Dexamethasone eye drops produced by many pharmaceutical companies. An example of such a drug may be eye drops oftan dexamethasone, which is manufactured by Santen (Finland). Drops have a pronounced anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effect.

How to apply eye drops with dexamethasone

Drops oftan dexamethasone released flakonah- 5 ml (1 ml solution containing 1 mg dexamethasone). Auxiliaries are benzalkonium chloride, boric acid, borax, disodium edetate, and water for injection.

The main active ingredient drops - dexamethasone Dexamethasone - one of the most effective glucocorticosteroids   It is a synthetic glucocorticosteroid (GCS) - analogue of the natural hormone of the adrenal cortex. After instillation into the eye dexamethasone rapidly penetrates into the surface layers of the conjunctiva, cornea and sclera. In the present on the ocular surface moisture is achieved therapeutic concentrations of the drug.

In the presence of tissue injury or inflammation of the eye penetration rate dexamethasone tissue increases, it binds to protein retseptarami eye tissue cells and affects metabolic processes in these cells. Drops inhibit penetration in the inflammation cells, exercising the functions of cell-mediated immunity (macrophages and leukocytes) violates the synthesis of antibodies and recognition of foreign factors (antigens), that is, suppress and humoral immunity, removing thus the allergic reaction.

The duration of the drop is from four to eight hours. This small part of dexamethasone into the blood stream, is decomposed in the liver and then excreted in the feces. Total (systemic) effects on the small drops of dexamethasone.

With which diseases and how to apply drops

Drops dexamethasone assigned when nonsuppurative acute and chronic inflammatory processes in the conjunctiva (conjunctivitis), the cornea (keratitis), sclera (sclerites) edges of the eyelids (blepharitis). In addition, they are administered at an inflammation of the iris and ciliary body (iridotsiklitah) and choroid (uevitah) of different origin. This drug is used in inflammatory processes in the area of ​​the rear division of the choroid with involvement in the process of the retina (chorioretinitis).

Dexamethasone drops is also indicated in corneal injury of any origin, but only after the wound was delayed. Including treatable sympathetic ophthalmia - friendly netravmirovannogo inflammation of the eyes caused by other eye injury.

Indications for use of dexamethasone in the drops are also allergic diseases of the eye - conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis.

Apply the drops for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases after eye surgery or injury.

Do not use this drops with dexamethasone in purulent bacterial, viral, fungal and tubercular lesions of the eye, with epitheliopathy (recurrent erosions) of the cornea, glaucoma, patients are hypersensitive to the components of the drug.

During pregnancy, infant feeding Breastfeeding - a personal choice   breasts and children dexamethasone is used with caution, as the data on the clinical trials of patients have not been conducted.

Dexamethasone drops instilled in one eye - two drops three to five times per day for one to two days to two weeks. Contact lenses should be removed prior to instillation and put only 15 minutes after the procedure.

Side effects

Sometimes Instill drops accompanied by burning, but it quickly passes. After instillation is also possible emergence of tearing, so it is not desirable immediately after the procedure to drive the car.

In addition, hormone therapy Hormone therapy - is it possible to fool nature?   inflammatory and allergic processes may conceal symptoms of infection, which requires adherence antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal therapy. Therefore, control of the ophthalmologist when applying drops of dexamethasone required.

No cases of overdose with dexamethasone drops were recorded. Drops dexamethasone excellent job with allergic and inflammatory processes in the eye.

Galina Romanenko

Conjunctivitis in adults - it is a fairly common disease. It can be caused by different causes and symptoms, as well as methods of treating conjunctivitis in adults depend on what led to the disease.

Symptoms of conjunctivitis in adults

Common symptoms of all types of conjunctivitis are:

• Redness of the eye - it is the result of inflammation and enlargement of fine blood vessels of the conjunctiva (the thin layer of tissue that covers the outer side of the eye);
• Watery eyes. Conjunctiva contains thousands of cells that produce mucus and microscopic glands secreting tears. Inflammatory processes lead to the fact that the glands become over-active and secrete greater discharge than usual.

