Hemangioma - a benign tumor A benign tumor - is not always safe , Formed to congenital abnormal development of small blood vessels. Small hemangiomas do not require treatment. If hemangioma for some reason want to remove it for this purpose there are several methods, including the removal of by injection.

What is sclerotherapy hemangioma

Sklerozirtsyuschey hemangioma called administering therapy to the tumor specific chemical substances that cause its aseptic (without infection), inflammation or thrombosis, which leads to zapustevaniyu blood vessels, form the basis of the tumor and its replacement by connective tissue. For the first time this method has been applied to the treatment of hemangiomas in the second half of the nineteenth century German surgeon Schwalbe, who used alcohol sclerosis. Later this purpose to hemangioma injected formalin, quinine-urethane and some other substances.

Sclerosing hemangiomas popular today to this end generally use 70% alcohol or 25% sodium salicylate, which is administered by injection. A few days after injection in its place there is an inflammatory process, after this process is finished, repeat injections. And so on until hemangioma completely disappears.

Treat large hemangiomas in this way is impossible, since they require the introduction of a large volume of sclerosing agents, and this leads to the destruction of tissue with the formation of ulcers and the subsequent formation of scars. But small hemangioma treated by sclerosis is quite possible.

Disadvantages and complications of sclerotherapy

The disadvantages of this treatment is the pain and duration of treatment. Sometimes after sclerotherapy complications arise in the form of bleeding, ulcers, festering with the subsequent formation of rough scars. In carrying out these injections in the facial area is sometimes persistent paresis of facial muscles due to damage to the facial nerve The facial nerve when a person loses symmetry .

Sclerosing therapy as a method of treatment of hemangiomas is simple in execution, but very painful and requires long-term treatment. Furthermore, in order that treatment was successful, it is necessary to carry out the correct selection of patients as sclerotherapy may not be suitable. With proper patient selection and treatment is sclerotherapy is very effective and does not leave behind a rough scars.

Indications and contraindications for sclerotherapy hemangiomas

Sclerosing hemangioma therapy is indicated for small low-lying capillary hemangiomas (they consist of interwoven small blood vessels), small cavernous hemangioma (consisting of fairly large cavities filled with blood) and mixed hemangiomas of the face and nose. Results also treated this way hemangiomas eyelids, lips and the ear, tongue, mouth. Most often Sclerotherapy Sclerotherapy - the fight against varicose veins   used in the treatment of hemangiomas located in inconvenient locations for surgical removal.

Contraindicated injection treatment for large hemangiomas and the propensity of the patient to the formation of keloids (large red scar prone to sprawl, it usually depends on the individual characteristics of the organism). This type of treatment is contraindicated in hemangiomas, common in subcutaneous tissue located in places that can not be injured, for example, in the parotid area in the breast, perineum, in the genital area.

How are the injections of sclerosing agents

Injections of 70% alcohol is usually carried out after a preliminary local anesthesia novocaine Novocaine - why it is so popular in medicine? . To do this, 2% solution of novocaine cut away the surrounding tissue hemangioma. Sometimes alcohol is injected with Novocain directly into the tumor. The amount of alcohol depends of the volume of the tumor and may be 0, 1 to several milliliters. Injections of alcohol begin to make the edges of the tumor and gradually coming to the center. About half an hour after the procedure begins the inflammatory response, increasing throughout the next day. Inflammation lasts about a week, then you can re-do the procedure.

The results of sclerotherapy

A good result is obtained after treatment of small cavernous hemangioma and mixed with a diameter of 1, 1, 5 cm. In half of these hemangiomas disappear without a trace after two injections of sclerosing solution. If more than one hemangioma, 5 cm in diameter, they are not at once but gradually, over several months and in this case is not always possible to avoid scarring.

Thus, hemangioma after injection only takes place if the choice of treatment have been taken into account all the indications and contraindications for this treatment.

Galina Romanenko

Carcinoid syndrome - a number of symptoms caused by degeneration of cells in the composition of the endocrine system carcinoid tumor. Sometimes these tumors produce excess amounts of hormones, such as serotonin, which is the cause of the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome.

Carcinoids tend to grow and spread to other organs very slowly. In the early stages of development, they are easily treatable and can be cured completely. But by the time of onset of symptoms of carcinoid syndrome tumors usually already transferred to another body. It is therefore important to identify a tumor and carcinoid syndrome, as early as possible.

The most important in the diagnosis of carcinoid syndrome - is to think about the very possibility of its occurrence. Unfortunately, this diagnosis is often put in five to seven years after the first symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. Therefore, people who have health problems, you need to know what these symptoms.

Carcinoid syndrome symptoms

The most common symptoms of this condition include:

• Diarrhea
• Redness of the skin on the body or skin
• Cardiopalmus
• Stomach cramps
• Shortness of breath
• Wheezing

If reddening of the skin due to the development of carcinoid syndrome skin usually remains dry, and this symptom is not related to increased sweating, which also leads to a reddening of the skin. Redness of the skin much better than others, from the side. Sami patients this symptom may not be noticed.

These symptoms may be increased in times of stress, exertion or alcohol use. Certain foods, such as ripe cheeses such as cheddar or stilton, salted or pickled dishes and other foods containing tyramine, can also trigger symptoms amplification.

Stress and alcohol are certainly factors causing redness of the skin. All these factors are important indicators in diagnosis of carcinoid syndrome.

How often do occur

Carcinoid syndrome occurs only in about 10% of people with carcinoid tumors. Although many types of carcinoids emit hormones, these hormones are often not fall into the general bloodstream. The fact that the blood from the digestive tract before join the main flow of blood in the body usually passes through the liver. A liver destroys excess hormones until such time as they manage to get into the other organs. However, in cases where carcinoids spread to the liver or other organs, the excess hormones are the cause of carcinoid syndrome.

Diagnostics

In the diagnosis of carcinoid symptoms, doctors often mistaken as symptoms of this condition are similar to symptoms of other common diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome.

Often there are patients who have put the wrong diagnosis, for example, irritable bowel syndrome or colitis Colitis - the danger of colon And accordingly assigned to the wrong treatment. Timely detection of carcinoid syndrome can decisively affect the outcome of treatment.

If you suspect a carcinoid syndrome doctor conducts one of the tests diagnosing the patient's condition. Following the discovery of this state using other tests to help determine the location of the tumor and the extent of their distribution.

• Blood and urine tests. For the diagnosis of the carcinoid syndrome is often used for analysis of daily urine 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). It shows the amount of the hormone serotonin developed organism over a period of 24 hours. Also, your doctor may carry out the analysis, which helps to establish the blood levels of a substance called chromogranin A - a kind of indicator of endocrine tumors.
• The visualization of internal organs. To identify carcinoid syndrome physician may use one or more imaging methods. This is especially effective scintigraphy. For this test the vein by injecting a small amount of injected radioactive substances and endocrine disruptors substance that tends to tumors. After a few hours with the help of a special device detected all the centers of accumulation of this substance. Other imaging techniques such as X-rays, CT and magnetic resonance imaging, allows to determine the exact location of the tumors.
• Endoscopy. This type of diagnostics is carried out using a long flexible tube (endoscope) with a tiny camera on the end that allows to see the internal organs. Use different types of endoscopy, which allows you to scan all areas of the digestive tract, from the esophagus and ending with the rectum.
• Biopsy. Because the tumor is removed a small piece of tissue as a sample. A biopsy can be performed during endoscopy Endoscopy - not only diagnosis but also treatment procedure   or CT scan using a needle biopsy.