Procaine or procaine - a topical anesthetic is applied to the short-term, localized anesthesia in surgery, dentistry and other medical fields, as well as some diagnostic procedures. The dose of novocaine chosen physician, depending on the area to be pain relief, the depth and duration of anesthesia, individual tolerance, the patient's health, and many other factors. After injection of procaine takes effect after a few minutes, and the duration of the anesthetic does not exceed sixty-ninety minutes.

Today Novocain considered the "old" Topical painkillers, still used in medicine .  Novocaine was synthesized in 1898 by German chemist Alfred Einhorn, and for the first time in medical practice it applied Heinrich Braun, a German surgeon .  The very name «novocaine» literally could be interpreted as a "new cocaine" - it was formed by a combination of two Latin words: «nova», that is "new", and «caine», the word «cocaine» (cocaine, along with some alkaloids up novocaine invention was the main anesthetic in various medical fields) .  Although later it appeared much newer and effective anesthetics (e.g., lidocaine), procaine hitherto used in various areas of medicine due to minimum side effects and specific action that prevents substantial blood loss (in particular, such effect procaine the better differs from lidocaine) .

The use of novocaine

Novocaine produced in various forms - injectable solution with varying concentrations of active ingredients, ointments for the analgesic topical, rectal suppositories. Choose the form of the drug depends on the specific procedure that precedes anesthesia - for example, rectal suppositories are appointed for hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids - a shameful disease , Anal fissures.

Novocaine may be used for:

• Spinal anesthesia (novocaine injection is carried out in the subdural space to block the impulses of the spinal nerves)
• Epidural anesthesia (injection of novocaine into the epidural space to block the impulses of the spinal nerves)
• Conduction anesthesia (blocking nerve impulses at the level of the trunk of a nerve or nerve plexus)
• Infiltration anesthesia (novocaine injection under the mucous membrane, or intraosseous)
• Permeation anesthesia

The principle of operation of novocaine

Novocaine - one of the few anesthetics with a really broad spectrum of action. The main function of novocaine - prevention pulse generation in the nerve endings and the suppression of direct transmission of impulses along nerve fibers (the principle of novocaine allows to stop the pain). Furthermore, novocaine injection mold has antishock, antispasmodic (removes smooth muscle spasm), antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic effects.

Side effects

The main contraindication to the anesthetic novocaine - known hypersensitivity to procaine or other drugs, similar in chemical structure to procaine, and benzoic acid and its derivatives. For spinal anesthesia - systemic septicemia, sepsis in the region of the proposed injection, some diseases of the cerebrospinal system (meningitis, syphilis Syphilis - punishment of Venus , Polio, cerebral hemorrhage). In addition, contraindications are considered to pregnancy and childbirth, childhood and old age (children under eighteen years of age and seniors over the age of sixty-five years of novocaine anesthesia is not recommended).

Possible, but rarely observed side effects of novocaine include:

• From the central and peripheral nervous system - head ache, lethargy, drowsiness, convulsions, slight hearing loss or visual impairment, respiratory disorders.
• From the digestive system - nausea, vomiting.
• Cardio-vascular system - pain in the chest, blood pressure changes Blood pressure - dangerous if his swing? , Arrhythmia Arrhythmia - when we hear your heart .
• Allergic reaction - skin rash, itching sensations, and other symptoms of allergies, up to anaphylactic shock.

Neuromedin - a drug that restores the conduction of nerve excitation in the peripheral nervous system, transmit it to the muscles, both the skeletal and smooth on the internal organs and blood vessel walls, stimulates the central nervous system, improves the memory and ability to learn.

Action neuromidin

Action neuromidin (INN - ipidacrine) based on the fact that it blocks the action of cholinesterase - an enzyme that destroys the neurotransmitter atsetilhodin. Neurotransmitters are called biologically active substances that transmit nerve impulses from one nerve cell to another in the synapses - places of their connection. In addition to enhance the action of acetylcholine neuromidin enhances the action of other neurotransmitters - serotonin and adrenpalina, as well as the basic substance allergic reaction to histamine and a stimulator of muscle contractions of the uterus - oxytocin.

Neiromidin available in tablets for oral administration in vials Latvian pharmaceutical company Olainfarm. It improves and stimulates the transfer of neural excitation of nerve cells, nerve cells to the muscles and the central nervous system. When disorders of peripheral nerves, resulting from illness or injury, exposure to toxic substances and drugs, he restores their work.

Influenced neuromidin enhanced motor activity of internal organs due to increased smooth muscle contractility. This improves the circulation and the function of these organs in general. The same property is a contraindication for the use of the drug during pregnancy, as the stimulation of muscle contractions of the uterus can cause spontaneous miscarriage Miscarriage - can you protect yourself from it? . But his labor is used in the weakness of labor that require active muscle contractions.

Neiromidin also slightly stimulates and soothes both the central nervous system, which helps to improve memory and learning ability.

Neiromidin found application in the treatment of various diseases of the peripheral nervous system, accompanied by violation of nerve impulses along nerve trunks and their transfer to the muscles. It is inflammatory and toxic lesions of the peripheral nerves (neuritis, polyneuropathy), diseases associated with the violation of transmission of nerve impulses muscular system (myasthenia different origin), conditions after injuries and diseases of the central nervous system, which disrupted the conductivity of nerve impulses (organic lesion, with changes tissue structures of the central nervous system), which is accompanied by motor disturbances. It improves the reception of neuromidin the condition of patients suffering from serious diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia.

The positive effect of the drug has on the gastrointestinal tract for constipation related to a violation of the motor activity of the intestine (atonic constipation).

Side effects neuromidin

As with any effective medication, it neuromidin have side effects in the form of enhanced salivation and potoobrazovaniya reinforced or, conversely, too rare palpitations, nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain, release of large amounts of mucus in the bronchi, seizure.

With an overdose of all the side effects are amplified, appear dizziness Dizziness - if the ground is slipping from under his feet , Headache, vomiting, malaise, weakness, drowsiness, seizures. There may also be an itchy skin rash, bronchospasm. In this case, it is recommended not to cancel neuromidin and reduce the dose or take a short break in treatment.

Neiromidin contraindicated in epilepsy, impaired balance and coordination, excessive involuntary motor activity (hyperkinesis), coronary heart disease, heart diseases, which are accompanied by very slow heart rate (bradycardia), asthma, gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer during the exacerbation, obstruction intestinal and urinary tract infections, pregnancy and nursing Breastfeeding - a personal choice   feeding, individual intolerance of components.

Since neuromidin receiving a large amount of sputum, it should be used with caution in inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract.

It is not necessary during treatment neuromidin to drive and do other work that require coordination of movements.

As clinical studies have not been conducted in children, the children of his prescribed tablets with caution, and in the form of injections is not indicated at all.

Neiromidin - for the treatment of various diseases of the nervous system Diseases of the nervous system - the basic classification .

Galina Romanenko