Causes of recurrent miscarriage

Perhaps one of the most difficult experiences in a woman's life - is the loss of the fetus. Statistics show that 10 to 25% of all pregnancies end in miscarriage Miscarriage - can you protect yourself from it? . But even more painful experience - is the loss of the unborn child more than once.

The diagnosis of "habitual miscarriage" put women with spontaneous abortion occurs more than three times. According to statistics, from habitual miscarriage affects 1-2% of pregnant women. In most cases, miscarriage occurring during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy.

The main thing you need to know when faced with a diagnosis of "habitual miscarriage" - that's what this state can and should be treated. However, before you assign treatment, the doctor will determine the cause of the syndrome of recurrent miscarriage, which may be different.

• Anatomical reasons: sometimes because of the special structure of the uterus successful pregnancy becomes difficult, if not impossible task for a woman. The abnormal shape of the uterus or weak muscles of the uterus are the most common causes of anatomic regular miscarriages. In some cases, this problem can be solved by surgery.
• Chromosomal abnormalities: In some cases, the cause of spontaneous abortion and fetal loss are chromosomal abnormalities. Doctors note that chromosomal abnormalities developing fetus may inherit from the mother or father, and although self-fertilization the egg is successful, chromosomal abnormalities prevent the growth of a fetus after a certain stage.
• Hormonal reasons: various hormones, including progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology Play a key role in the process of fertilization and subsequent development of the fetus. Low levels of progesterone can lead to spontaneous abortion. Certain diseases - such as polycystic ovarian syndrome - causes an imbalance of hormones, which in turn has an adverse effect on the fertilization and pregnancy. Furthermore, premature abortion may cause various diseases of the thyroid gland Thyroid disease - women at risk .
• Immunological causes: the human immune system protects the body from infections. Sometimes the immune system does not function properly: In some cases, spontaneous abortion caused by the immune system of the body of women, destroying vital tissues of the fetus as a foreign body in the female body. The dysfunction of the immune system leads to abortion. Furthermore, spontaneous abortion may cause excess levels of anti-phospholipid antibodies. Also among the most common causes of miscarriage - maternal age, bad habits (smoking, alcohol, drugs), diabetes, effects on the body of chemical / industrial toxins.

Treatment of recurrent miscarriage

Most doctors prescribe the procedure for the treatment of recurrent miscarriage after two spontaneous abortion patients. Once the cause is determined, the achievements of modern medicine allows several different solutions and treatments: surgery, chromosome analysis, hormone therapy Hormone therapy - is it possible to fool nature? Anti-coagulated. According to medical statistics, 75% of women suffering from the syndrome of recurrent miscarriage as a result of the treatment can carry and give birth to a healthy baby.

The main thing you need to remember when faced with a diagnosis of "habitual miscarriage" - do not give up: modern medicine provides for several alternative methods of treatment, depending on the different causes of recurrent miscarriage, but the success of treatment depends largely on the attitude of the woman.

Diagnostics

During normal gynecological examination Gynecological examination - an unpleasant necessity   the doctor can find a tumor. Despite the fact that the majority of cysts are benign, it is necessary to pass a rigorous examination. This is especially true of women in postemenopauzalnom age - they have the most great risk of malignant cysts.

• Ultrasound It allows you to establish the presence of cysts or tumors, as well as their location and size.
• Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron tomography emissonnaya (PEC) give a very clear picture. With their help, you can see the details of the tumor and a cyst and to determine how much they have grown.
• The measurement of hormone levels. They do a blood test to measure the levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol Estradiol, the most important hormone   and testosterone.
• Laparoscopy - this surgical procedure. Through a small incision in the abdomen injected thin long tube through which you can see the cyst or tumor, take a sample of tissue for analysis (it is done in cases of suspected cancer), and cysts and can be removed.
• CA-125. If cancer is suspected, your doctor may take a blood test to measure the level of cancer antigen CA-125. CA-125 levels often, but not always increased in ovarian cancer. This analysis is particularly recommended for women over age 35, for whom the risk of developing ovarian cancer is slightly higher than for younger women.

If the diagnosis - cancer, appoint additional examination to determine whether the tumor has spread beyond the ovaries and, if so, how much. The research results will help your doctor prescribe the right treatment.

Treatment

If you have a small cyst, does not deliver particularly nasty, and if not menopause, the doctor will probably choose the method of "active surveillance." The method consists in taking regular surveys to ensure that the cyst does not grow. In most cases, after a few months it will go away.

From the painful symptoms of ovarian cysts Ovarian Cysts: Symptoms and Complications   can relieve hormonal birth control pills. They prevent ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? , Reducing the chance of new cysts.

If the cyst does not go, it is removed surgically. Operations are of two types:

• Laparoscopy: removal of the cyst with a thin telescopic tube. This method is suitable if the cysts are small.
• Laparotomy is required to remove large cysts or ovarian tumors. If the cancer is very large, the surgeon may remove the ovaries, uterus and fallopian tubes.

Other methods:

• Chemotherapy. The patient is administered drugs that kill cancer cells. Since these drugs also kill healthy cells, side effects of this treatment are nausea and vomiting, hair loss, kidney damage, weakening of the immune system and susceptibility to infections.
• Radiotherapy. Ionizing radiation kills cancer cells. This method also has unpleasant side effects: redness of the skin, nausea, diarrhea, weakness. Radiotherapy is not often used to treat ovarian cancer.