Igroterapiya - it is part of the overall picture of what happens to a man. An important part, but, nevertheless, a large component of the process, and the only way it can be evaluated. There are other areas in which to work therapist or his colleagues. Since most of the objects of such therapy are children, it is important to have been involved in it and adults from their immediate environment.

In therapy for children of all ages - from 0 to 100+ years

Igroterapiya techniques can be quite easily adapted to the needs of adults and their "inner child." For example, many therapists noticed that adults who sessions on a regular basis are building something out of the sand or play other games typical of young children, the improvement is faster than using only talk therapy. Adaptation should be carried out according to the age groups, but in general, the game is an excellent tool for the momentum of creativity and freedom of thought, which is necessary for effective treatment. Traditionally it is believed that the therapeutic effect igroterapiya may be noticeable in children older than three years, but some doctors are already moving away from the standard, offering treatment younger children.

Avoid rules

All areas related to the study and treatment of mental disorders, is still very young. General modern approach to their treatment barely a hundred years old, and therapy aimed at the treatment of children, even less, so the statement that any method is good, because "tested by many generations of specialists" are not justified. Top experts in the field are most open to experiments and igroterapiya - a type of treatment that involves constant experimentation.

The history of the emergence and development igroterapiya

• 1919 - Hermine Hug-Hellmuth was the first physician who used igroterapiya for the treatment of children. 5 years later, she was killed by her nephew eighteen, who according to some sources, it was also a customer. This has caused the medical community intense discussion on the need for water is very responsible approach to experiments in the field of psychotherapeutic work with children.
• 1932 - Melanie Klein integrated the game in their sessions to make them more appealing to children and help them feel more comfortable. Later it developed structural igroterapiya - in this approach, the game is directly used as a substitute for words. The formation of this method is affected by psychoanalytic doctrine and, at least in part, the conviction cathartic value of the game.
• 1936 - Otto Rank described the importance of so-called "trauma of birth" in human development. Many therapists have used this theory, developing their own approaches to igroterapiya. The concept of the birth trauma led to their conviction of the need to create for the child a sense of security during igroterapiya. In this approach, special attention was paid to the relationship of the patient and the therapist, and the value of past events more resplendence. Influence of Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis from it to the superego   at this stage it was still very strong.
• 1938 - there was a so-called play therapy wagering designed to work with children who have borne the specific injury. During this therapy the physician with the game trying to cause a child the same experiences that were with him at the time of the injury, as well as those that it then for some reason, had to hold back. In the same year it was developed active igroterapiya, which was used in a very impulsive children. It was believed that if you give a child the opportunity to express through the game fear, anger and other emotions are very strong Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code Then gradually get better and the child's behavior becomes more socially acceptable.

In subsequent years igroterapiya became more directed, that is, there were specific methods for the resolution of specific problems. In igroterapiya began to use painting, music, various relaxation techniques Relaxation and stress - calm, not panic! .

Today one of the most important components igroterapiya is to establish the boundaries acceptable. The child, who did not limit, feels a sense of insecurity and can not be fully trusted adult. This does not mean that it is necessary to set strict limits that prevent development. Restrictions should be as small as possible, but as much as necessary.

From the point of view of some experts, the phrase "educational games for children" sounds like "oil oil". People who work with children know that the baby is developing in the course of any game - he did, unlike adults, do not do anything mindless, intended just for fun, as though his actions may seem from the outside. However, some games are really develop a child's intelligence is particularly intense; they should not impose on the child, but if you just ask them to play together, it is unlikely to refuse.

Obstacle

It could become the first developing the game for a child who has just started to crawl. Spoon on his way various obstacles - pillows, phone books, large soft toys, and so on. Overcoming such them, the child develops cognitive and gross motor function. Carefully choose a safe obstacles and make sure that in the way the child was not fragile and valuable items, and sleeping cats and dogs.

Classic games

Many classic games that a child familiar to us and our parents and grandparents, according to experts, well develop a child's intelligence. For example, conventional and hide and seek game in which one person hides an object, and the other - looking, develop observation, attention, and many other important qualities. Blind Man's Bluff - another great game that teaches the child to navigate in space, rather than relying on sight. Zhmurok option is a guessing game blindfolded subjects: the child is blindfolded, put in front of him a few items, and offer to call them, relying only on the tactile sensations.

Great game for the development of memory The development of memory - Play wizard   and concentration: one person puts on the table a few items, it leads to the child and gives him a look at them for 20-30 seconds (this period can be changed taking into account the abilities of the child). The child then turns away, put on the table one more thing, and the child must determine what exactly was not on the table before. The number of items can be increased, increasing the difficulty level of the game. Alternatively, you can offer your child to name objects from memory after he looked at them for thirty seconds.

Identify the similarities and differences, the development of memory

Categorization - a very important feature of human intelligence. Therefore, the developing of games a lot of those that are designed to teach children how to share objects on the basis of certain characteristics. Children under three years can be offered to split blocks by color: blue - a blue, green - to green, and so on. Small children can also classify objects according to their shape or size. Children older than 3-4 years it is possible to offer a game for the development of memory are laid out on the table playing cards "face" up. The child turns two cards at a time. If they have the same color, they take them, and gives way to another player. If not, he has to remember where are the cards of the suit that the next time flip the cards of the same suit. The winner is the one who gets more cards - and therefore the one with the memory better developed.

In these games you can play anywhere. When you go to the store, ask your child to look for products where a particular color - for example, purple (plum, eggplant), but you can search for objects of some form in your home - round, triangular, pentagonal. It is perfectly develops observation and concentration.

Game animals

This game develops the imagination, memory and many other brain functions. The rules are simple: parents call an animal, and the child has to mimic his behavior. Then, parents say: "It was night! "And" animal "asleep. It wakes up when called the next animal. This game can be many variations, but the essence is the same - children learn to highlight the main characteristics of the animals and to imitate them.

Measurements

Using a variety of objects and concepts, teach your child to measure. You can start with tape measures, but then the game should be broadened. For example, offer the child to calculate how many minutes and seconds in a day (of course, you have to help him), how many minutes and seconds of your last trip, how many months, weeks and hours have passed since the birth of the child, and so on. In the autumn, when you are with a child lying on the grass in the garden, ask him to measure his height and your apples (apples lay out a column next to a lay person). Determine how many wooden blocks across your sofa, and how many blocks high - refrigerator. Use different objects and new measures of length and volume - it not only helps to develop mathematical ability, but also allows the child to go beyond the conventional measurement systems, to look at ordinary things from an unusual angle.

Familiarity with scents

When you are with your child in the kitchen, let him smell the different spices - cinnamon, mint Mint and its useful properties: aromatic freshness , Vanilla, cumin, cloves Carnation: exquisite aromatherapy , Nutmeg, and so on. Tell him the names of all these spices. Then ask them to close their eyes and identify the name of the spices by smell alone. This game will be particularly useful if you have a large collection of kitchen spices. In the game you can turn the smell of food, cosmetics, and even herbs to distinguish which is quite difficult.