Cardiomagnyl - a drug that protects the body against thrombosis and thromboembolism, which complicate the course of many diseases, and are often a cause of death of patients. Such diseases include, first of all, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease.

The mechanism of action cardiomagnyl

The composition of the combined medicament cardiomagnyl includes acetylsalicylic acid and magnesium hydroxide. Produces cardiomagnil pharmaceutical company Nycomed (Denmark) tablets in the shape of hearts, film-coated. Available in two types of pills with different dosage. Low dosage tablets contain 75 mg of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and 15 of 2 mg of magnesium hydroxide. In tablets, the dosage contains more 150 mg of acetylsalicylic acid and 30, 39 mg of magnesium hydroxide. Both types of pills available in dark glass bottles for a hundred pieces.

Part of the cardiomagnyl Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which reduces inflammation, pain, fever. But this purpose aspirin used in high doses (for comparison: aspirin for adults contain 500 mg of active substance and on a tablet taken four times a day). In kardiomagnile aspirin is used as antiplatelet, it is a means of preventing platelets from sticking together and form blood clots. It is used not more than one tablet per day for a long time.

At the heart of all the action of NSAIDs is the ability to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins - substances that perform multiple functions in the body. In particular they are active participants in the inflammatory process. Aspirin inhibits the action of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), involved in the formation of prostaglandins, preventing thus the inflammatory process.

Furthermore, inhibition of COX leads to an action that is blocked by the formation of platelets of biologically active substance - of thromboxane A2, which activates the platelets, and their bonding (aggregation), constricts blood vessels.

But Cox also serves as protection of the gastric mucosa from exposure to chemicals. Destruction of COX leads to the formation of ulcers and erosions in the stomach wall. In order to prevent such damage and to protect the gastric mucosa in cardiomagnyl composition includes magnesium hydroxide.

Indications and contraindications for the appointment cardiomagnyl

Cardiomagnyl used for prophylactic purposes:

• for the prevention of severe cardiovascular disease, thrombosis Thrombosis - the cause of heart attack and stroke   and acute heart failure in patients with obesity, impaired lipid metabolism, diabetes mellitus Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease Having consistently high blood pressure; risk group also includes the elderly and smokers;
• to prevent recurrent thrombosis and myocardial infarctions;
• for the prevention of myocardial infarction with frequent hardly compensated strokes (unstable angina);
• for the prevention of thrombosis after surgical operations on blood vessels.

Contraindications for use cardiomagnyl are:

• haemorrhagic stroke - rupture of the vessel of the brain;
• increased bleeding - a violation of blood clotting;
• bouts of bronchospasm in patients receiving aspirin - "Aspirin asthma";
• gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer in the acute stage;
• bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract;
• severe renal impairment;
• congenital enzyme deficiency - deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
• cardiomagnyl reception together with methotrexate - a drug to inhibit the growth of malignant tumors;
• pregnancy; in the first and third trimesters of aspirin can not be used in the second - only for health prescribed by a doctor;
• breast-feeding;
• age 18 years;
• individual intolerance of components.

Be wary appoint cardiomagnil gout Gout - the "disease of kings" , The presence in the past of erosive and ulcerative changes or bleeding in the stomach and intestines, renal dysfunction and liver, asthma, allergic rhinitis, polyps in the nasal cavity.

Side effects

In applying cardiomagnyl, the following side effects:

• allergic reactions - are fairly common;
• from the gastrointestinal tract - heartburn, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenal ulcers, bleeding from the stomach and intestines;
• from the liver - a transient dysfunction;
• by the bronchopulmonary system - bronchospasm attacks;
• from the blood - clotting disorders, anemia, decreased white blood cell count, especially granular and platelets;
• the central nervous system - dizziness Dizziness - if the ground is slipping from under his feet , Headache, drowsiness or insomnia, tinnitus, hemorrhagic strokes.

Cardiomagnyl today is often prescribed to prevent thrombosis.

