The reasons for dislocation clavicle often fall on his shoulder on an outstretched hand or bent elbow (injury is common among those who engage in football and volleyball). In addition, the dislocation of the clavicle can be obtained as a result of various injuries, such as road accidents.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of a dislocation of the clavicle are:
- Excruciating pain in the collarbone and shoulder after injury;
- Reduced sensitivity in the shoulder;
- Severe pain when trying to move my arm or hand from a sprained clavicle;
- Appreciable deformation of joints, in which the clavicle is connected to the other bone;
- Soreness of the skin of the dislocated joint;
- Swelling and / or bruising in the area of dislocation;
- Numbness or paralysis of hands by the dislocation caused by the pressure of the displaced bone to blood vessels and / or nerves.
Any sign of dislocation of the clavicle should seek medical advice. Try not to eat anything before you will have medical care. Eating solid foods increase the likelihood of vomiting during reduction of dislocation, especially if it will be carried out with the use of anesthesia.
Diagnostics
Often diagnosed dislocation of the clavicle can be based on the existing symptoms of the patient and the story of how the injury was received. The medical examination is carried out to prevent possible damage to the nerves and blood vessels. This must be done to reposition the dislocated collarbone. During diagnostics also make X-rays to make sure that the patient does not have a fracture.
Treatment
After the necessary diagnostic procedures reduce a dislocation of the doctor, using the method of closed reduction. This is done quickly, but can cause severe pain, so during the procedure may be used for topical anesthesia.
On the first day after the dislocation of the patient is recommended to make regular cold compresses - it will reduce the pain and swelling, relieve inflammation. When these symptoms will be more effective will be hot compresses.
Generally, patients who have had a dislocated collarbone, recovered very quickly and without complications. As long as you do not recover completely, avoid contact kinds of varieties and any activities in which the possibility of significant pressure on the shoulder joint.
Anatomy and Physiology of clavicle
Clavicle - a tubular bone bath small, slightly curved. It is the link between the sternum and scapula, uniting them in the shoulder girdle. The clavicle has two joints: sternoclavicular inner and outer scapuloclavicular. Outside joint connects the clavicle to the scapula in a way that allows you to store blade in position, do not hesitate to hand movements. At the same time it does not allow the articulation arm to the chest, allowing her to free movement and protecting the axillary region located here close to the neurovascular bundle. After clavicle movement of the hand passed around the skeleton. The peculiar structure of the clavicle is that unlike other bones it has within the bone marrow.
Dislocation of the inner end of the clavicle
Dislocation internal sternoclavicular end of the clavicle is mainly under the influence of indirect injury. This can happen gap surrounding this joint ligaments (sternoclavicular and clavicular-rib). If cleidocostal bundle is not broken and remains fixed, then there is subluxation.
By the way shifts the inner end of the sternum, dislocations are divided into presternal, infrasternal and retrosternal. Presternal dislocation is characterized by symmetry violation sternoclavicular joint: on the injured side of the inner end of the clavicle protrudes above the sternum, causing a shortening of the shoulder girdle. Shortening girdle even more pronounced with retrosternal dislocation. At the same time, probing the place of dislocation, can reveal retraction in the sternoclavicular joint. With all kinds of contortions the inner end of the clavicle appears sharp pain that restricts all movement in his hand.
Diagnosis is based on medical examination and confirmed by X-ray examination. Treatment of sprains
Dislocation - Prevention and Treatment
the inner end of the clavicle surgery alone. It carried out the operation, during which overlaps the seam between the sternum and clavicle, followed by additional fixation joint special metal structures to the first rib.
Dislocation of the outer end of the collarbone
Dislocation of the outer end of the clavicle, which articulates with the scapula, as is indirect. It usually occurs in the fall on the back-outer surface of the shoulder joint. By the degree of damage to the ligaments surrounding the joint sprains of the outer end of the clavicle is divided into complete and incomplete.
With a partial dislocation (subluxation) Only damaged scapula-clavicular ligament. Signs of partial dislocation: a slight protrusion of the outer end of the clavicle, pain in the scapular-clavicular joint with hand movement and palpation of the area (sometimes the pain of subluxation are even stronger than the complete dislocation), positive symptom of "keys" (with pressure on the outer end he plunges into the clavicle, and then again above the surface).
At full dislocation torn scapuloclavicular and rostral-clavicular (collar bone connects to the coracoid blades) ligament. Signs outdoor full dislocation of the clavicle: step-like protrusion of the outer end of the collarbone in conjunction with a shortening of the shoulder girdle, a positive sign "keys" and the mobility of the outer end of the collarbone (the possibility of bias in the anteroposterior direction). After a few days in this area you can see a bruise.
Diagnosis of external subluxation and dislocation of the collarbone to deliver a complete easy, because it has the characteristic features. He confirmed the data of X-ray studies. The picture is always in a vertical position of the victim. The main goal of this study - to distinguish a subluxation of the total dislocation.
Treatment as subluxations and dislocations of the outer end of the clavicle often random. The problem is that to keep the outer end of the clavicle in the reduction condition is extremely difficult, despite the numerous ways of fixing bandages and tires. All of the currently available methods for fixing the collarbone (especially when it is full outer dislocation) is usually ineffective in the future will still have to resort to surgery.
Incomplete dislocation stapling operation is conducted torn ligament scapuloclavicular with subsequent fixation joint special metal structure.
At full dislocation of the outer end of the collarbone produce its reduction expeditious way, and then cross a torn ligament and strengthen joint metal structures. After surgery, the arm is fixed a special outlet bus for a period of 4-5 weeks. Almost slice after the operation is assigned to physiotherapy for injured arm. The metal structure is removed by surgery after 6-7 weeks after surgery.
Dislocation of the clavicle - a painful injury.
Galina Romanenko
