Symptoms of retinal detachment

Retinal detachment - is a very serious condition in which a person can permanently lose his sight. Retinal detachment is treated only by surgery, so if the ophthalmologist provides a method of treatment, then it is not necessary to delay the earlier operation will be carried out, the greater will be its effectiveness.

The retina - is the inner membrane of the eyeball. Total human eyeball has three membranes, including the outer (opaque sclera, which passes on the front surface of the eye in clear cornea) and secondary (vascular). The inner membrane of the eye, or retina tight to the choroid and consists of several layers of nerve cells, which displays what we see. Then, the visual information is transmitted along the optic nerve to the brain. The largest number of visual cells located in the central part of the retina.

Retinal detachment and its species

Retinal detachment is called a condition in which the retina loses contact with the choroid and departs from it. Normally held in the retina choroid by connecting cells of the retina and choroid, as well as due to pressure from the vitreous body (gelatinous substance filling the space between the retina and lens). In retinal detachment occurs a reduction or distortion of, and in some cases, and its total loss.

Retinal detachment is divided into primary and secondary. Primary or idiopathic retinal detachment is rare and occurs in elderly or very short-sighted people who have a predisposition to it in the form of metabolic changes in the retina (retina thins and it may appear hole) or in the form of high blood pressure How to deal with high blood pressure?   the retina from the vitreous (such pressure can cause a crack in the retina). In both cases the liquid from the vitreous falls between the retina and the choroid. "Trigger point" for retinal detachment in this case could be an indirect impact (fall, head injury, sudden weight lifting, shaking body, and so on).

Secondary retinal detachment occurs in various diseases of the eye (inflammation, tumor, penetrating injuries, etc.), accompanied by accumulation of fluid (inflammatory fluid, blood), or the growth of a tumor between the retina and choroid.

First signs

Retinal detachment - an acute condition that requires immediate assistance. But the time to seek medical care, need to know the signs of retinal detachment:

• the very first sign - is the emergence of photopsias - sparks and lightning before the eyes (especially otchetliv this feature with closed eyes); while images of objects can bend and sway;
• second feature may appear concurrently with the first, but can - after a few days; is the appearance of floaters before the eyes; turbidity can be single, multiple, or even in the form of a continuous shroud (such opacities usually talk about the damage of blood vessels and gets blood into the vitreous).

When these symptoms need to seek medical help, and the sooner the better, as retinal detachment almost always progresses, ie liquid penetrates into all new areas, separating the retina from the choroid. And as this dying nerve cells of the retina, the road literally every minute.

Symptoms of hyperopia

Adults usually manifested farsightedness with age and becomes more pronounced after forty years. The main symptoms of farsightedness in adults:

• Failure to clearly see close objects, despite the fact that the long-range vision is good;
• To better see who is close to the subject, a person has to squint, but gradually it ceases to help;
• Eye fatigue after classes requiring focus view of nearby objects, for example, after reading, computer work, or letter;
• Pain or burning sensation in the eyes;
• Frequent headaches.

Signs of farsightedness in children Far-sightedness in children - identified and treated as early as possible   It is not immediately noticeable. They lens is more ductile than in adults, whereby it is able, to some extent, compensate for the refractive error. However, it is important that the child had farsightedness promptly detected. If you long to take measures for its correction, it can lead to various complications. Moreover, in some cases in children hyperopia can gradually worsen. If you notice that a child often turn red or watery eyes, he squints, looking at close objects, often blinking and rubbing his eyes, complaining of a headache, and he had problems with reading, you should have it checked by an ophthalmologist.

Reasons for hyperopia

The main reason may be hyperopia:

• Insufficient axial length of the eye;
• Insufficient bending cornea (if it is too flat, the light can not be focused correctly);
• The inability to get enough convex lens when focusing on close objects. Normally, when a person looks at an object located close ciliary muscle (the muscle located inside the eye) is reduced, and the lens becomes convex. If this process is disrupted, near objects will look fuzzy and blurred.

Factors that increase the likelihood of long-sightedness:

• Age. Farsightedness can occur at any age, but most often occurs in people older than 40 years. Age is also called hyperopia presbyopia - it develops as the lens of the eye loses its plasticity;
• Genetics. Experts suggest that a predisposition to the development of farsightedness may be inherited, but genes for this disorder has yet to be identified. Therefore, the causes of congenital hyperopia is still unclear, although it is known that it is quite common in children with syndromes Aarskoga-Scott Down syndrome and Rubinstein-Teybi;
• Disease. In rare cases, causes hyperopia can be diseases such as diabetes, microphthalmia (a disorder in which the child's eyes are not properly formed during fetal development), swelling eyes and macular hypoplasia Hypoplasia - a congenital malformation of the fetus   - Infringement relating to the functioning of the blood vessels in the retina.

Diagnostics

It is important to diagnose farsightedness as early as possible, especially in children - it will avoid many complications. As a rule, the vision of children who go to kindergartens and schools, be sure to check once a year. However, if you suspect that your child has had problems with his vision, go with him to the doctor without waiting for the next scheduled inspection. You also need to see a doctor, if the vision began to deteriorate in the adult. Even if slight deterioration, do not put off a visit to the doctor - can not exclude the possibility that the cause of vision problems was not the usual age farsightedness Age farsightedness - all different And eye disease, which can lead to serious complications.

During the examination the doctor, first of all, you have to ask in detail about the nature of the symptoms and when they appeared. It may also ask a series of questions relating to your health, as a whole, as well as your lifestyle.

Thereafter generally carried out by all familiar visual acuity. It is not a special test for the far-sightedness, but its results provide important information ophthalmologist. Hyperopia people, as opposed to short-sighted, well see even the smallest letters or characters (depending on which table is used), and capital letters, if he is close enough, it seems vague.

In addition, the test is carried out using an ophthalmoscope - a special tool that allows you to identify a number of eye diseases. During the diagnosis the doctor must rule violations such as glaucoma Glaucoma - a perspective possible blindness   and diabetic retinopathy - a disease that can lead to more serious problems than the usual far-sightedness.

After the end of the examination the doctor discusses the results with the patient and tells him about the existing ways of correcting hyperopia.