Cystitis - a disease in which inflamed bladder mucosa. Women are found with the disease more often and notice that cystitis Cystitis: urgently take action   and sexual life are linked. This is due to some peculiarities of the anatomical structure and location of the urethra (the urethra).

Cystitis - disease honeymoon

Signs of the disease occurs in many women who are sexually active. Previously called honeymoon cystitis, inflammation of the bladder Inflammation of the bladder - inconvenient and unpleasant   after the first sexual contact. Now, this term refers to a disease that is associated with sexual life. Postcoital cystitis - another name of this unpleasant disease.

Signs of inflammation of the bladder occur immediately after sex, or after one or two days after it. Lower abdominal discomfort occurs, sometimes slightly increased body temperature.

Woman worried about frequent urination, it becomes painful and is accompanied by sharp pains. In the urine of an admixture of blood, which is usually released at the end of urination.

Why after sex can occur cystitis

The urethra in women is wider and much shorter than those of men. Because of this infection from the rectum or external genitalia easily gets into the urethra, and then is stored in the bladder. The likelihood of developing cystitis increases significantly if a woman has an external opening of the urethra is lower than normal, or even in the wall of the vagina. At the same time during sex, greatly irritated the urethra, the mucous membrane is damaged it. Amid such changes pathogens can cause inflammation there and then move into the bladder.

Also cystitis develops when there is insufficient personal hygiene, because of what the bacteria from the rectum or external genitalia is easy to fall into the bladder. Reproduction of microorganisms contribute to the use of spermicides as a contraceptive and microdamages urethral mucosa that occur during prolonged intercourse when insufficient lubrication.

Most often the disease develops in contact with the bladder opportunistic pathogens. These include bacteria that normally live on the skin and mucous membranes (vagina, intestine, urethra, mouth). These microbes cause inflammatory reactions only in certain cases.

In most cases, the cause of the disease becomes E. coli. This bacterium is a normal inhabitant of the human intestine. Because of a close relative position of the rectum and the vagina E. coli is on the skin of the perineum, even with personal hygiene. This microorganism has special outgrowths that facilitate its attachment to the mucous membrane of the urinary tract. Due to this short bacterium through the urethra into the bladder, it adheres to the wall and cause inflammation.

Staphylococcus, Proteus and Klebsiella - microorganisms that can also cause cystitis. But it occurs less frequently.

Often cystitis develops against the backdrop of changes in the normal vaginal flora. It is influenced by various factors: stress, hypothermia, hormonal disorders, pregnancy or after the cancellation of oral contraceptives. If among the flora is dominated by fungi genus Candida, the developing candidiasis (thrush). As the number of gardnerellas vaginosis occurs. The normal vaginal flora is also changed, if joined any genital infection (ureaplasmosis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis).

Diagnostics

When the symptoms are similar to symptoms of cystitis Cystitis - symptoms: spasms, cramps and discomfort You need to go to the urologist. Usually after sex cystitis is a chronic disease, therefore the most complete examination of the patient include:

• General urine analysis;
• Microbiological examination of urine;
• Gynaecological examination (examination of a specialist doctor, a study of the microflora of the vagina swabs for infections, sexually transmitted);
• Cystoscopy (examination method in which using a special device inside visiting the bladder);
• Ultrasound of the kidneys;
• X-ray examination of the upper urinary tract and kidneys.

These methods allow a correct diagnosis and to identify the causative agent. Treatment can begin only after that.

Treatment

For the destruction of pathogens appointed antibiotics. Also held instillation (injection of drugs) of the bladder. These procedures were performed course, the duration of which depends on the severity of inflammation.

Physical therapy - an important component of the treatment, which improves blood flow to the bladder wall, and has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. As an aid, but no less important method used phytotherapy Phytotherapy and menopause - without the side effects   (treatment decoctions or infusions of herbs).

If cystitis occurs because of anatomical abnormalities, then perform a transposition of the urethra. With this operation, the external urethral opening is moved and the likelihood of infection in the bladder is significantly reduced.

If necessary, you need to restore the normal microflora of the vagina. If a woman identified genital infection required treatment of these diseases.

In the period of acute cystitis should stop sex life. This is required for the following reasons:

• Sexual intercourse causes blood flow to the pelvic organs, which is why symptoms of the disease are likely to worsen, and the treatment will be ineffective;
• During sex in the background is not cured cystitis possible reintroduction of bacteria in the bladder, leading to a deterioration of women.

