Mastitis - an inflammation of the mammary gland Inflammation of breast cancer: what is more dangerous - acute or chronic? Which occurs as a result of the ingress of pathogens. Most often the disease develops in women who breastfeed. This condition is called post-partum lactation or mastitis. Prevention of this disease should begin during pregnancy and continue after birth.

Measures for the prevention of mastitis during pregnancy

Compliance with the generally accepted rules of hygiene - the basis of the prevention of mastitis in this period. Pregnant recommended every morning to wash the breasts with water and soap (for oily skin, you can use baby soap), and then wipe it with a towel. If the skin in the nipple area dry after morning toilet glands it should be lubricated with a sterile liquid paraffin. All these rules increase the resistance of the nipple damage during the upcoming nursing baby.

From the fifth month of pregnancy need to take air baths. For this woman has fifteen minutes a day to spend with an open chest. In the summer it can be done in direct sunlight, and in the winter it is recommended to take a course of ultraviolet irradiation. Such procedures stimulate the immunological protection of pregnant women and reduce the likelihood of infection.

Particular attention should be paid to the selection of lingerie: bra should be chosen so that the breasts were raised, it prevents the stagnation of milk. As the breasts during pregnancy bra size must change. It is recommended to choose the free laundry which will not compress the breast.

Three weeks before the expected date of delivery must begin to carry out special training nipples that will prepare them for feeding the child. To do this, the thumb and forefinger grasp the nipple at the base and rhythmically compress it. First, the procedure is carried out for two minutes a day, and then gradually increases its length to a half.

Prevention of postpartum

Proper attachment of baby to the breast to avoid blockage of milk ducts and the nipple damage, which can lead to lactostasis (stagnation of milk in the breast) and mastitis. At the beginning of each feeding woman should own breast feeding the baby, do not expect that the kid he grabbed it. For this mother must adhere to the chest hand so that your thumb is above the nipple, and a hand - under the breast. Then the woman should hold the nipple of the lower lip and the baby, when the baby opens his mouth wide, put it as deep as the chest. It is the occurrence of the nipple and areola into the baby's mouth ensures the correct capture of the chest. This nipple should be placed in the soft palate of the baby.

Do not make "dimple" on the chest at the point where it touches the nose of the child. This error often allow young mothers because of the fear that the baby will not breathe. But tight nostrils of children provide a sufficient flow of air when feeding, and such manipulation of women with breast can lead to compression of the ducts and blockage.

A woman may feel pain only in the first two seconds after the start of feeding, if it does it correctly. When my mother feels pain for longer this time, she had to take the baby and give it to his chest again. In order not to damage the nipple, a woman must put into the baby's mouth and little finger to unclench his gums. Once released baby nipple, the latter must be elongated and approximately two times more than usual. Slightly flattened nipple - a sign of poor attachment of the child to her breast. During feeding the child shall make no sound. Smacking and clicks indicate that the baby grabs the wrong gland.

Daily hygiene measures to help women protect the nipple from infection. She should wash their hands sterile brush and wash the breasts with warm running water after each feeding. Thereafter chest must wipe special diaper which must vary each time after such a procedure. Then the woman must leave the breasts exposed for twenty minutes.

Treatment of cracked nipples

Cracked nipples are the gateway to pathogens. There are several factors that may lead to their occurrence:

• Poor nutrition and a lack of vitamin (especially in the last trimester of pregnancy);
• Wrong way of feeding a baby Breastfeeding - a personal choice ;
• Failure to comply with hygiene measures;
• Inadequate care of the nipples;
• Improper pumping milk.

In the presence of small cracks breast-feeding can be continued, but only with a special lining. The same should be done and women with flat or inverted nipples Inverted nipples - if a problem is when breast-feeding? . Such mothers nipples are particularly susceptible to damage, and to prevent this, they need to start using the pads immediately after the birth of the baby. Wearing bras - compulsory treatment and preventive measures in the presence of cracked nipples.

Nipples may be treated by one of these methods:

• Before serving, rub the nipple and areola with cotton or gauze soaked in a solution of ammonia, and dried them by applying the dry wool (rubbing her nipple should not be). After feeding nipples are treated in the same manner, and then the woman should take an air bath.
• Before feeding nipples are not treated, and after it is lubricated with an alcoholic solution of one percent of methylene blue. After that the woman also receives air bath for twenty minutes.
• After each feeding nipples smeared with prednisolone ointment Prednisolone ointment - can help relieve inflammation and itching of the skin .

If nipples greatly injured, then temporarily stop breast-feeding, and the milk carefully decanted. After healing of cracks feeding resumed.

To prevent the development of mastitis, it is enough to observe basic hygienic measures. These include regular change of underwear and bed linen, cleanliness of the whole body, the daily washing of the mammary glands and air baths. Proper attachment of the child to the breast is also one of the components of the prevention of mastitis.

Removal of breast cysts is carried on the strict and not to all. First of all it depends on the size of the cyst, and secondarily on the results of cytology content of education. And, of course, every woman should know that any disease, including breast cysts prevention is better than cure, so do not forget about preventive measures.

The structure of the breast

The mammary gland is a hormone-dependent body doubles. The main function of the breast - a breast-feeding baby. The growth and development of the mammary gland begins in adolescence, when the body girls actively produced female sex hormones - estrogens.

The mammary gland is formed by three types of tissues: glandular (due to which the milk is produced), connective and fatty. Support breast ligament. Due to the connective tissue septa breast is divided into shares, and each share, in turn, into slices. From each fraction discharged ducts towards the nipple, which the latter will enter breast milk.

What is a breast cyst is and why it occurs

Breast cyst is a cavity filled with a secret (liquid contents). The cyst has a fibrous wall. There are single and multiple cysts of mammary glands. The causes of multiple cysts. Primarily, these include a variety of hormonal disorders Hormonal disorders - oversupply and a lack of equally dangerous , Including endocrine disorders (e.g., thyroid disease). Thus, it is possible to note a trend that most cysts occur in women of reproductive age, especially those who did not give birth. In addition, the appearance of a mammary gland cysts contribute different chest injury, surgery on breast, mastitis. It is not excluded, and genetic predisposition.

Examination before removing cysts breast

In order to address the need for the removal of cysts, breast cancer, you must pass the following examinations:

• inspection and palpation of the breast (the doctor inspects the breast to detect ulcers, redness, or asymmetry of the breasts, and then probes the breast);
• mammogram (breast X-ray) lets you set the number and size of cysts and their localization;
• Breast ultrasound (more detailed diagnosis, which allows you to detect the presence of intraparietal growths in the cyst cavity);
• cyst aspiration cytology aspirate.

Remove

The main method of treatment (disposal) of the breast is a cyst puncture it. During puncture of the cavity under the control of ultrasound maximum sucked the contents of the cyst. After the formation of the secret is deleted, the cyst wall fallen down and stick together, thereby closing the cavity. Thus, the removed breast cysts larger. Little education is desirable not to bother, and just watch the presence or absence of growth. In many clinics practice after cyst aspiration content introduced into the cavity of ozone or air. But the old method of administration in a capsule cysts ethyl alcohol is not used, as it is believed that the drug causes necrosis of the breast tissue.

If the diagnostic puncture lactocele Puncture of the cyst of the breast - an important diagnosis   in it there is a large number of atypical cells, and histological examination confirmed the presence of intracapsular growths, surgery is recommended. The essence of surgical intervention is husking cyst with resection of the surrounding breast tissue (sectoral resection). In addition, surgery is performed for recurrent cysts or her infection. This operation is not dangerous for the future of breastfeeding.

Anna Sozinova