Ovarian cyst - a cavity, usually filled with a liquid that is inside the ovary. There are many types of ovarian cysts Types of ovarian cysts: detection and treatment And they are a very common gynecological problem.

Women cysts are concerned because of concerns before ovarian cancer. However, please know that most ovarian cysts are benign. Cysts required cure if they do not disappear in a short time - the rare, but nevertheless, it happens that some of them are cancerous. Sometimes cysts are causing discomfort, but most patients do not feel them, but they are detected during a routine inspection at the gynecologist. Since most of them goes away, usually the appearance of cysts - not a cause for concern.

The cause of ovarian cysts

The most frequent functional cysts that appear when forming around the egg fluid accumulates. A small amount of fluid around the egg is going to every woman during ovulation. The egg, the cells that produce the fluid and the fluid itself constitute follicle size of a pea. Not yet established the exact reasons why some cells surrounding the egg produce too much fluid. If as a result of the follicles is greatly increased, say about education follicular cysts. If the fluid continues to accumulate, the ovary expands and its surface, usually white, takes on a bluish-gray. Sometimes follicular cysts reach ten centimeters in diameter, but even the largest of them, as a rule, pass through one or two months.

Normally, when the time of ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   overstrains follicle to release the egg, which is on the fallopian tubes into the uterus falls. Within a few hours from the remnants of the follicle forms the corpus luteum - it produces progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology   estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health Hormones that prepare the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg. Sometimes the cells of the corpus luteum produce liquid that is inside the body - because the cyst is formed. Corpus luteum cyst usually goes too quickly and without consequences to health. Follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts are functional cysts.

What does the US?

Vaginal ultrasound provides the most accurate picture of ovarian cysts. The sensor is introduced through the vagina, which allows the doctor to see the organs inside. This procedure is painless, harmless and very informative. You can use it to establish the type of existing cysts. Ultrasound allows us to understand whether inside the cyst fluid or dense tissue, but to distinguish benign from malignant at such inspection is impossible. Dense cysts usually removed, because they are more likely cancerous.

Laparoscopy in the treatment of ovarian cysts

Today, there are tools that allow you to remove the cyst through a small abdominal incision. The recovery period after such a procedure is quite brief. With laparoscopy can remove a cyst or the entire ovary.

Spaying called tsisteektomiya - a procedure in which a cyst removed from the ovary about how the clam from its shell. Ovarian tissue incision, gently withdrawn to open the cyst, and then use the suction device is removed from the cyst fluid. Now the cyst like a balloon blown out, and it can easily be removed through a small incision. If the cyst has destroyed much of the healthy tissue of the ovary, it may be necessary to remove the entire ovary.

The undeniable advantage of laparoscopy is that you can go home the day of surgery, and a week or two will return to the normal rhythm of life.

Endometrial Polyps may have a different structure, corresponding to different layers of the mucous membrane of the uterus. It is assumed that the structure of glandular polyp corresponds to a young age, connective tissue (fibrous) - the elderly, and glandular-fibrous polyps can develop at any age.

What is glandular and fibrous polyp as it grows in the lining of the uterus

Polyp - a tumor-like formation, which develops from the stroma (basis) of the mucous membrane of the uterus. The mucous membrane of the uterus is composed of stroma (mostly connective tissue) and epithelium, composed and cancer. A polyp begins to grow from the stroma, but then it woven and cancer, if the iron a lot, a polyp is considered glandular (developed mainly in women of childbearing age), and if less than connective tissue - glandular-fibrous (such polyps can develop in any age). There are also fibrous polyps that develop in old age.

In some cases, the appearance of the glands change, and then talk about adenomatous polyps - it is considered a precancerous condition. Sometimes this formation are found cells, unlike the rest of the (atypical) - this is a sign of cancer.

Polyps may be small, there may be several or one large polyp, which can be seen in the cervix during a gynecological examination.

Why develop fibrous glandular endometrial polyps

The disease may be the hormone, so non-hormonal basis. In the first case it is developed on the background of hyperplasia Hyperplasia - do not be afraid   (growths), endometrium during the menstrual cycle, that is, when hormonal crash. Causes of non-hormonal polyps is not well established, but it is known that there are predisposing factors that may cause the development of polyps.

Factors contributing to the development of hormonal polyps are irregularities in the hormonal system to ensure the menstrual cycle, resulting in a lot begins to produce the female sex hormones estrogen and few other female sex hormones (progesterone). Hormonal disorders may occur with prolonged stress after abortion (both artificial and spontaneous), childbirth, various gynecological operations, and in the presence of endocrine disease (thyroid, diabetes, obesity, and so on) and inflammatory processes in the female genital bodies.

Factors contributing to the development of non-hormonal abortion include any traumatic uterine wall effects: abortion, obstructed labor, diagnostic studies, intrauterine devices. Often these violations occur and long flowing inflammatory processes in the wall of the uterus (endometritis).

Signs

Small non-hormonal polyps often does not occur by chance, and are identified in the survey of women, such as infertility. But infertility in these polyps do not always occur, sometimes pregnancy can occur even successfully completed. They may not even cause menstrual irregularities. In some cases, small polyps may cause spotting in the intermenstrual period.

Hormonal polyps appear in the form of inter-menstrual and menstrual bleeding and infertility - in this case the pregnancy is impossible, because of the hormonal disturbances are not ovulating Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? And the mucous membrane of the uterus is not prepared for the introduction of the embryo.

Diagnostics

Found a large polyp can be even with gynecological examination Gynecological examination: an important component of women's health In some cases it looks from the outer cervix. Small polyps often detected during ultrasound of the uterus. Simultaneously, a blood test for hormones and detected (or not detected, it is also a diagnostic feature) hormonal disorders.

After this is done, or separate diagnostic curettage Scraping - heavy and unsafe procedure   (uterus and cervical canal), followed by histological examination of the contents, or diagnostic hysteroscopy, during which you can not just take a piece of tissue for research, but also go to the medical treatment and aiming to remove a polyp, carefully "stripping" the place where grow it leg.

Hormone therapy is administered after polyp removal and only if detected hormonal disorders.

Galina Romanenko