Pulmonary candidiasis - one of the most common complications of infectious and inflammatory diseases associated with frequent and prolonged use of antibiotics. As a rule, a secondary process that joins the inflammatory processes of bacterial and viral origin.

Causes of pulmonary candidiasis

Pulmonary candidiasis is caused by yeast fungi of the genus Candida, which in small amounts is constantly live on the mucous membranes of humans. When the oppression of the natural microflora of the mucous, which normally inhibits the growth of fungi, begins its rapid growth, which leads to the disease. The natural microflora often suppressed with antibiotics Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future? Which is prescribed for bacterial and viral infections. A pulmonary candidiasis is already a secondary (to join another) infection.

Occurrence pulmonary candidiasis possibly also against pulmonary tuberculosis, in which the patient receiving prolonged antibiotic therapy, as well as any processes which may lead to reduced immune system: asthma, if it is treated with glucocorticoids, cancer of any location after the application of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, AIDS and so on.

What happens in the broncho-pulmonary system

The fungi genus Candida, multiply in the mucous membrane of the alveoli (sacs at the ends of the small airways that make up the fabric of the lungs) cause them small areas of necrosis (necrosis) of tissue. These areas of necrosis surrounded protein exudate from the blood vessels surrounding the alveolus (fibrin). Such foci may exist for a long time, sometimes they lead to the destruction of the small blood vessels that manifests the appearance of blood in the sputum expectorated.

In some cases, severe disease, such as foci arise in the bronchi. As a result of this process in the lung tissue forming small abscesses, pus-filled, the outcome of which is a scarring of the lungs, and the expansion of the connective tissue (fibrosis of the lungs).

Symptoms

Starts with pulmonary candidiasis joining the main disease of painful unproductive dry (without mucus) cough, after the attacks which sometimes stands little phlegm. It appears also expressed weakness, malaise, chills, excessive sweating, especially at night. The process develops gradually, can turn up the heat, which then drops to normal, and then rises again. Gradually the mucus becomes much, it becomes purulent (a sign of mixed fungal and bacterial infections), it appears blood.

A doctor can listen to a variety of wheezing lungs from dry whistling to large and small wet. The disease usually is prolonged, sluggish, constant subfebrile (rising to the low numbers) exhausting the patient's temperature, periodic improvement and deterioration. Often, the process starts and ends in the form of bronchitis Bronchitis - protection if the body has malfunctioned   and passes on their own, even without treatment, but some time back again.

Pneumonia is usually a fungal origin melkoochagovogo, it can be both unilateral and bilateral, it occurs more frequently in the lower lung (as opposed to TB Tuberculosis - a full recovery is not guaranteed That hits the top of the lungs).

How can you identify pulmonary candidiasis

The diagnosis of pulmonary candidiasis is difficult to establish, since the fungi of the genus Candida can be caught in the sputum of the patient and of the oral cavity, where they live permanently. Distinguish pulmonary candidiasis of infectious and inflammatory diseases of different origin according to the X-ray light as impossible - pneumonia of any origin in the pictures looks the same. Therefore, the diagnosis is most often made on the basis of clinical data, and with prolonged persistent throughout his support using bronchoscopy Bronchoscopy - unpleasant but necessary   (study of bronchial mucosa with a special light equipment - bronchoscope), during which the material is taken from the bronchial tubes for laboratory examination.

Treatment

It has the value of the diet. Do not eat food, comprising digestible carbohydrates - sweets and baking, they are an excellent nutrient medium for a fungus that can develop in the gastrointestinal tract, proceeding therefrom in the blood and the lungs.

Treatment of pulmonary candidiasis conducted using antifungal agents (flukonozola, nystatin, levorin, clotrimazole etc.). When a moderate course of their appointed interior in the form of tablets long courses with small breaks. In severe assigned a more active antifungal medication - In amfotertsin intravenously for one to two months.

Do not forget about the restoration of immunity for this patient initially conducted immunological study (immunogram), the results of which are appointed by immunomodulators affecting certain "broken" links of immunity. Restorative treatment - is in the form of vitamins, raw vegetables and fruits, vitamin-mineral complexes, the maximum exposure to fresh air and tempering.

