That's right, of course, an autoimmune thyroiditis, but as the disease is often complicated by a decrease in thyroid function (hypothyroidism), it is often called autoimmune hypothyroidism. It is not a simple disease, it occurs in violation of the immunity.
What is Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis, AT) - an inflammation of the thyroid autoimmune nature as in the human body formed lymphocytes that produce antibodies to the thyroid tissue, damaging the fabric.
The disease usually occurs in premenopausal women (aged 45 to 50 years), but sometimes get sick and men, as well as teenagers and even children. Autoimmune thyroiditis - the disease, the study is not yet up to the end, but studies suggest that it is hereditary. If a heredity burdened, it is enough to impact an additional adverse external factors to start the autoimmune process. These factors are acute viral infections and chronic foci of infection (carious teeth, chronic tonsillitis
Chronic tonsillitis - inflammation of the tonsils
, Sinusitis, otitis media). Sometimes an autoimmune process in thyroid gland begins against the backdrop of long uncontrolled receiving iodine-containing drugs or radiation.
Any predisposing factor activates lymphocytes that, in turn, contribute to the formation of antibodies to the thyroid gland. As a result, thyroid cells are damaged, including the surrounding tissue and enter the blood have been synthesized in a cell hormones and cell parts, which become new antigens (foreign particles), for controlling which produces new antibody.
This process takes a long time, the cycle that causes the increase, the decrease in the level of thyroid hormones. But over time the thyroid tissue atrophy, replaced by connective tissue, which leads to a reduction of its function, that is to hypothyroidism.
Symptoms of autoimmune thyroiditis
The disease usually develops gradually over several years, but sometimes flowing and fast enough. Pre-clinical (asymptomatic, latent) stage is characterized by immune shifts and increased titers of antibodies to the cells and infiltration of the thyroid (impregnation) of tissue by lymphocytes, which are capable of producing antibodies. Thyroid function at this stage is not compromised.
AT atrophic form (with a decrease in volume) is more common in the elderly and is manifested by lethargy, weakness, drowsiness, hearing loss, dry skin, swelling of the face, a change in tone and hoarseness and other clear signs of hypothyroidism.
In hypertrophic form (with an increase in cancer) thyroid increased in volume, pressure, and patients feel pain in the neck, edema of the mucosa of the larynx. Depending on the functional state of the release forms with increased (hyperthyroid form), low (hypothyroid form) and normal (euthyroid form) function of the thyroid gland. Often it is just one phase and the same process.
Hyperthyroid form appears sweating, fever, hand tremors and other symptoms of increased thyroid function. After a while hyperthyroidism is replaced by hypothyroidism (lethargy, weakness), but symptoms of hyperthyroidism may occasionally reappear. In euthyroid form dense thyroid for many years can be a sign of an autoimmune thyroiditis
Autoimmune thyroiditis - thyroid disease
.
Course of the disease is slow, progressive with the outcome of hypothyroidism.
Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis
The diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis is established on the basis of typical symptoms of the disease and is confirmed by laboratory tests. In general, a blood test revealed an increase in the number of lymphocytes (lymphocytosis) with an overall decrease in the number of white blood cells (leukopenia). When the stage begins hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism: increased secretion of thyroid hormone
increases in blood levels of thyroid hormones
Thyroid hormones: mechanism of action and physiological effects
During the stage of hypothyroidism hormones decreases, but at the same time increases the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone of the pituitary gland, which regulates the thyroid gland.
Diagnosis is also confirmed by ultrasound and microscopic examination of tissue taken by biopsy.
Treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis medication. With increased thyroid function prescribed drugs that inhibit the function of the prostate, while reducing function - replacement therapy of thyroid cancer. In addition, prescribers that reduce inflammation, restoring the "broken" links of immunity, vitamins, and minerals.
If treatment is started promptly and properly carried out, unable to slow down the process of final atrophy of the thyroid and hypothyroidism.
Galina Romanenko