Galina Romanenko

Pacemaker - a small device the size of a pocket watch, which is set under the skin near the heart to control heart rhythm. It may be necessary for several reasons, mainly due to arrhythmia Arrhythmia - when we hear your heart .

The pacemaker can be implanted temporarily, such as slow heartbeat after a heart attack Heart disease and heart attacks: that every woman should know , Surgery or drug overdose. Permanent pacemaker implantation may be necessary when bradycardia Bradycardia - when the heart stops ; In some cases, it is used to treat heart failure Heart failure - when the heart is unable to cope with the work .

A pacemaker consists of a pulse generator - the metal container, which contains the battery and the circuit regulating the electrical pulses that are sent to the heart, and guides, which pulses are delivered to the heart. The device monitors the heart rhythm and, if it becomes too slow, accelerate, sending electrical signals in the heart. In addition, most pacemakers are equipped with sensors that determine the degree of mobility of the body or the breathing rate to increase heart rate during exercise to meet the increasing with the body's need for oxygen.

Besides the usual, there are biventricular pacemakers, which are used to treat patients with heart failure, the electrical system of the heart which is badly damaged. Unlike conventional pacemakers, biventricular pacemakers and stimulate the lower and upper chambers of the heart.

Risks

Implantation of a pacemaker is rarely causes complications. However, there is a small risk of the following complications:

• Infection;
• An allergic reaction to dyes or anesthetic - during the procedure;
• Swelling or bleeding in the implantation of the generator, especially if the patient is taking blood thinners;
• Damage to blood vessels and nerves near the pacemaker;
• The collapse of the lung;
• Puncture of the heart muscle, which can lead to hemorrhage into the pericardium, in which needs urgent medical care.

Pacemaker implantation

A pacemaker is usually implanted under local anesthesia. The procedure lasts one to two hours.

In the course of the procedure in a large vein in the area of ​​the collarbone introduce flexible insulated wire that, when X-rays are promoting to the heart. One end of the wire is attached to the right ventricle and the other - to the pulse generator which is usually implanted under the skin just below the clavicle.

Often, another wire is attached to the right atrium of the heart that was better coordinated.

Typically, after the procedure the patient spends in the hospital for at least one day. The pacemaker was programmed in accordance with the characteristics of the patient. After some time, the patient should be examined to make sure that the pacemaker is working properly.

For about a month after the installation of a pacemaker are advised to avoid intense exercise and weight lifting. At first, patients sometimes feel pain in the generator. As a rule, the pain slightly, and can be removed with a non-prescription pain medications, but consult your doctor before taking any medicines.

Safety measures

The likelihood of a pacemaker fails due to electrical noise, very small, but you should take some precautions.

• Cell phones. People who implanted pacemakers can safely use mobile phones, but do not put the phone is directly to the place where there is a generator. Although it is unlikely, a pacemaker may receive mobile phone signals for heart rate and slow it down, causing the patient's sudden weakness and other unpleasant symptoms.
• Security systems. Metal detectors that are at airports and other places are safe for a pacemaker, but avoid to lean against him. Keep in mind that the metal detectors react to pacemakers. If the airport staff insists on using hand-held metal detector, have not use it too close to the generator. To avoid potential problems, carry a document certifying that you have is a pacemaker.
• Medical equipment. If you have to any procedure that involves the exposure of electromagnetic radiation, let the medical staff that you were implanted with a pacemaker.
• Power equipment. If you have a pacemaker implanted, do not approach closer than one meter to welding equipment, high-voltage transformer or motor-generator set. People working with this equipment, get a separate consultation.

results

A pacemaker is an average of ten years after implantation - such time lacks power. It allows the patient to maintain the usual quality of life, so people almost do not notice that in their body there is something alien. When the charge in the battery is about to end, the pulse generator must be replaced. Since the wire is usually not touched, this procedure takes less time than the first implantation.