Galina Romanenko

Mucosolvan in the dosage form as a syrup commonly used to treat children of any age with broncho-pulmonary diseases. But Mucosolvan syrup can also be used for adults - some patients like his pleasant raspberry or orange flavor.

What are the characteristics Mucosolvan in syrup

Mucosolvan syrup is more suitable for children, since in addition to the main active ingredient ambroxol contains simple sugar, raspberry or orange flavor and other flavor enhancers. The syrup teaspoonful (5 ml) for children contained 15 mg of ambroxol. For adults and children older than six years is produced syrup in a teaspoon containing 30 mg of ambroxol. Mucosolvan syrup in its action does not differ from Mucosolvan in tablet or liquid form and can therefore be administered in appropriate dosage and adult patients.

The syrup is taken orally, it is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract into the blood, and thence into the fabric. Acting Mucosolvan starts within 30 minutes after intake and its effect lasts 6-12 hours. In the tissues of the bronchial tubes, it stimulates formation of mucous secretion and contributes to liquefaction - under the influence of Mucosolvan intensify its action enzymes, thinning phlegm. Simultaneously, the cilia of the bronchial mucosa under the influence Mucosolvan beginning to move, expelling phlegm from the bronchial tubes.

Equally important is the formation of a surfactant - a substance that coats the inside of the alveoli (sacs at the end of the small airways) and does not allow them to subside. Mucosolvan decomposed in the liver and then excreted in the urine.

Overall syrup Mucosolvan has mucolytic (phlegm) and expectorant action, so it is often prescribed for diseases of the bronchi and the lungs of children and adults.

In some cases, prescribe Mucosolvan syrup and when it is contraindicated

Syrup Mucosolvan prescribed for acute and chronic inflammation in the airways. Often, especially in children, acute respiratory viral infections cause complications such as bronchitis and pneumonia Pneumonia - Symptoms and Causes . Such complications often with obsessive dry cough, which doctors try to translate in the wet. For this purpose, usually given comprehensive treatment, which consists of mucolytics and expectorants. Mucosolvan combines both of these properties and so today it is widely used in various inflammatory processes in the broncho-pulmonary system.

An important component of a comprehensive treatment Mucosolvan and chronic diseases of bronchial tubes and lungs. In this case, it allows you to release phlegm from the bronchial tubes, and thus prevent another escalation of the disease. Mucosolvan with bronchodilators (dilate bronchi) drugs used to treat chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary (with impaired patency of the bronchi) lung disease, bronchiectasis Bronchiectasis - when the work light under threat   and asthma in children and adults.

Mucosolvan syrup is contraindicated if you are hypersensitive its components, and the body of the patient in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. The caution should be applied to the rest of the pregnancy, during breast Breastfeeding - a personal choice   breast and severe liver and kidney diseases in children and adults, which are accompanied by significant impairment of their function.

How to take

Syrup Mucosolvan taken orally after meal with water or any other liquid. Syrup for children, containing 15 mg of ambroxol in 5 ml (one teaspoon) designate in the following doses:

• adults and children over 12 years - two teaspoons (10 mL) three times a day;
• children aged six to 12 years old - one teaspoon (5 ml) two - three times a day;
• children aged two to six years each appoint half a teaspoon (2.5 mL) three times a day;
• children under two years of age - half teaspoon (2.5 ml) twice daily.
• Mucosolvan syrup with a dosage of 30 mg in 5 mL administered to children after 6 years and adults in the following dosages:
• adults and children over 12 years - a teaspoon (5 ml) three times a day;
• for children aged six to 12 years - half teaspoon (2.5 ml) two to three times per day.

Side effects

Side effects with the use of the syrup Mucosolvan rare, but sometimes when it is received, pain in the stomach, heartburn, nausea and vomiting. Also rarely develop and allergic reactions - they occur most often in the form of urticaria, which may be complicated by angioedema (swelling of the larynx with respiratory failure). Even rarer anaphylactic reactions.

Mucosolvan syrup used to treat cough in children Treatment of cough in children - is to look for the cause   and adults.

Galina Romanenko