In most cases, the first conjunctivitis affects only one eye, but after a few hours of symptoms usually appear in both eyes.

With infectious conjunctivitis Infective conjunctivitis - options Origin Besides the above symptoms may occur following features:

• Burning in the eyes;
• The feeling of "sand in the eyes";
• Accumulations of sticky mucus in the eyelashes - especially a lot of them happen in the morning;
• Swollen lymph nodes near the ears.

Conjunctivitis can also be a consequence of an allergic reaction. In such cases, the symptoms of this disorder depend on to what substance the patient has an allergy.

If allergic conjunctivitis Allergic conjunctivitis - and for different reasons   caused by pollen, the symptoms appear during certain times of the year, for example, in the spring - if you are allergic to tree pollen, or in the summer - if a person is allergic to the pollen of flowering grasses. This, along with the watery and bloodshot eyes of patients may experience symptoms such as sneezing, runny or stuffy nose.

If you are allergic to dust mites or pet dander symptoms of conjunctivitis Symptoms of conjunctivitis - bright display   can occur year-round. In these allergies are usually signs of conjunctivitis are particularly pronounced in the morning.

Some people have allergic conjunctivitis can cause eye drops. In such cases, dry eye can occur, and even pain in the eyes.

Sometimes in adults cause allergic contact lenses. Violation of that at the same time developing, called giant papillary conjunctivitis. It progresses more slowly than other types of conjunctivitis, and can lead to serious complications.

When should I see a doctor?

In most cases, conjunctivitis in adults is not a serious problem, and quickly goes away on its own. However, if you are sick conjunctivitis first time, or you suspect that you have conjunctivitis associated with wearing contact lenses, it is strongly recommended to talk to your doctor. He will do an exam, make sure that the symptoms are not caused by a serious eye disease and prescribe medication if necessary.

Urgently contact your doctor if the following symptoms:

• Severe pain in the eyes;
• Photophobia;
• Blurred vision;
• Severe redness of one or both eyes.

Causes of conjunctivitis in adults

The most common causes of inflammation of the conjunctiva are:

• Infections;
• Allergic reactions;
• Conjunctival irritation, for example, due to contact with the eye lashes (in such cases the redness of the eyes and other features konjuktivita Symptoms of conjunctivitis when sick eyes They tend to fade very quickly.

The causes of infectious conjunctivitis are:

• Bacteria. In most cases, the number of causative agents of bacterial conjunctivitis provide microorganisms which may also cause ear infections and lung, for example, Staphylococcus. In the case of hotel causes conjunctivitis may be microorganisms that cause diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonorrhea and chlamydia;
• Viruses. In most cases, cause conjunctivitis same viruses that cause the common cold and influenza.
• Infective conjunctivitis can spread from person to person, either directly there and through a variety of subjects. To avoid this, one should not use towels with conjunctivitis patients, sleep with it on one pillow, and so on.

The following factors increase the likelihood of infectious conjunctivitis:

• Old age;
• Recently transferred respiratory diseases such as the common cold;
• Diabetes or other conditions that can weaken the immune system;
• Prolonged use of corticosteroids - medications that weaken the immune defense;
• Blepharitis - inflammation of the eyelids, which sometimes leads to conjunctivitis.

Allergic conjunctivitis occurs when the eye of exposure to the allergen - the substance that causes an abnormal immune system response. This disorder is most common among people suffering from asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Experts also highlight the violation, as a contact dermatokonyuktivit - usually it is caused by a reaction to the components of the eye drops, but sometimes it can be caused by a variety of substances that are part of the makeup.

Giant papillary conjunctivitis may occur due to contact lenses, but also as a result of surgical operations on the eye. It is estimated that from this disorder affects 1-5% of people who wear soft contact lenses, and 1% of those that is hard lenses.

Finally, conjunctivitis may occur due to the fact that the foreign objects enter the eyes and some substances, such as chlorinated water, shampoo, smoke and so forth.