Many mentally ill people to commit an unlawful act, require compulsory treatment. Carrying out compulsory treatment in medical institutions gated only by court order, as this measure of state coercion.

What is the compulsory treatment and its types

Compulsory treatment - a measure of state coercion, which is not a penalty, and shall be appointed by the court to persons suffering from mental illness and committed socially dangerous acts. The purpose of compulsory treatment - cure or improvement of the mental state of mentally ill people, which further prevent the commission of further crimes.

Compulsory treatment is not censure the act of the patient from the state (Chapter 15 Section 6 of the Criminal Code) and is appointed by the court when a person has committed a socially dangerous act in a state of insanity (insanity - a painful condition of a person during the commission of a crime, which does not allow to impute to it the act accused), which excludes the punishment. Forced treatment is given only when mentally ill people are a danger to society. If they do not pose a danger, the court sends documents to the public health authorities to decide on further observation and treatment of those bodies.

Compulsory treatment is different from the involuntary treatment that, in the latter case, patients have not committed any wrongdoing, but refuse to be treated, at the time, as their condition requires immediate treatment, as threatened by himself or others. Involuntary treatment is carried out in accordance with Article 29 of the RF Law "On psychiatric care and guarantees of citizens' rights in its provision."

Types of compulsory treatment:

• outpatient supervision and treatment by a psychiatrist; this kind of compulsory treatment can be installed to the patient that his mental state does not require placement in a psychiatric hospital;
• treatment in a psychiatric hospital of general type; It is given to patients who on mental condition requires treatment and observation in a hospital, but does not require continuous active surveillance;
• treatment in a specialized psychiatric hospital; It is given to patients who on mental condition require constant supervision;
• treatment in a specialized psychiatric hospital with intensive supervision; prescribed to patients that his mental state is a particular danger to themselves or others, and require intensive constant supervision.

This can be assigned to compulsory treatment

In accordance with the existing legislation (Part 1 of Art. 97 of the Criminal Code) mandatory treatment may be imposed by a court following persons who have committed certain crimes:

• committed a crime in a state of insanity;
• who after the crime occurred a mental disorder, giving it impossible assignment or execution of punishment;
• committed a crime, and mental disorders are not exclusive insanity;
• committed a crime and recognized as in need of treatment for alcoholism or drug addiction.

Compulsory treatment in something similar to criminal penalties, as appointed by the court. But it is not considered a punishment and is not intended to fix the patients are treated in order to cure or improve their mental state and prevent new crimes. The difference is the fact that the court does not set the terms of compulsory treatment, it continues until such time as the mental state of the patient will change so much that he no longer pose a danger to others, and for the patient.

Patients undergoing compulsory treatment in a psychiatric hospital at least once every six months are subject to re-examination of the medical advisory committee to determine their mental state and the possibility of setting the matter before the court for the modification or cancellation of compulsory treatment.

In psychiatric hospitals of the specialized type of re-examination of mental patients undergoing compulsory treatment by the Central Forensic psychiatric expert commission. Persons in involuntary treatment, the right to receive a pension on general grounds.

Compulsory treatment - is not a punishment, and medical measures, allowing to protect society from patients who can commit a crime, both in relation to other people and about themselves.

Galina Romanenko

Personality - a specific person living in a certain historical conditions. He has his own view of the world around him, it takes a certain social status in the society and has its own personality traits. But some individuals by reason of their nature can not "fit" into society, in such cases we speak of personality disorders.

Personality disorders and character accentuation

Everyone has their own individual character. Most people do not interfere with the nature to live in society and to abide by its laws and regulations. But in some cases there are so pronounced and persistent changes in the nature that man can not adapt to society, but he is not aware of and assess their behavior as the only correct. Such changes in the nature of Russian psychiatry traditionally called a psychopath, and now they are called in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) personality disorders.

There are borderline state between normal and pathological nature, which are called character accentuation. Character accentuation characteristic of adolescence, they usually are not so pronounced and may eventually flatten. Pathological behavior disorders accentuation of character leads a person only in certain situations. Disorders of the age of the person and are not always lead to a significant deterioration in the quality of life.

The reasons for the formation of personality disorders in most cases, hereditary (violations of the nature of the type commonly found in close relatives), but has a value, and education, as well as diseases and injuries of the brain.

Personality disorders - rather frequent pathology, it is more common in men in approximately 5% of the population.

Types of personality disorders

Currently identify several types of personality disorders, but more often they are mixed with a predominance of certain features.

Schizoid personality disorder is characterized by sharply flattened emotional background. Such people do not need love and affection, do not exhibit the strong anger, hate, joy and other emotions Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code . This separates them from the rest of the people and makes it impossible to close contacts. Nothing makes them of great interest, no personal life, no work, nor the acquisition of certain skills. There is no desire, and something to do.

When a person paranoid personality disorder characterized by increased suspicion and distrust of all people around. He was all the time it seems that his cheating, arrange a conspiracy against him, and so on. He is looking for hidden meaning and the threat of his most simple words and actions of the people around him. Such a person does not trust anyone, does not forgive insults (very vindictive), constantly dissatisfied with everything, spiteful and aggressive, but is able to hide his feelings from time to time. Revenge can be very cruel.

For obsessive-compulsive personality disorder characterized by a tendency to doubt and caution. Everything these people should take place at once and lodged rules. They are unable to perform any work, because the endless digging into the details and bring them to perfection just do not let you finish the job. They have no personal life, since she did not have time, and loved ones do not meet the excessive demands of such a person. All life is planned, but bogged down in the details.

Anxiety (avoidant, avoidant) personality disorder is characterized by the fact that a person is firmly convinced of its unattractiveness and the inability to do anything. It makes him constantly to avoid contact with people. They are very worried about it, but can not bear any criticism or ridicule in his address. Such evasion of life makes social inclusion impossible, in patients with no personal or public life.

Histrionic personality disorder manifested very high emotion, pointedly feelings and behavior. The behavior of such a person is inappropriate and ridiculous, as it seeks to always and everywhere to be the best, but his feelings and judgments are superficial, so he is unable for a long time to attract attention and it is very traumatic for him. These people love theatrical gestures, very suggestible and vulnerable to another's influence. They can not do anything if there is no audience around.

When antisocial personality disorder characterized by a person antisocial behavior. He is rude, irritable, conflict is not considered with the norms of morality and public order, in all their failures blames others, always finds an explanation for his behavior. Such people are unable to learn from their mistakes and plan something, they are false and are very aggressive.

Passive-aggressive personality disorder - a sullen angry, envious people, with a tendency to exaggerate their troubles. Unable to do anything because of constant conflict, resentment and passive resistance to any activity.

Treatment of personality disorders

A feature of personality disorders is that people do not realize that they need help. As well as the lack of mental health care leads to a complete loss of human social life, is very important part in the process of correcting their behavior loved ones and timely access to a psychiatrist.

To correct the behavior of these people the courses of psychotherapy, using a variety of techniques. Drug treatment is rarely used and only for the relief of severe agitation, anxiety or depressed mood (depression).

The earlier the age of the patient to ask for help to a psychiatrist, the more he will have a chance to rebuild their lives.

Galina Romanenko