Coffee - one of the most popular drinks in the world, but during pregnancy drink may be not the most helpful. Ideally, the entire period of pregnancy caffeine (which contain, inter alia, in coffee) recommended limit.

What you should know about caffeine

Caffeine - natural stimulant and a diuretic. As a natural stimulant, caffeine increases blood pressure Blood pressure - dangerous if his swing?   and causes increased heart rate, which during pregnancy is not recommended. In addition, caffeine leads to frequent urination.

Caffeine easily penetrates through the placenta to the baby. At the same time you drink coffee and your baby - and if the body of an adult can easily stand the effects of caffeine, it is not formed until the end of the baby its action carries with difficulty. This means that the stimulating effect of caffeine your child may feel well before birth.

Caffeine is found not only in coffee. Caffeine is found not only in coffee but also in tea, some soft drinks, chocolate and even certain medications (such as some medicines for headaches).

Caffeine can cause birth defects in the child

Numerous animal studies have shown that caffeine can lead to birth defects, premature birth cause, increase the risk of too low birth weight and other problems. Although similar studies in humans have not been conducted, the potential risks of drinking coffee and other caffeinated beverages should know, preparing for the birth of a child. In addition, some studies have shown a link between the consumption of large amounts of caffeine and the inability to conceive Conception, ovarian cycle, fertilization and genetics of a child .

Caffeine can cause miscarriage

Several independent medical studies have confirmed the increased risk of miscarriage Miscarriage - can you protect yourself from it?   when consuming large amounts of caffeine. It is believed that women who consume two or more milligrams of caffeine a day, the risk of miscarriage is twice higher than in women who do not consume coffee and other caffeinated beverages. Thus, if we refuse to drink, you can not, should, at least, limit the amount of coffee drunk daily. Keep in mind that one cup of coffee (instant, not ground) contains ninety-two hundred milligrams of caffeine in one cup of tea - the thirty-seventy milligrams of caffeine, while a cup of soda - from thirty to forty-five milligrams of caffeine.

Small amounts of caffeine is harmless

The medical community says that small amounts of caffeine in coffee and other beverages, has no negative impact on the normal course of pregnancy. Therefore a day can safely consume one hundred and fifty - three hundred milligrams of caffeine. In general, the less caffeine you drink, the better.

The fetus develops in the water area, which is surrounded by a shell of water or amnion. Amniotic fluid play an important role in the development and future of the child. They provide him freedom of movement, protection against infectious agents and external factors (injuries, blows in the stomach), and also contribute to the functioning of the excretory system of the fetus and the metabolism. But under the influence of unfavorable factors of the volume of amniotic fluid may increase, leading to high water or fall (oligohydramnios). Polyhydramnios adverse impact on women's health and the condition of the fetus and complicates the course of pregnancy and childbirth.

What is polyhydramnios

About hydramnion say, when the amount of amniotic fluid is much higher than normal. The amount of amniotic fluid changes throughout pregnancy. Thus, when the term of ten weeks the amount of water is 30 ml, and by the end of pregnancy is 1-1, 5 liters. Increased amniotic fluid in pregnancy 38-40 weeks to two liters evidence of polyhydramnios.

Reasons polyhydramnios

The reasons that lead to the development of polyhydramnios, diverse and currently not fully understood. The main factors that cause polyhydramnios are:

• bacterial and viral infections during pregnancy or before conception (especially rubella);
• diseases associated with metabolism Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things   (diabetes, the pathological processes of the urinary and biliary systems);
• diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• congenital malformations of the fetus (abnormalities of the central nervous system, digestive tract, chromosomal and genetic disorders);
• immunological incompatibility between mother and fetus (Rh-conflict pregnancy);
• multiple pregnancy (often accompanied by polyhydramnios one fruit and another oligohydramnios).

Clinical manifestations of polyhydramnios

Polyhydramnios classified according to the severity of symptoms (mild, moderate and severe) and course (acute and chronic).

• Acute polyhydramnios

Develops quickly and is accompanied by a sharp increase in amniotic fluid for several hours. Acute polyhydramnios usually occurs in the second trimester of pregnancy (in terms of 16-24 weeks of pregnancy) and is accompanied by pronounced symptoms.

• Chronic polyhydramnios

The current long-term chronic polyhydramnios, amniotic fluid volume increases gradually, the clinical manifestations are expressed moderately. Chronic polyhydramnios often occurs in later stages of pregnancy (33-35 weeks).

The main symptoms of polyhydramnios include increasing the size of the stomach, and their gestational age discrepancy (increased waist circumference and height of standing uterus) often observed bulging of navel. Palpation Uterus tense tugoelastichnoy consistency. Also, there are pains in the abdomen Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms   and lower back due to the increased load on the spine. Overstretched uterus puts pressure on adjacent organs and lifts up the diaphragm, which is accompanied by the appearance of shortness of breath and blood circulation disorders (tachycardia, palpitations, fatigue). Furthermore, as a result of impaired blood flow increases the load on the veins of the lower extremities and perineum, which leads to the development of varicose veins. The pressure of the uterus on the intestines and bladder Urinary bladder - structure and function   It causes frequent urination and bowel function disorders.

On palpation the abdomen is determined by distinct gurgle of the fruit palpated with difficulty, muffled or dull heartbeat. Due to the increase of the space intrauterine fetus it is often in the wrong position (breech, transverse) and often it changes. With the development of infection in the mother at high risk of intrauterine infection of the fetus, and, accordingly, the development of fetal malformations. In turn, intrauterine fetal abnormalities often lead to polyhydramnios. If polyhydramnios develops in the rhesus, is evidence of the deterioration of the fruit.

One-third of women in polyhydramnios marked vomiting and threatened miscarriage. Due to the large belly appear on the skin striae (stretch marks of pregnancy). Most pregnancies with polyhydramnios ends in miscarriage or premature birth Miscarriage - can you protect yourself from it? .

Treatment polyhydramnios

Polyhydramnios Treatment depends on the cause. Women with acute or severe polyhydramnios admitted to hospital. Appointed by means of improving placental blood flow (pentoxifylline, piracetam), antispasmodics (no-spa, papaverine), tocolytics (partusisten, ginipral), vitamins. In severe cases, amniocentesis (fetal bladder puncture and evacuation of the amniotic fluid).

Anna Sozinova