The venous system of the lower extremities

The venous system of the lower extremities is divided into superficial veins, deep veins and veins that carry between communication (communicating system). The bulk of the venous blood circulates in the deep veins, the veins in its surface is several times smaller. The blood in the veins is moving from the periphery to the heart, taking the path of the tissue products and carbon dioxide exchange. Such unnatural movement is possible thanks to the work of the heart, which acts as a pump, the valves in the veins themselves which in normal operation prevent backflow of blood, and muscles (mainly calf), reduce walking, venous blood moves up the veins.

Varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency

Varicose veins - veins is characterized by uneven increase in their lumen to form protrusions in the area of ​​thinning of the venous wall, tortuous vessels with the development progress of nodes, functional insufficiency of venous valves and perverted the bloodstream.

When all three of the veins of the lower extremities become insolvent, then the reverse current of venous blood, its stagnation in the venous system, exudation of fluid from congested veins - a condition called venous insufficiency. Usually it resets the blood from the deep veins to the surface through a communicating system.

As shown

The first sign of the disease - the appearance of moderate expansion of the superficial veins in the thigh or lower leg. In some patients appear first leg fatigue, the appearance in them a feeling of heaviness, sensation of pruritus, warmth, sometimes a small swelling Prevention and treatment of edema - it is important to understand the root cause   in the ankle. These complaints are especially characteristic for those staying for a long time on their feet.

Appeared veins progresses, there are nodes, vascular tortuosity. Distribution process is both upwards and downwards. Complaints of patients and the severity of distension in the legs become permanent. There are night cramps in the calf muscles.

Chronic venous insufficiency is divided as follows: 0 degree - no signs of it; I degree - swelling and pain in the legs Pain in the legs - from which they arise? That appear at the end of the working day, held their own with rest; Grade II - swelling and pain persist after rest; Grade III - on the background of swelling and pain appear brown spots on the skin of the lower extremities; Grade IV - the emergence of long non-healing venous ulcers Trophic ulcer - can you handle it?   due to violations of the metabolic processes in the tissues.

Complications

With the rapid progression of varicose veins in the early years of the disease appear complications. But strict relationship between its severity and symptoms are not present. Thus, when a massive varicose feel sick for decades can not suffer, on the contrary, minor varicose veins can cause early for adverse complications. Therefore, in the course of the disease is isolated step compensation (vein still cope with their function) and decompensation (veins fail in its function).

Complications of venous insufficiency may be thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the vein wall with occlusion of its lumen of a blood clot), bleeding from sites of superficial veins, trophic changes of the skin and subcutaneous tissue mainly okololodyzhechnoy region (skin discoloration, dryness and thinning, sores) inflammation of the lymphatic vessels.

Diagnosis of venous insufficiency

Diagnosis of varicose veins are usually not difficult: changing the vein clearly detected when viewed as a winding strands woven and bulging.

It is much harder to determine the violation of the valves of the three systems of veins (superficial, deep and communicating). To determine which system of veins impressed, there are special functional tests, which consist in squeezing the veins in a particular area, then releasing the pressure and supervision of restoration of circulation.

Other diagnostic methods are such as venography (radiography of veins with pre-administration of a contrast agent into a vein), flebotonometriya (check peripheral venous pressure) and thermal imaging (infrared radiation from the registration of the body surface).

Treatment

Treatment of chronic venous insufficiency can be conservative and surgical sclerosing.

The initial form of the disease treated conservatively. Recommended bandaging the affected limb elastic bandage or wearing special stockings, wearing comfortable shoes with a low heel, the right motor mode (avoid prolonged standing and walking for long distances, heavy physical exertion), usually take a horizontal position. To improve the blood circulation in the calf muscles is recommended several times a day, and a bit like 10-15 times up on your toes. Assign also gymnastics, warm foot baths.

Sclerotherapy is used to remove certain portions of the expanded veins and knots. To this must be entered into a vein sclerosing agent, whereby Vienna zapustevaet, and circulation is restored by proliferation of small venous network (collaterals).

Surgical treatments - is the removal of the enlarged portion of the vein.

  Galina Romanenko

Instructions for use

Detraleks is an herbal preparation that helps to cope with chronic venous insufficiency - a disease associated with a sedentary lifestyle and a job that requires a long stationary stay on his feet. Will detraleks and acute hemorrhoids.

How does detraleks

Active ingredients of the drug are detraleks diosmin and hesperidin. Both of these substances belong to the group of bioflavonoids - bioactive substances contained in plants. And diosmin and hesperidin strengthen and tone the vein walls (special study confirmed that when taking detraleks veins are emptied faster), anti-inflammatory effect, reduces venous stasis. In addition, they improve lymphatic flow, reduced blood flow in small blood vessels (capillaries), and increase their resistance to various effects (reduced fragility of capillary walls), reduces elongation veins - all contribute sufficiently rapid removal of edema and the prevention of the formation of a venous thrombus with subsequent the development of inflammation of the walls of veins (thrombophlebitis).

Available detraleks French pharmaceutical company "Laboratory Servier" tablets, film-coated. One tablet contains 450 mg detraleks diosmin and 50 mg hesperidin.

Treatment efficacy Detraleks dependent on dose and duration of its acceptance as diosmin not well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The standard dose is considered to be taking two tablets detraleks per day in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and the drug under the special scheme, developed by the manufacturer, in acute hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids - a shameful disease .

Detraleks excreted from the body mainly in the faeces, and a much smaller part - in the urine.

Who and how to take detraleks

Take detraleks Detraleks - improves the function of blood vessels   fairly long courses on prescription. The indication for admission detraleks is primarily chronic venous insufficiency. There is a final due to the fact that the walls of the veins of the lower extremities lose their tone, stretch, blood stagnates in the veins, which promotes disruption of the venous valves, which normally should prevent backflow of blood. As a result, congestion appear swelling, blood clots are formed, inflamed vein walls, that is, begins thrombophlebitis. Poor circulation leads to disruption of supply of tissues - formed sores.

The first signs of chronic venous insufficiency are heaviness in the legs, leg fatigue morning, the occurrence of venous pattern, transmission through the skin. It was in this period when there are no complications such as thrombophlebitis and trophic ulcers detraleks can bring significant relief and delay the development of chronic venous insufficiency.

But one little detraleks. Requires completely change the style of life, move more, less sit and stand. Assist leisurely walking, wearing special stockings that improve blood circulation. And, of course, if you are overweight, then it should be reduced.

Detraleks in chronic venous insufficiency Venous insufficiency - rapidly Youthful disease   take a tablet twice a day with food (in the afternoon and at night). The duration of treatment prescribed by a doctor, but it should not be less than two weeks.

In acute hemorrhoids detraleks administered in much higher dosages. The first four of the day to 6 tablets per day (3 tablets twice a day), the next three days - 4 tablets per day (2 tablets twice a day). Take the tablets in the morning and evening.

In acute hemorrhoids Acute Hemorrhoids - office workers at risk   Only detraleks is low, you should consult your doctor to assign complex treatment. In addition, it will be necessary to adjust the chair - contribute to a deterioration of constipation.

Contraindications and side effects

Contraindications detraleks are individual intolerance of components and breastfeeding - there is no accurate data on the allocation of the components of the drug to human milk.

In pregnancy, the appointment of detraleks solved individually, it all depends on how he shows a pregnant woman. Under laboratory animals, no negative impact on the fetus was identified.

Detraleks well tolerated. Because side effects are sometimes some of the digestive disorders (nausea, diarrhea and sometimes vomiting) and CNS (dizziness, headaches) systems that do not require discontinuation of therapy.