Today, there are methods of treatment of acute and chronic sinusitis. And if they stick with sinusitis Sinusitis - when a puncture is required   and its complications can be overcome. But often in the treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases of the longer rely on "old wives' advice, which leads to the development of complications and chronic process.

The main treatment - the restoration of sinus drainage

Any inflammation (acute, subacute, chronic) will be maintained if the message is broken maxillary sinus with nasal cavity and all the selection accumulate inside the sinus, being breeding ground for the breeding of pathogens.

Therefore, drainage of the maxillary sinus is the main treatment for sinusitis. In acute sinusitis obstacle to the outflow of fluid from the sinus inflammation usually the inflammatory tissue edema. His attempt to remove the necessary medication: instillation of vasoconstrictor drops or injection solution preparation plant sinuforte.

Vasoconstrictor drops are effective, but they can be used no more than five days, long-term use will lead to smooth muscle paresis of small vessels. They are resistant, do not respond to treatment expansion and swelling of tissues. Sinuforte acts more gently, but not as effective. But if the swelling is small, it is possible to dispense with this drug, which requires the application once a day for two weeks.

If such a way to carry out drainage is not obtained, and the temperature and general intoxication hold, hold the puncture of the maxillary sinus, removal of pus from it. Lavage and introduction into the cavity of antibacterial agents.

But in chronic sinusitis Chronic sinusitis - the effect on health   medicated ways to restore drainage play a supporting role. The main reasons for violation of the drainage function are anatomical changes and tissue overgrowth (hyperplasia, polyps) in the nasal cavity. These defects often need to remove surgically. But the operation is usually carried out when the inflammatory process is removed. And in order to remove it, it is required to evacuate the contents of the maxillary sinus. Therefore, in chronic sinusitis are sometimes held such a compulsory procedure as puncture of the maxillary sinus. Sometimes sinus cavity introduced permanent tubes through which drainage and all procedures are carried out.

The method of treatment of sinusitis - antimicrobial (antifungal) and anti-inflammatory therapy

In acute sinusitis Acute sinusitis - occurs as the inflammatory process   Broad-spectrum antibiotics are appointed immediately, without waiting for the results of the preliminary analysis undertaken. If ongoing antibiotic treatment is not efficient enough, that after the results of his analysis are corrected.

Anti-inflammatory therapy for acute sinusitis is both antipyretic and analgesic. For this purpose, appoint steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) - diclofenac Diclofenac - relieve inflammation and pain , Ibuprofen and others. If the inflammation is very strong and you can not remove the swelling, prescribe drops composed of glucocorticoid hormones (eg, hydrocortisone) - this allows you to quickly remove the swelling.

In chronic sinusitis antibiotics general (systemic) action prescribed is not always, but only in the case of pronounced inflammation and the results revealed sensitivity to them pathogens. It is currently believed that the chronic, particularly at low intensity inflammation antibiotics are not always effective.

Antibacterials for chronic sinusitis often used topically by injecting them into the maxillary sinuses after a puncture or through permanent drains. Also topically administered antiinflammatory drugs such as glucocorticoid hormones (but only together with antibiotics, since they reduce the immune) - these drugs are well relieve inflammation and improve sinus drainage.

Surgical treatment of sinusitis

Surgical treatment is performed without exacerbation - eliminated the causes of violations of sinus drainage, which can not be recovered by conservative methods of treatment. For example, a septoplasty is performed, resection of the hypertrophied turbinates, and so on.

In addition, surgical treatment is carried out in the form of chronic polypoid sinusitis when polyps grow in the maxillary sinus and nasal cavity, completely blocking the path of removing content and inflammatory nasal breathing.

Rehabilitation treatment of sinusitis

For this purpose, widely used physiotherapy treatments, breathing exercises and massage. Assign these treatments only after it will be the main symptoms of inflammation.

Galina Romanenko

In most cases, bilateral otitis characterized by the adverse flow, as it occurs with different disease complications. In the acute stage of inflammation can prevent complications if treatment strategy has been chosen correctly and timely treatment is started. When tissue is damaged middle ear purulent otitis there is a significant hearing loss, and a number of other complications.

