Drops are used for dexamethasone nonsuppurative inflammatory and allergic diseases of the eye. They perfectly remove the conjunctival swelling and redness of the sclera, and other symptoms associated with allergic and inflammatory processes in the field of view.

The basic properties of dexamethasone drops

Drops of dexamethasone after instillation into the eyes quickly penetrate into the surface layers of the conjunctiva, cornea and sclera, and are mostly local, only a small portion absorbed into the blood and has a general effect.

Active ingredient drops - dexamethasone, which is a glucocorticoid agent (GCS), that is a synthetic analogue of the hormones of the adrenal cortex. He has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, decongestant and anti-allergic effect, the mechanism of which it is carried out by inhibiting the synthesis, release, and activity of biologically active substances involved in inflammation and allergies.

An important property drops dexamethasone is their ability to reduce the expansion of blood vessels and increased insight in the inflammation or allergies. Dexamethasone also inhibits the proliferation of connective tissue, which is an important property in ophthalmology as prevents the formation of rough scars.

But while dexamethasone suppresses the whole immune system units, so can not be used in septic bacterial, fungal and viral infections. Effect drop continues for four to eight hours after instillation. Available dexamethasone drops in the form of 0, 1% solution in flakonah- 10 ml.

Indications and contraindications

Drops of dexamethasone used in inflammatory and allergic diseases of different eye membranes. It is used in the course of purulent conjunctivitis, keratitis, scleritis (inflammation of the cornea and sclera), blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelid margins).

Will eye drops with dexamethasone remove unpleasant sensations in the eyes and inflammation in the deeper layers of the eye - the retina and choroid - chorioretinitis, as well as optic neuritis.

Eyedrops with dexamethasone as eye trauma, but only after the wound was delayed. In some cases, the disease or injury, inflammation begins in one eye and the second eye. This phenomenon is called the sympathetic ophthalmia. After burning drops administered to restore the transparency of the cornea and prevent proliferation in the area of ​​small blood vessels.

To prevent inflammation drops dexamethasone used after eye surgery or injury.

Contraindications for eye treatment with dexamethasone are individual intolerance of components, purulent bacterial, viral and fungal diseases of the eye, trachoma, tuberculosis Tuberculosis - a full recovery is not guaranteed   eye, glaucoma Glaucoma - a perspective possible blindness Damage to the surface of the cornea, the age of six years, pregnancy and breast feeding.

Do drops with dexamethasone side effects?

In most cases, a drop of dexamethasone well tolerated. Sometimes immediately after instillation of the patient concerned about the short-term burning of the eyes, tearing and blurred vision, but it passes quickly and is not a reason to cancel drops.

Dexamethasone drops, like any other dosage forms of the drug can not be used for a long time, when it is used for two weeks or more in a row can appear severe headaches and increased intraocular pressure. Sometimes prolonged use of drops can lead to violations on the part of the optic nerve and loss of vision, as well as cataract - cataract. It may occur as thinning of the cornea and its rupture. Quite possible the accession of any infection. Drops do not prescribe when a corneal erosive and ulcerative violations as Dexamethasone Dexamethasone - one of the most effective glucocorticosteroids   may interfere with the healing of ulcers and facilitate the accession of infection.

If you apply a drop of dexamethasone is very long and uncontrollably, you may experience side effects from the entire body in the form of nausea, vomiting, appetite disorders, acute gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcers, disorders of the heart and blood vessels (increasing blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbances ), increased intracranial pressure, which is accompanied by headaches, insomnia, agitation, anxiety.

Unpleasant side effects on the background of the prolonged use of dexamethasone drops may develop with the endocrine system - steroid diabetes Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease   and Cushing's disease.

Galina Romanenko

Viral conjunctivitis is today one of the most frequent diseases. It may cause a variety of viruses, up to the influenza virus. But most of the viral conjunctivitis caused by adenoviruses, enteroviruses and herpes simplex viruses Herpes simplex - in fact, not so simple . Another feature of viral conjunctivitis is its frequent development due to lower immunity.

What causes and how is transmitted viral conjunctivitis

Viral conjunctivitis can be caused by any virus that can cause acute respiratory viral infections - SARS. But more often the cause of viral conjunctivitis is adenoviruses and enteroviruses.

In this part of adenoviruses (types 3, 7a, and several others) causes conventional adenovirus conjunctivitis Adenoviral conjunctivitis - a frequent visitor in the offseason That occurs on a background of adenoviral infections and often ends without complications. Another part of adenoviruses (type 8) is adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, called the hospital, as developed in hospitals, it runs hard, is highly contagious and often gives complications.

From enterovirus conjunctivitis often cause enterovirus 70 of the picornavirus family. These pathogens cause epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis.

All of these viruses can be transmitted by airborne droplets, contact and alimentary (food and water) by.

Often the cause of viral conjunctivitis is herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 - HSV-1 and HSV-2. Infection with HSV-1 most commonly occurs in early childhood respiratory droplets or by contact, and all the recurrences of herpes infection associated with reduced immunity. Herpetic conjunctivitis prone to prolonged recurrent course.

Symptoms of viral conjunctivitis

Symptoms of the disease are directly related to infectious agents. Nevertheless, all viral conjunctivitis have common features.

The incubation period viral conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus, is 4-8 days, whereas at an epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by enterovirus 70, he often does not exceed days.

Acute viral conjunctivitis usually begins suddenly, everything changes initially develop in one eye, and after 1-3 days in the second. There are photophobia, lacrimation, Feeling mote in the eye. It appears moderate swelling of the eyelids, redness and swelling of the conjunctiva. Discharge is usually scarce, has seromucous character.

Viral conjunctivitis in adults against the backdrop of adenoviral infection occurs usually easier than adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and almost never gives complications. Viral conjunctivitis in children with adenoviral infections often form a film and gives complications such as scarring of the conjunctiva. The films have a grayish color, cover the entire front surface of the eyeball, and are easily removed with a cotton swab How to use sanitary pad - basic precautions   (and then some time later reappear).

Epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is acute with severe edema of the eyelids and conjunctiva, conjunctival redness, appearance of her bleeding (hemorrhage) from point to extensive, around the eyeball.

Herpetic conjunctivitis manifests as blisters (follicle) in the conjunctiva. Follicles burst forming surface erosion, which in turn heal without scarring. When lowered immunity herpetic conjunctivitis recurs frequently.

Complications of viral conjunctivitis

Adenoviral conjunctivitis in adults virtually no complications. But often it joins a bacterial infection, and it may cause including keratitis (corneal inflammation), which, nevertheless, with proper treatment, not leave effects.

Adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis often results in corneal lesions, and after recovery of the cornea for a long time are plots turbidity.

Than to treat viral conjunctivitis

The treatment of viral conjunctivitis should be entrusted to the doctor. Usually prescribed topical treatment of antiviral, immune stimulating, antihistamine drugs. Simultaneously, for the prevention of bacterial infections administered antibacterial agents.

The treatment of viral conjunctivitis in adults necessarily implies topical administration of interferon preparations and deoxyribonuclease drops. For ever and lay the antiviral ointment (eg bonaftonovuyu or florenalovuyu). When herpes conjunctivitis used drugs based on aciclovir Acyclovir - as it is safe? .

The treatment of viral conjunctivitis in children interferon preparations of local action is not carried out. As a general antiviral and immunostimulatory agent used rectal suppositories viferon, which includes interferon. Topically applied solution Poludan.

Galina Romanenko