At the end of a course of antibiotic treatment can return to sexual activity. It is necessary to strictly observe the rules of hygiene, and continue treatment.

Chronic cystitis Cystitis: urgently take action   It occurs on or after the treated properly acute cystitis (but for this, as a rule, a person must have immunity disorders), or in violation of the outflow of urine from the bladder. Treatment of such cystitis can be carried out only on the basis of a full examination and after the correct diagnosis.

What is chronic cystitis and why it occurs

Chronic cystitis - a chronic inflammation of the bladder wall, which extends deeper into the mucosa and is accompanied by a dysfunction of the bladder.

Bladder mucosa has excellent resilience, so acute cystitis Acute cystitis: Treat treated responsibly   often goes without treatment or the treatment of folk remedies. But if the person is lowered immunity, any acute inflammatory process, including in the bladder can become chronic. Contribute to chronic inflammation in the urinary bladder and the various obstacles that prevent bladder promptly released. For example, a narrowing of the urethra (urethritis) or squeezing it enlarged prostate when it is inflamed or sprawl. Stagnation of urine in the bladder can also occur in rare urination, when a person suffers to last until his bladder is full. This helps to reduce muscle tone of the bladder and deposited on the mucosa of a large number of bacteria.

In addition, there has recently been a tendency to prolonged sluggish inflammatory diseases associated with a large spread of self-treatment. The patient begins to make their own antibiotics, the symptoms pass quickly, but the process is still not cured or for too short a course and incorrect dosage of the drug or because of immunity to infectious agents take antibiotics. After some time, the disease starts worsening again, and it is more difficult to treat.

In most cases, cystitis affects women, but it is found in men, which is, as a rule, with different diseases of the prostate. Almost always, chronic cystitis associated with infection (E. coli, staphylococci, fungi, viruses, protozoa). Often the cause of chronic cystitis are infection, sexually transmitted infections, which then has joined nonspecific bacterial infection.

How it is manifested chronic cystitis

Chronic cystitis can occur latent (hidden). At the same time signs of the disease (including laboratory) may not be entirely or they periodically appear 1-2 times a year and occur as acute or subacute (less pronounced than acute) process. The presence of latent flow can be confirmed only by endoscopy - cystoscopy. There is the usual chronic cystitis (persistent) is easy to detect the presence of the respective patient complaints and changes in urine. Is interstitial cystitis Interstitial cystitis - inflammation of the bladder Which manifested severe pain and urinary disorders.

The nature and depth of the changes of the bladder wall chronic cystitis is divided into catarrhal, ulcerative, polypoid, cystic, necrotic and some other species.

During exacerbation of chronic cystitis occurs as acute: there are frequent painful urination, lower abdominal pain Abdominal pain: when to sound the alarm? Sometimes - Blood in the urine. Beyond acute symptoms of the disease may not be, but in deep lesions of the bladder wall of patients with persistent pain and worries private imperious urge to urinate. Pain often caused or aggravated by urinating. This is due to the stretching of the bladder wall, and irritation of the nerve endings.

Diagnosis of chronic cystitis

It will help in the correct diagnosis of a thorough questioning of the patient with specification of the nature of complaints, beginning and course of the disease. After that, the doctor prescribes examination of the patient:

• CBC, immunogram;
• urine: general and Nechiporenko;
• microbiological examination of urine for detection of bacterial flora and its sensitivity to antibacterial agents;
• ultrasound of the urinary organs;
• if you suspect the presence of obstructions in the urinary tract to the flow of urine is performed radiography of the kidneys and urinary tract;
• endoscopic examination of the bladder - cystoscopy.

Treatment and prevention of chronic cystitis

Treatment of chronic cystitis appointed only after a complete examination and identification of susceptibility to infection antibibakterialnym drugs. Antibiotics also prescribe a course of cure under laboratory control.

Patients are encouraged to drink plenty of liquids - it helps to remove the body from bacteria and their metabolic products. The diet of the patient with chronic cystitis should exclude all foods that irritate the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder: spicy, sour, smoked, canned, fried foods and salty foods that contribute to fluid retention.

Since chronic cystitis often have impaired immunity, always appointed by the first blood test to detect violations of immunity (immunogram), and then the correction of violations.

In chronic cystitis commonly assigned and topical treatment of instillation (instillation) antimicrobial agents, e.g., diokskidina solution or silver nitrate. In order to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles is assigned to physiotherapy and to improve blood circulation in this area - physiotherapy.

Treatment of chronic cystitis requires careful implementation of all medical appointments.

Galina Romanenko