Stages in the development of inflammation

Bilateral clinically otitis proceeds not only with the development of inflammation in the tissues of the ear, wherein the inflammatory process extends to the surrounding tissues. It is important to recognize the symptoms of the disease at an early stage, allowing time to carry out the necessary treatment. Conventionally, we can talk about the five stages of otitis media. Bilateral otitis media can occur in the form of an atypical variant, when the stage of disease not replace each other, therefore, deserves special attention are symptoms that do not go through the first two days of the appointment of special treatment.

The maximum degree of severity of pain is observed on the stage to the perforation of the eardrum. The bilateral otitis media during the development of acute purulent inflammation with episodes suppuration occurs at a stage where accomplished perforation process that facilitates the outflow of pus from the cavity. At this stage of inflammation the patient becomes much easier, there comes an objective improvement, as it significantly reduces the pain in the ear, there is no temperature reaction.

The most dangerous stage is considered when there is suppuration, as there is a risk of infection in the cranial cavity, which can cause the development of inflammatory diseases of the meninges. It is important when choosing a treatment strategy based on the staging of inflammation that will quickly achieve recovery and avoid serious complications.

Features of the anatomical structure of the auditory tube

Promote the development of the infectious process features of the anatomical structure of the auditory tube in children and adults. In children, the infection easily penetrates from the nasopharynx to the middle ear cavity, which is the cause of otitis Otitis - than could face an ear infection . Bilateral otitis media develops in a child often enough, as the auditory tube has a nearly horizontal position, it is wider and shorter.

In adulthood, the security of the middle ear infection control from the nasopharynx due to the fact that the auditory tube becomes thinner, lying at an angle. But this does not mean that a bilateral otitis media in adults is a rare disease. To suspect the development of the inflammatory process can be based on the following symptoms:

• the presence of the severity of pain in the ears
• pain when you press on the area on both sides of the tragus

The inflammatory exudate, which contains the bacteria enters from the nasopharynx with a cold. As a result, both sides in the ear inflammation develops. In this context is very important compliance with the rules on blowing the nose. Not recommended vysmarkivatsya with power, with no need to close the second nostril. Important vysmarkivat alternately each nostril, then the risk of infection in the ear cavity is minimal.

If during colds in humans there are complaints of pain in the ears, general condition worsens, the body temperature rises to higher values, you should see a doctor to rule out otitis. Pain can give (or radiate) to the jaw, teeth and whiskey, due to anatomical proximity of these areas and speed the spread of infection.

Risk of self-treatment of otitis

Treatment of bilateral otitis includes a set of measures, the amount of which is determined only on the basis of specialist physical examination of the patient and other research methods. If the chosen treatment policy does not correspond to the severity of the inflammatory process, there is a risk of transition to a chronic form of the disease.

Acute otitis sided warming procedures can not be treated at the stage of purulent inflammation when there is a high temperature reaction. Any hot compress or heating physiotherapy can be done after reducing the severity of inflammation. It should be assigned a common therapy that includes antibiotics (in tablet or injectable form, as determined by the severity of the patient) and anti-inflammatories.

In some cases it is necessary to remove the adenoids Adenoids - the expansion of the pharyngeal tonsil If a child has otitis prolonged, chronic course. In this situation, parents should not give up of this surgery, but only when to conduct it there is an objective necessity. Where indicated nasal lavage is performed for the purpose of rehabilitation of the nasal passages as a possible source of infection. The presence of foci of chronic infection in the sinuses or nasopharynx, tonsils is an indication for active treatment policy.

Bilateral otitis media in adults is the cause of the facial nerve paresis The facial nerve when a person loses symmetry , Significant hearing loss up to the hearing loss, so no treatment is unacceptable. Perhaps an active watchful waiting if bilateral otitis externa Otitis externa - all the dangers of the disease   identified during the initial stage of the disease. If, within two or three days, the patient's general condition is deteriorating, do not change the data of objective inspection, change the chosen tactics and launch a comprehensive therapy. To obtain a stable therapeutic effect in the treatment of bilateral otitis important that the patient survived recommendations duration of treatment and does not interrupt the assigned rate.

Marina Solovyov