Laktofiltrum - a combined preparation, which consists of two substances that have only local impact - in the intestinal lumen. Systemic exposure to the drug is not provided, since it is not absorbed into the bloodstream, and therefore this preparation contraindications small.

Contraindications any drug substance derived from the mechanism of its action, which consists of the influence on the gastro-intestinal tract of the two substances. The first ingredient is lignin - it is made from wood by its special processing and rich in fiber. Cellulose is fibers which do not decompose in the intestine, but simply pass through the gastro-intestinal tract, collecting all toxic substances, decomposition products to improper food, bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. At the same time, lignin improves locomotor activity (peristalsis) of the bowel).

In order not to hurt the natural intestinal flora, which is essential for digestion and synthesis of certain vitamins, lactulose present laktofiltrum - synthetic sugar consisting of galactose and fructose residues. Decomposing under the action of digestive enzymes in the intestine, lactulose allocates organic acid and becomes food for beneficial bacteria, mainly bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. The resulting acidic environment in the intestine and the presence of additional nutrients contribute to improving the livelihoods of beneficial microflora. However, in an acidic medium uncomfortable pathogenic microflora, therefore it decreases in volume. Lactulose as well as lignin, improves bowel motility.

Why laktofiltrum contraindicated in intestinal obstruction

Obstruction of the bowel may be different. The cause may be congestion of stool, volvulus, the insertion of one part of the intestine into another (intussusception) and so on. As long as it is established that it was the cause of intestinal obstruction, treatments are usually not carried out. Clarifies diagnosis using X-ray studies.

Therefore, in cases of suspected bowel obstruction can not on their own without a doctor's prescription to take any kind of drugs were, including tablets laktofiltrum. After his admission may increase (or, conversely, dramatically decrease) motor activity of the intestine, and if the cause of the disease is a volvulus or intussusception, the patient may rapidly deteriorate.

Why laktofiltrum contraindicated in acute gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer

The structure includes laktofiltrum specially treated fiber wood (lignin), which is passed as a broom on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, sweeping out all the superfluous and unnecessary.

In healthy mucosa is having a positive impact, but in the area of ​​ulcers and erosions lignin can be irritating, it can also stay in the niche ulcer, providing even greater irritation and worsening of the disease.

Therefore, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer latofiltrum contraindicated.

Why laktofiltrum contraindicated in bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract

Bleeding from stomach and intestinal ulcers generally develop at or tumoral processes in this area, by breakage mucosa by swallowing sharp objects.

When bleeding into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract and blood vessels gape to easily penetrate foreign particles, causing thrombosis and embolism Thromboembolism: severe complications   - Blockage of the lumen, thrombus detachment and the journey of his circulatory system, followed by long-term blockage of blood vessels. In this regard, taking laktofiltrum with suspected gastrointestinal bleeding contraindicated.

Other contraindications for admission

Contraindications laktofiltrum is an individual intolerance of components, which can manifest itself in a variety of allergic reactions.

Another contra - galactosemia. It is an inherited metabolic disorder Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things In which galactose can be converted into glucose Glucose: The energy source   due to lack of certain enzymes, resulting in the entire adopted galactose accumulates in the blood (galactosemia), causing metabolic Metabolic disorders: acquired and inherited - whether between RA . Such a child at birth should not receive products containing galactose, including milk. The composition of lactulose and galactose residues are included, apparently, they still are partially absorbed into the blood stream and can cause metabolic disorders.

With caution is prescribed for laktofiltrum atonia (sluggish peristalsis) of the intestine, as in some cases it may not enhance, but rather to suppress intestinal motility, which is why constipation increase.

The manufacturer has not provided information about the action laktofiltrum pregnant women, nursing mothers and children under one year, this cohort of patients laktofiltrum can appoint a doctor.

Galina Romanenko

The dosage form of papaverine in rectal suppositories are often used to relieve cramps and pain, especially in the pelvic organs. But just as quickly and efficiently candles with papaverine may remove the pain and spasms in the gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, pancreas Diabetes and pancreas - the things you need to know .

Features of action of papaverine in the candlelight

Rectal suppositories papaverine produced a smaller dosage than tablets: each suppository contains 0, 02 g of active principle. Introduced into the rectum, candles are much faster and more efficiently than ingested pills of this drug. When the temperature of the human body candle melts quickly, and its active substance (papaverine) is rapidly absorbed into the blood, because the rectum is surrounded by a dense network of capillaries. After entering the bloodstream quickly papaverine is delivered to the tissues and has a local effect on the smooth muscle cells.

In order to relieve spasms of smooth muscle, papaverine inhibits the action of phosphodiesterase (PDE - now established that there are at least five) - degrading enzymes cyclic mononucleotides - special substances which promote the compound in the muscle cells of two proteins - actin and myosin. When connecting these proteins obtained actomyosin, which plays a key role in the creation of motion. Papaverine breaks this chain and inhibits motor activity of smooth muscle fibers, thus removing spasm.

Rectal suppositories applied certainly less convenient than tablets, however, they are faster acting and more effective, so are widely used in clinical practice.

When and how to apply rectal suppositories papaverine

Rectal suppositories papaverine especially widely used in obstetric and gynecological and urological practice. They are often (along with pills shpy, which also have antispasmodic effect) is used during pregnancy to relieve spasms of smooth muscles of the uterus. Some women, despite the ease of use of tablets shpy prefer to use it with a rectal suppository papaverine as during pregnancy disturbs many persistent nausea.

In the treatment of gynecological and urological diseases papaverine administered as part of a treatment to relieve spasms of smooth muscles of the uterus and its appendages, and urinary tract. Introduced into the rectum candle with papaverine Papaverine - for pain caused by spasms of smooth muscles It can quickly remove light or moderate attack of renal colic.

When cramps in the stomach, intestine, biliary tract, the pain associated with spasms of the pancreatic duct (exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis and the initial stages of acute pancreatitis) rectal suppositories with papaverine can significantly alleviate the patient's condition.

Sometimes, rectal suppositories papaverine as part of comprehensive treatment and used for respiratory diseases - bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma, as it promotes long enough bronchiectasis, removal of bronchospasm and relief of expectoration of sputum.

Who should not apply rectal suppositories papaverine and why

Rectal suppositories papaverine should not be used primarily in patients with cardiac conduction disorders - heart block. Papaverine can further suppress the transmission of nerve impulses of the heart muscle, leading to a complete blockade of transmission from the atrium to the ventricles - atrioventricular (atrioventricular) blockade. At the same time may begin significant cardiac arrhythmia.

Do not use candles with papaverine and glaucoma (intraocular pressure increases), severe liver disease, accompanied by chronic liver disease, and patients are hypersensitive to the components of the drug. Additionally, rectal suppositories with papaverine did not appoint the elderly and children under the age of six months.

Precautions This drug is used in chronic renal and adrenal insufficiency, reduced thyroid function The thyroid gland - is responsible for your hormones Hyperplasia Hyperplasia - do not be afraid   (swelling) of the prostate gland, traumatic brain injuries and shock.

Rectal candles with papaverine - is an effective antispasmodic, which is widely used in clinical practice, despite the availability of newer drugs in this series.

Galina Romanenko