Cere - a nootropic drug, which has the ability to improve metabolism Improves metabolism and losing weight without dieting   in the brain cells (neurons) and decrease their requirement for oxygen. Used cerebrolysin at various neuropsychiatric diseases in both adults and children.

The mechanism of action of Cere

The composition is a complex cerebrolysin peptides derived from porcine brain. Available cerebrolysin Austrian pharmaceutical company Ever Neuro Pharma as a solution for injection in ampoules of 1, 5, 10 and 30 ml (1 ml solution contains 215 mg of 2 main active ingredient).

Cerebrolysin mechanism of action stems from the fact that its constituent low molecular weight, biologically active peptides can easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain cells. This has tserobrolizin neurons multilateral action: regulate metabolism, exerts a positive effect on the neuron as a whole, it helps to improve the plasticity of neurons and improve their nutrition, partially restores the lost brain function.

Cerebrolysin Effect on metabolism of neurons is that it improves intracellular energy metabolism and protein synthesis as in adults (including elderly patients) and children (metabolic effect).

The positive effect on the whole neuron (neuroprotective) is to protect neurons from a variety of damaging factors, primarily free radicals. Cere stamina neurons to lack of oxygen (hypoxia), and allows them to be fully operational under hypoxic conditions.

Cerebrolysin neurotrophic effect is that it improves plasticity of neurons, which is very important when they are damaged by disease or injury. This occurs due to the formation of new connections between neurons (sprouting) and restore old ties. This leads to partial or complete recovery of lost functions of the brain affected. It also slows down the aging process of neurons developing Alzheimer's disease.

Another mechanism of action cerebrolysin is functional neuromodulation - change activity of the central and peripheral nervous system. Due to this property cerebrolysin improves the functional state of the brain: learning ability, concentration, memory, acquisition and preservation of different skills, enhances intelligence and improves mood, which positively affects the behavior of the patient.

Indications and contraindications

Application cerebrolysin shown at various neuropsychiatric diseases that are accompanied by damage to the brain cells:

• Alzheimer's disease;
• in dementia of various origin;
• in violation of cerebral circulation, including ischemic stroke;
• in traumatic brain injuries and spinal cord injuries;
• when mental retardation in the child;
• when motor disinhibition and impaired concentration in the child;
• In severe depression caused by mental illness, insensitive to antidepressants.

Cere contraindicated in acute renal failure, long-term persistent seizures (status epilepticus) and are hypersensitive to the drug.

Be wary appoint cerebrolysin I trimester of pregnancy and during the feeding of the child Breastfeeding - a personal choice   feeding (clinical studies in pregnant women were not conducted).

Side effects

Cere sometimes has side effects:

• from the gastrointestinal tract - poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea or constipation;
• of the central and peripheral nervous systems - the excitement, aggressiveness, confusion, sleep disturbances Dreams: how to understand our dreams Occasionally - the development of epileptic seizures, fatigue, trembling of the limbs and body, depression, apathy, dizziness;
• on the part of the circulatory system - a reduction or increase in blood pressure;
• More side effects - allergic reactions, shortness of breath, cough, runny nose; at too rapid introduction of the drug appear sensation of heat, sweating, dizziness, heart palpitations or irregular heartbeat;
• Local reactions - at the site of possible skin redness, burning and itching.

Cere decades is widely used in the treatment of various neuropsychiatric diseases Mental illness - ashamed to ask for help? . It has proven itself as an effective and safe drug.

Galina Romanenko

Citoflavin - a drug that improves the metabolism of the brain cells and protects them from the harmful effects, primarily on the toxic effects of free radicals. Applying at various brain diseases associated with metabolic disorders in the brain tissue.

The mechanism of action cytoflavin

Citoflavin - a combination drug that belongs to a group of drugs that enhance metabolism Improves metabolism and losing weight without dieting   in brain tissue. Available cytoflavin domestic pharmaceutical company Polysan in tablets and as a solution in vials for intravenous administration.

Each tablet contains:

• succinic acid - 300 mg;
• inosine (Riboxinum) - 50 mg;
• Nicotinamide - 25 mg;
• riboflavin mononucleotide - 5 mg.

The 1 ml solution for intravenous infusion contains:

• succinic acid - 100 mg;
• inosine (Riboxinum) - 20 mg;
• Nicotinamide - 10 mg;
• riboflavin mononucleotide - 2 mg.

The mechanism of action cytoflavin depends on the action of its constituent components. It activates the formation of energy from glucose Glucose: The energy source Required cell protein and other biochemical processes that make up the metabolism of brain cells (neurons) in these processes improves oxygen uptake.

Due to its antioxidant properties (it activates enzymes that destroy free radicals) cytoflavin protects neurons from the toxic effects of free radicals, preventing them from collapse.

Citoflavin positive effect on the bioelectric activity of neurons, reduces reflexes disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system, helps to restore the nervous and mental functions of the brain, emotional and volitional disorders (reduces anxiety and depression), reduces the severity of symptoms of various syndromes developing in brain lesions.

Citoflavin improves cerebral and coronary circulation. When administered intravenously, it contributes to the restoration of impaired consciousness, including the anesthesia. Moreover, when administered intravenously within the first 12 hours after ischemic stroke it is able to reduce the area of ​​lesion of neurons and contribute to more rapid recovery of brain functions.

Indications and contraindications

Citoflavin tablets used in the complex treatment of patients with chronic cerebrovascular stage I-II (with cerebral arteriosclerosis, non-inflammatory lesions of the brain or encephalopathy against high blood pressure, effects of stroke), asthenic syndrome Asthenic syndrome - the state of constant fatigue Which appears rapid fatigue and decreased performance.

Cytoflavin intravenously administered as a part of complex treatment of acute stroke (ischemic stroke), encephalopathy, developed on the background of chronic cerebrovascular accident, acute and chronic poisoning by toxic substances, as well as disturbance of consciousness after anesthesia.

In addition, it is used in children (including premature) as part of an integrated treatment of cerebrovascular events in the neonatal period.

Contraindications for use cytoflavin is the idiosyncrasy of the drug. Intravenous injection is contraindicated in women who breastfeed.

With caution, and only on the testimony cytoflavin appointed during pregnancy. Tablets cytoflavin prescribed with caution in patients with erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, and intravenous - for kidney stones, gout, chronic renal failure.

Side effects

In applying cytoflavin, the following side effects:

• from the gastrointestinal tract when administered intravenously may cause nausea and stomach pain;
• from respiratory intravenous administration may appear transient pain and discomfort in the chest, shortness of breath, tingling in the nasopharynx;
• the central nervous system when ingested can be short-term headache, and when administered intravenously - headache or dizziness;
• In addition, there may be allergic reactions, disturbance of sense of smell (dysosmia), pale skin;
• With rapid intravenous may appear pronounced redness of the skin, feeling the heat, taste disturbances and dry mouth, sore throat; But all these phenomena are, and do not require discontinuation cytoflavin; Chronic administration of high doses may cause a transient decrease in blood sugar Blood sugar - a very important indicator , Renal dysfunction, acute gout.

Citoflavin help many patients overcome the effects of cerebral circulation.

Galina Romanenko