Surgery for glaucoma may be needed if the patient is contraindicated medications, or if they do not receive the expected results. Sometimes a single operation is sufficient to reduce intraocular pressure to an acceptable level. A significant proportion of patients have to continue using eye drops after surgery, and in some cases appointed by the other treatments.

Among the possible complications of the treatment of glaucoma by surgery - infection, inflammation, bleeding, abnormally high or low IOP and visual impairment. The operation on the eyes can also accelerate cataract formation Cataracts - how to solve the problem completely? . However, in most cases, complications of surgery can be fast enough to eliminate.

Therapies

In the treatment of glaucoma may be applied following the surgical intervention:

• Laser Surgery

Quite often, patients with open-angle glaucoma Open-angle glaucoma - occurs often goes unnoticed   appointed by such an operation as trabeculoplasty. After what effect an anesthetic, a physician using the laser beam impact point discloses blocked drains, thereby improving fluid outflow from the eye. Within a few weeks after the surgery the patient must come to the doctor on a regular basis to measure IOP. It may take more than one week before it becomes clear how effective was the trabeculoplasty. Usually after surgery significantly reduced IOP, but over time it can once again begin to rise.

• Trabeculectomy

This type of surgery may be required in patients who have failed the eye drops and laser trabeculoplasty. In most cases, this procedure is performed on an outpatient basis. Before the procedure, the patient is given a sedative Sedatives - take valerian and be happy?   and injected anesthetic. Then, using fine tools and a microscope the surgeon opens the sclera - the protein shell of the eye - and removes a small portion of the trabecular meshwork. Then filtration of liquids within the eye is improved and IOP decreases. Trabeculectomy performed on one eye. If necessary, a few weeks later, the same operation can be performed on the other eye. Some patients over time may need additional treatments because, as already mentioned, glaucoma can not be cured completely, and the likelihood of optic nerve damage in the future is saved after any operation.

For some time after trabeculectomy need to undergo regular inspection. In addition, the doctor prescribes the patient antibiotics and anti-inflammatory eye drops to prevent infection and the formation of scar tissue in open drainage channels.

• Implantation of the drainage

Such a procedure may be useful for people with glaucoma at later stages, for patients with secondary glaucoma Secondary glaucoma - against the backdrop of another disease   and children who have revealed the disease. During the operation, the doctor inserts into a patient's eye a thin tube, which will act as a drainage channel, thereby improving the outflow of aqueous humor and reduce intraocular pressure.

Prevention

• Have regular medical examination

This will reveal glaucoma in the early stages of development, before the disease will cause irreparable damage to the visual system. After 40 years it is recommended to pass examinations by an ophthalmologist every 3-5 years, after 60 years - every year. Patients who are at risk, may require more frequent testing.

• Treat elevated IOP

Eye drops, if you start to use them in a timely manner can greatly reduce the likelihood that increased IOP in glaucoma develops. These droplets should be used regularly even in the absence of symptoms. Talk to your doctor about whether you should start prophylactic treatment.

• Protect your eyes

Severe eye damage can become triggers for glaucoma. Wear protective goggles when working with power tools, which can damage the eyes, or to engage in sports activities that could cause injury to the eyes. In sunny weather, it is strongly advised to wear sunglasses.

Chronic conjunctivitis rarely develops in the "scratch." Most often, the development of chronic conjunctivitis associated with various visual impairments, chronic infectious-inflammatory processes in paranasal sinuses, digestive diseases and long flowing allergic process.

Causes of chronic conjunctivitis

Causes of chronic inflammation in the conjunctiva of the eye may be different. However, they often have certain predisposing moments in the form of common chronic diseases that lead to disruption of metabolic processes in the conjunctiva of the eye, reduce local and general immunity Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults , Sensitization (sensitization) of the body.

These predisposing factors include a variety of long-occurring infectious-inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx, especially in the paranasal sinuses. Chronic sinusitis and frontal sinusitis often underlie chronic conjunctivitis. The latter do not respond to treatment as long as it stabilizes the state of the paranasal sinuses.

No less common cause of chronic conjunctivitis are long and occurring diseases of the digestive system, including the worm infestation. Therefore, it is recommended for chronic conjunctivitis povodit examination of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas Diabetes and pancreas - the things you need to know The liver, blood investigate the presence of antibodies against helminths.

Finally, the cause of chronic conjunctivitis may be operating hazards in the chemical, milling, textile industry, sawmills, brick, lime factories, as well as light energy and ionizing radiation in various industrial plants. Conjunctival irritation may occur with different visual and wearing incorrect glasses or contact lenses Contact lenses - whether they can completely replace the glasses? .

The direct cause of chronic conjunctivitis can be bacterial, viral or fungal infection Fungal infection: to prevent and defeat   or allergic processes. Thus, chronic conjunctivitis in a child often develops on the background of atopy - congenital allergy and can carry a family character.

Symptoms of chronic conjunctivitis

Unlike acute conjunctivitis chronic conjunctivitis occurs with moderate symptoms, which may then subside, then amplified (undulating course) or permanently disturb the patient.

The main symptoms of chronic conjunctivitis - is discomfort in the eye, a sense of debris. In this age of the conjunctiva slightly reddened, loosened, it has a rough surface, slightly velvety appearance. Patients may be concerned about or increased dryness of the eyes, or periodically appear meager discharge. The disease usually takes a long time and are difficult to treat.

Sometimes it takes the form of chronic conjunctivitis catarrhal process is prolonged, malosimptomno and practically safe to view. Chronic conjunctivitis, a child may take the form of follicular process, with the emergence of small follicles on the conjunctiva (the bubbles). This is due to the tendency of the lymphoid tissue of the conjunctiva of children to sprawl. Same follicles in children can be found on the tonsils and the posterior pharynx stack. With age, they pass without leaving a scar.

How to cure chronic conjunctivitis

To cure chronic conjunctivitis to be effective, it is necessary to identify the disease, maintain it for. If a disease is detected and treated, the phenomenon of conjunctivitis subside. But the problem is that predispose to chronic conjunctivitis diseases are chronic and therefore require long-term systemic treatment.

Treatment of chronic conjunctivitis in adults in addition to the detection and treatment of chronic diseases, includes a healthy active lifestyle, proper balanced diet, elimination of bad habits such as smoking, alcohol abuse. If necessary (if the main supporting factor in the inflammatory process are industrial hazards) patients are also advised to change jobs.

Laboratory examination of conjunctival discharge reveals the direct cause of chronic conjunctivitis and appoint antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal treatment. At the same time treatment is prescribed, strengthening general and local immunity. If chronic conjunctivitis is allergic in nature, prescribe antihistamines.

Chronic conjunctivitis requires a comprehensive examination of the patient, the detection and treatment of long flowing pathological processes in the body of the patient.

Galina Romanenko