cells and platelets
• Hormonal Examination
• Pelvic ultrasound
• If necessary, additional instrumental and laboratory tests

Treatment of juvenile bleeding

Treatment pubertal bleeding should be performed in a hospital and involves three steps:

• hemostasis (cessation of bleeding) and filling volume of blood loss;
• protivoanemicheskim therapy;
• prevention of recurrence (return) bleeding.

The choice of method depends on the severity of hemostasis condition of the patient. Surgical hemostasis (curettage) is carried out at a massive bleeding and severe anemia. Subsequently mandatory histological study scraping. If the condition of the girl moderate or satisfactory use hormonal hemostasis in conjunction with symptomatic (hemostatic, reducing agent). For hormonal control bleeding are usually used combined oral contraceptives. The amount of hormone pills may be up to 10 per day, and after the bleeding stops dose is gradually reduced (reducing daily per tablet). For the treatment of anemia drugs used iron, B vitamins and ascorbic acid. Equally important are full and high-calorie diet, drinking plenty of fluids and rest.

Prevention of relapse

Prevention of rebleeding is aimed at the formation of a regular menstrual cycle. Appointed by the combined estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health -gestagennye drugs for at least six months. Good effect have acupuncture Acupuncture - the ancient traditions in the service of modern science , Electropuncture and laser puncture. There was a general improvement of the body (sanitation foci of chronic infection) and hardening. Recommended sports (swimming, skiing, gymnastics). Vitamins are used, especially in winter and spring. Vitamins are best taken by the phases of the menstrual cycle (in the first phase of vitamins A and E, in the second group vitamins B and C). Mandatory monitoring at the children's gynecologist or gynecologist-endocrinologist.

Anna Sozinova