Gingivitis - an inflammatory disease of the gum. It usually results from prolonged exposure of dental plaque - the sticky substance consisting of bacteria, mucus and food debris. If plaque is not removed regularly, it becomes tartar Plaque - why it should be removed?   at the base of the tooth. Plaque and tartar irritate the gums and inflammation Gum disease - do not treat lightly .

Causes and risk factors

Gingivitis is a form of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease includes inflammation and infections that destroy tissue supporting the teeth, including the gums, periodontal and dental wells (alveoli).

Damage to the gums from any cause, including overly active brushing Toothbrushes - make no mistake in choosing   or thread may also cause gingivitis.

The following factors increase the risk of gingivitis:

• Availability of various diseases;
• Poor dental care;
• Pregnancy (hormonal changes increase the sensitivity of the gums);
• Uncontrolled diabetes.

Misaligned teeth, rough edges of fillings, improper or inadequate patient-friendly dental devices (such as braces, dentures, bridges and crowns) can irritate the gums and contribute to the development of gingivitis.

Some drugs, such as phenytoin and birth control pills, and heavy metals such as lead and bismuth are also associated with increased risk of gingivitis.

So many people during the lifetime of developing gingivitis of varying intensity. It generally first appears in adolescents and young people - this is due to hormonal changes. Subsequently, depending on the condition of the gums and teeth of human relapses may occur.

Symptoms

Gingivitis symptoms are:

• Bleeding gums (the patient may notice traces of blood on the toothbrush, even if he is brushing his teeth very carefully);
• Bright red or red-purple gums;
• Increased sensitivity to touch the gums (in this case, they usually do not ache);
• Mouth ulcers;
• Gum disease.

Diagnostics

Gingivitis is diagnosed with a conventional dental examination and study of the symptoms. If the doctor suspects that the inflammation would spread to the supporting structures of the tooth, he will X-ray examination.

The goal of treatment is to reduce gingivitis inflammation. For this purpose, usually teeth purified from plaque and calculus.

After professional tooth cleaning patient receives recommendations for further oral care. In addition to the usual recommended regular brushing of teeth with a brush and thread, the doctor may recommend an antibacterial mouthwash.

In some cases, it is recommended alignment of the teeth or replacement of dental and orthodontic appliances.

Forecast

During the procedure, professional tooth cleaning and for some time after the patient may experience some discomfort. Bleeding and tenderness of the gums usually go through one to two weeks. Rinsing the mouth with warm saline solution or an antibacterial agent can reduce inflammation. In most cases, treatment of gingivitis is successful, and when good hygiene of the oral cavity Oral hygiene - not only in the dentist's chair   its recurrence in the future can be avoided.

Only sometimes gingivitis causes complications such as periodontitis, infection or abscess of the gums.

Prevention

Most people for the prevention of gingivitis is only necessary to take good care of your teeth and mouth. Those who are particularly susceptible to the formation of plaque and calculus may be recommended to use special brushes, toothpastes and mouthwashes.

Also, to prevent formation of tartar, be not less than once per year, making a professional dental cleaning.

If a few decades ago, the bite was corrected only in children, but today there are technologies to correct bite at any age. For this there are special techniques and produced a variety of orthodontic appliances, including a completely invisible to others.

What an adult to change the bite

Malocclusion (interdigitation) - it's not just a cosmetic defect, breach of the right of contact dentition often leads to loosening and loss of teeth, gum disease (gingivitis) and periodontal deeper tissues (periodontitis, periodontal disease). Sometimes the impetus to realize that we need a correction of malocclusion, is some common disease in which the body is weakened, including disrupted muscle restraining the progression of malocclusion and its complications. The same thing happens in the elderly.

But the appearance is also in our time has a value, it is no wonder they say that meet on clothes (in this case, in appearance). More and more attention is paid to the state of the surrounding teeth, hair and nails the man who first issue, as far as he watches his appearance and health.

What are the methods of occlusion in adults

Correct bite harder in an adult than a child. This is due to the fact that the skull bones have finished growing and are difficult to influence, and in fact their position and will have to adjust. Malocclusion is carried out using orthodontic appliances.

The results of orthodontic treatment depend on the strength and duration of action of force, including the degree of compression of periodontal (tissue surrounding the teeth) moved teeth and individual characteristics of the organism. As a result of the correction of dentition orthodontic movement of individual teeth occurs, the restoration of dentition and the lower jaw, jaw expansion.

Methods of correction of malocclusion depends on the type of orthodontic appliance. All orthodontic appliances are divided into removable, fixed and combined. In the place of attachment, they are divided on the intraoral and extraoral (various kinds of hats). All orthodontic appliances have both positive and negative qualities. How to choose the device solves the orthodontist with the patient, because a lot depends on his willingness and ability to meet certain requirements related to a specific procedure.

Removable orthodontic appliances

Removable orthodontic devices allow the patient to arbitrarily remove and put on them. It is usually stipulated certain number of hours of daily wear.

Removable devices are divided into odnochelyustnye devices that should be worn 20-24 hours a day without taking even during meals and dvuchelyustnye phones - they are at least 12 hours a day.

Removable devices include plates (they can be like odnochelyustnymi and dvuchelyustnymi). The plates are often used in children. In adults, they can not fully correct bite How to fix a bite: it is necessary at any age .

Adults more appropriate correction of malocclusion with special transparent cap (CVR), which is put on the teeth. There is a technique of occlusion Malocclusion: beauty for all ages   with the help of the CVR is based on the technology of computer modeling - Invisalign. In this procedure for each patient made a unique set of clear aligners that gradually move the teeth into the desired direction. Wear them from several months to a year and a half, changing every two weeks.

Fixed orthodontic appliances

Well suited to adults and non-removable devices that have permanent effects on the dentition system. Today, for the correction of malocclusion often use braces Braces: Proper installation - a pledge of a beautiful smile -systems, which are produced of various kinds, for every taste (plastic, metal, sapphire, color).

Some braces are generally not visible on the tooth surface as attached inside the so-called lingual brackets. It is these braces are best suited for occlusion in adults, as they are well restore the correct set of teeth, invisible to others, but have a number of features to cope with the strength that is usually only an adult. For example, at the beginning of the correction may be problems with speech, need special care physician to perform the recommended procedures, including oral hygiene Oral hygiene - not only in the dentist's chair .

From outside the least visible braces sapphire, which refract light in much the same as our saliva. Young people fit colored braces - even today it is fashionable.

Galina Romanenko