What is vertigo

Vertigo - a feeling of imaginary rotation of surrounding objects, or your own body rotation "inside the head". Vertigo can be felt as a feeling of instability, "falling into the abyss", leaving from under the feet of soil. At the heart of vertigo is a violation of the interaction of vestibular and visual analyzers and deep sensitivity, which together provide spatial orientation. Dizziness may occur both in disorders associated with each of these three systems, as well as violations of coordination between them.

Causes and types of vertigo

The causes of dizziness, very much. Dizziness may occur as a result of the defeat of the inner ear or vestibular nerve. This is called peripheral vertigo. The cause of vertigo as there are diseases of the brain (eg, tumors), and then talk about the central vertigo.

Vertigo is divided into the vestibular (in violation of the vestibular apparatus) and nevestibulyarnye (with violations in other organs and systems). In addition, the dizziness can occur when some anomalies of development (for example, the so-called tower skull), stress, pregnancy, and in healthy people in the truck, on a swing, in the elevator, when you look down from a height, while observing the fast-moving objects. Such feelings in healthy people is a sign of vestibular instability.

Depending on the cause nevestibulyarnye dizziness divided into visual (caused by the pathology of the vision and oculomotor apparatus), cardiovascular (heart diseases), abdominal (in the human abdominal organs), neck (caused by vertebral artery syndrome) Otogenic (for violations organ of hearing), neurological (for various diseases of the nervous system).

Vestibular vertigo

Vestibular vertigo occur most often occur as a result of the defeat of the vestibular structures (to maintain balance), or when exposed to the outside in a number of diseases of other organs and systems. Vestibular vertigo occurs when the brain receives incorrect information from the inner ear.

By the nature of vestibular sensation of vertigo is divided into systemic and non-systemic. Vertigo sensation characterized by a certain direction of apparent movement (left, right, forward, back, etc.). The fragmented characterized by vertigo sensation of rotation inside the head, the fragility of the soil underfoot.

Dizzy spell

Dizziness may be episodic, accompanied by a sharp imbalance, sweating, paleness or redness of the face, palpitations, discomfort in the heart, stomach and others. Dizziness is enhanced when changing head position, especially when lifting it from the pillow or turn to the side, while there is often vomiting.

Despite the feeling of fear that accompanies almost every attack of dizziness in itself it is not life threatening. However, it is important to promptly and correctly establish the diagnosis of the disease, causing dizziness.

First aid for attack

The sudden attack of vertigo should:

• try to calm down;
• sit or lie down;
• measure blood pressure Blood pressure - dangerous if his swing? ;
• not to close my eyes and try to focus the mind on a specific subject;
• If dizziness is combined with speech, weakness or clumsiness in the limbs, double vision, numbness or other disorders of sensitivity should immediately call an ambulance.

Exercises in the vestibular vertigo

If you are concerned about persistent dizziness, then to overcome them except the treatment prescribed by a doctor can make a set of exercises. The therapeutic effect of exercise based on the fact that the brain is able to adapt to the new situation, and after some time as a result of constant training dizziness fades.

From a number of exercises to choose the ones that cause you dizzy, and do them with your eyes open (five times each) twice daily with an interval of at least eight hours. Complete disappearance of vertigo can occur in two months.

Exercises on a flat surface:

• sit up straight, legs outstretched, looking ahead, then quickly lie on your back;
• lying on his back to look up, then quickly turn over on his left side;
• Lying on your left side to look in front of him, then quickly turn over to the right side;
• lying on his right side, look in front of him and quickly turn over on his back;
• lying on his back to look up and quickly move to a sitting position.

Vertigo can be a symptom of many diseases, so before treatment, it is necessary to establish the correct diagnosis.

  Galina Romanenko

The group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

The first drug has anti-inflammatory effects were salicylates. The most prominent representative of this group was aspirin, synthesized in the mid-nineteenth century. The basis for its production was the willow bark, has antipyretic effect. Further work in this area led to the development of a whole group of drugs with similar properties. Their ability to reduce inflammation is almost equal to that of the hormonal steroids, so they are collectively known NSAIDs. Unfortunately, they all more or less are capable of irritating the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.

Diclofenac NSAIDs

Diclofenac - a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Diclofenac as all NSAID has the ability to irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, therefore the composition of diclofenac tablets include excipients that decrease the properties.

The mechanism of action of diclofenac is the oppression of formation of prostaglandins - nutrients that play an important role in the development of inflammation and pain. Diclofenac is especially effective in rheumatic diseases, it contributes to the rapid removal of inflammation and pain in the joints Joint pain - how to understand what is going on? , Restricted movement in the morning, swelling and stiffness of the joints.

He has found application in the treatment of postoperative wounds and injuries, removing inflammation and swelling of the tissues. Removing inflammation reduces recovery period of field operations and prevents further occurrence of adhesions (proliferation of connective tissue at the site of inflammation, promotes healing well operated organ and surrounding tissues).

Available dikrofenak in the form of pills and vials with a solution for injection. When the tablets are coated with enteric coating, the drug is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (eating slightly slows absorption), reaching the highest blood concentration after two hours. Two hours later diclofenac penetrates into the region of the joints. Its concentration in the joint cavity begins to exceed the concentration of drug in blood six hours after oral administration and remains so for a half day.

Half of the dose received dikloferaka decomposed in the liver and excreted by the kidneys, the second half is excreted in bile through the gastrointestinal tract intact.

Contraindications for use

As with any action in the body the drug diclofenac has contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to diclofenac or any - any auxiliary substances in the drug;
• allergy (episodes of bronchospasm, urticaria, acute rhinitis, and so on) associated with the intake of NSAIDs in the past;
• violations of blood of unknown origin;
• child (up to 18 years - the injection of up to 15 years - Tablets);
• Pregnancy and breast-feeding Breast-feeding: feed - and no nails! .

Caution should be used diclofenac those patients who suffer (or have suffered previously) disease of the gastrointestinal tract (eg, stomach ulcers and 12 duodenal ulcer) or have severe liver disease and kidney with a violation of their functions. In the treatment of diclofenac required laboratory monitoring of liver and kidney function, when they are reducing the drug should be abolished.

Side effects

When diclofenac may have the following side effects:

• stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, bloating; rare - occurrence of erosive ulcers of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, which can be complicated by bleeding;
• headache, dizziness, fatigue; rarely - violations: memory, vision, hearing, orientation in the environment, sleep disorders Dreams: how to understand our dreams , Convulsions, depression Depression - a little more than a bad mood ;
• It may cause a rash on the skin, including urticaria and so on;
• in rare cases - acute renal failure, against inflammation of the kidneys;
• transient increase in liver enzymes in the blood; rarely - inflammation of the liver;
• have been isolated cases of reducing the number of blood platelets (increases bleeding), leukocytes (reduced the protective properties of the blood), anemia appearance;
• on the site of intramuscular injection of diclofenac may appear soreness and induration;
• very rarely - swelling, heart palpitations, chest pain, high blood pressure.

Diclofenac - effective modern NSAIDs.

  Galina Romanenko