Long-existing disorders of cerebral blood flow are responsible for the formation of brain damage. There are diffuse lesions and melkoochagovyj that will largely determine the clinical picture of the disease. Chronic ischemia reflects the presence of cerebral dysfunction, which exists in a long period of time.
Clinical features of chronic brain ischemia
At a time when the pathological changes in the brain there is a long, gradual progression of existing violations. In the initial stages of the disease is marked only the presence of functional disorders, which are then transferred to the morphological. Morphological changes are already irreversible, they are shown in the following features:
- the deterioration rate of cerebral blood flow, slowing
- the level of oxygen, glucose
Glucose: The energy source
Blood drops sharply
- develops the tendency to form blood clots that heavier presence of capillary stasis
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Chronic ischemia is a progressive course, the clinical picture of the disease can be seen staging of symptoms.
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Neurological symptoms increase, which leads to the fact that patients generating several neurological syndromes. There are roughly in the course of the disease three degrees or stages. This division allows the specialist (neurologist) to objectively assess the severity of lesions. In many cases, subjective symptoms of a patient's symptoms do not reflect how the illness severity.
Symptoms of chronic brain ischemia progressively increases and reaches a maximum in the third stage of manifestation. There are both emotional and movement disorders that lead to loss of self-care, patient's disability in the third stage of the disease. It is a feature of the various stages as chronic ischemia stage 1 does not affect the viability of man.
Preventative measures
Among the main causes of dysfunctional disorders of the brain secrete two reasons. This is especially hypertension and atherosclerosis. There are other reasons, but they are determined as additional or secondary, and they are able to burden for cerebral ischemia
Cerebral ischemia - how to overcome illness
. The presence of concomitant causes of disease must be considered when choosing a treatment strategy.
Risk factors include the presence of overweight, sedentary lifestyle, the impact of "chronic stress" and bad habits (smoking, drinking). Starting from an early age is necessary to maintain a healthy lifestyle that will help in the future to prevent the development of cerebral ischemia. Adversely affects the health of excessive solar radiation, when a person stays for a long time in the sun.
As a preventive measure is considered timely treatment of comorbidity, diseases such as diabetes mellitus
Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease
, Hypertension, atherosclerosis. Treatment must be prescribed by a doctor based on the results of clinical and laboratory examination. The first appearance of symptoms, it is important to begin a course of therapy to prevent further progression of brain dysfunction.
The main directions of complex treatment
Treatment of chronic cerebral ischemia is acceptable to carry out in an outpatient setting. The issue of hospitalization is solved at risk of developing acute vascular disease, stroke,
Stroke - a serious brain injury
or other severe complications. The first step is to restore the impaired cerebral blood flow, which is a kind of prevention of ischemic stroke. In parallel, should affect the platelet hemostasis as ischemic changes often occur in the background on the propensity to thrombosis.
The range of therapeutic measures include funds, helps to normalize blood pressure. Avoid significant fluctuations in numbers of blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs therefore dose picked individually, taking into account the general state of the patient. Stable blood pressure helps prevent destructive processes that develop in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. It is essential that preparations are parallel to the protective effect on blood vessels (angioproteguoe action), as often in the background of developing high blood pressure changes in the target organs.
With the purpose of treatment prescribed acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), a drug that is effective antiplatelet agent. Therapy should be under the control of a blood test, to prevent the development of complications developing chronic administration of this group of drugs. If necessary, acetylsalicylic acid combined with other antiplatelet drugs such as dipyridamole. This solves the doctor individually depending on the clinical picture of the disease.
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Implementation of lipid-lowering therapy is an essential component of the complex treatment of chronic cerebral ischemia.
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Primarily statins possess hypolipidemic effect. They have been specially designed to effectively reduce blood cholesterol levels. To achieve a positive result is required to accept treatment for several years. At the beginning of the treatment appointed by the therapeutic dose, which is adjusted based on the results of biochemical analysis of blood.
Appointment of statins justified if the patient has no evidence of the presence of comorbidity. First of all we are talking about diseases of the liver. The presence of liver disease is a relative contraindication to statins. For this reason, it is important that prior to the complex therapy, the patient was examined in full. The mechanisms that lead to ischemic brain damage, are varied, so the approach to the selection of medical tactics should be individualized.
Marina Solovyov