What does the preventive dentistry

Preventive dentistry is aimed at the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the teeth, periodontal tissues and oral mucosa. The functions of restorative dentistry also includes the development of various new diagnostic and preventive methods, revealing the links between dental diseases and diseases of the internal organs.

The main objectives of restorative dentistry:

• detection, treatment and prevention of dental caries;
• restoration of damaged teeth with modern filling materials;
• endodontic dental treatment - treatment of tissue positioned within the cavity and root canals of the tooth;
• detection, treatment and prevention of diseases of carious teeth;
• treatment of diseases of the oral mucosa;
• detection, treatment and prevention of diseases of periodontal tissues (periodontal).

Diagnostics in restorative dentistry

Dental diseases are identified using different survey methods. Apply heat and cold to determine the response of dental tissues. With the help of these techniques can identify the difference between caries, pulpitis Pulpit: what to do to not get on the table of the surgeon?   (inflammation of the soft tissues of the tooth, which are located in the cavity) and periodontitis Periodontitis - a serious complication of pulpitis   (inflammation of the ligament that holds the tooth in the cell).

With the electric pulp test (EDI) determine the threshold of soft tissues of the tooth and periodontal tissue, it allows the disease to identify those tissues.

Sometimes, to clarify the nature of the lesion of the oral mucosa and soft tissues is performed microbiological testing. By plating on nutrient media of material taken from the inflammatory focus, identify the infectious agent and its sensitivity to antibiotics.

For intraoral X-ray examination is carried out, sights and review shots, exterior shots, including tomographic studies (layered images). With the help of contrast medium are conducting a study of the salivary glands (sialography).

There are also special biological samples that help to clarify the diagnosis. For example, the sample Aldrich, with which you can identify hidden swelling of the oral mucosa or the method of determining Kulazhenko capillary permeability.

Treatments used in restorative dentistry

In service dental therapist many treatments. Thus, caries in the stage of spot is treated in different ways remineralization (recovery of mineral composition) of enamel. This introduction into solid teeth tissues and calcium fluoride using the applications and electrophoresis.

To treat the deeper stages of dental caries performed first cavity preparation (expansion of its cutoff carious More about caries - take care of your teeth until it's too late   tissue), and then filling. For dental fillings Tooth filling - do not fear the dentist   Today there is a wide range of filling materials, dental therapist tells the patient to be sure about their advantages and disadvantages. With the help of modern filling materials can not only be sealed, and fully restore the appearance of the tooth so that it will not differ from healthy.

Treatment of pulpitis and root canal section provides therapeutic dentistry called endodontics. This is a relatively new area has many of its techniques. Thus, inflammation of the pulp is treated with special medical dressings or temporary seals it completely or partially removed, or removed mummified root canal pulp. When pulpitis is impossible to fill the aching tooth, it is first necessary to cure. After treatment imposed a temporary filling, and if within 7-14 days of the tooth does not hurt - it's constant.

Great importance is attached to preventive dentistry techniques of anesthesia. Today, there are anesthetics for topical application which can completely eliminate the pain. Even before the treatment of the patient concerned about severe pain, it will be removed and the treatment will be painless.

Another problem - treatment periodontal tissues. Inflammatory processes (periodontitis) and metabolic disorders (periodontal disease) in these tissues are able to completely destroy teeth. Periodontics has many methods of treating such diseases. But the treatment is long, it requires patience from both the dentist and the patient.

Preventive dentistry - this is the first stage in the dental clinic: it is the dentist-therapist handle all problems with the teeth, and he was send to the dental offices of other profiles.

Galina Romanenko

Complete loss of teeth

Due to the loss of teeth is a significant change in the whole structure of the dental system:

• atrophy (decrease in size) the bones of the jaws;
• changes bite (character clamping teeth and bite height);
• It changes the appearance of the patient.

The lower jaw is raised above the chin moves forward, increasing the severity of nasolabial folds and genial, the corners of his mouth dropped. It lowers the tone of chewing and facial muscles, change the function of the temporomandibular joint and the nature of the movement of the lower jaw. Missing teeth violates the primary processing of food in the mouth, which can affect the function of the gastrointestinal tract and contribute to the emergence of diseases (gastritis, gastric ulcer). This function is also disturbed breathing and swallowing.

Orthopaedic treatment with complete loss of teeth

For orthopedic treatment in the absence of teeth using complete dentures. It is important for them is to commit:

• adhesiveness (adhesion) of the prosthesis to the underlying soft tissues;
• anatomic retention (degree of relief and shape of the underlying tissue, preventing the freedom of movement of the prosthesis during motion and at rest);
• the creation of a prosthesis discharged airspace.

Removable plate prostheses

Removable structure laminar prostheses are used when there are large dental defects and defects that have no bearing on the opposite jaw, in the absence of teeth. Removable plate prosthesis includes:

• of base (the plate of plastic and metal, which replicate the surface topography underlying mucous membrane and the teeth side surfaces on which they are superimposed);
• artificial teeth;
• clasps (devices, fixing dentures on the remaining teeth in the mouth).

Laminar prostheses have certain drawbacks:

• may cause atrophy (shrinking) of the pressure on the tissue lying under the prosthesis;
• lead to chronic inflammatory processes due to constant exposure to the mucosa;
• cause carious process in areas adjoining the base and clasps the teeth.

Removable Clasp (arc) prostheses

The removable clasp designs shortcomings behind the plate, since they are eliminated by the introduction in their structure supporting clasps (devices, fixing dentures to stay in the mouth the teeth), supporting-restraint or locking devices, reducing the area of ​​the base and separate it into parts connected by a metal arc - clasp.

Clasp dentures chewing load is distributed between the supporting teeth and the mucous membrane of the underlying tissues of the oral cavity by means of the arc. Therefore, they are used in the initial stages of the destruction of the dental arches when the remaining teeth allow to arrange klammernuyu system without danger of rough functional overload. The frame of the arc of the prosthesis must exactly match the prosthetic bed, consist of a minimum fine details, while maintaining rigidity.

Introduction and removal of the denture

The introduction of the prosthesis - the movement of the prosthesis from his initial contacts klammernyh systems abutments to full contact with the base prosthetic bed (tissues of the maxillofacial area, outside the area of ​​the prosthesis). After this base tight to the prosthetic bed and pads are placed in their boxes on the abutment teeth.

For each patient, can be found several ways of insertion, but selects the most convenient, which creates less interference, in which the prosthesis is easy to apply and provides the same load in all the abutment teeth. Removal of the prosthesis - a movement of the prosthesis in the opposite direction. The routes of administration and removal of the prosthesis determines the orthopedic surgeon after a thorough examination of the patient and work on a special machine (parallelometer).

After applying dentures

Removable design at first felt as a foreign body. They change the physiology of the masticatory apparatus. The prosthesis reduces oral violates the formation of sounds and clarity of pronunciation, changes the nature of chewing movements. When this enhanced salivation may be vomiturition, loss of taste and temperature sensations shortness nibble and chewing of food, blurred speech. These effects are reduced by the end of first week of wear of the prosthesis and disappear after 3-4 weeks. After getting used to the prosthesis it is removed during sleep Dreams: how to understand our dreams   and conduct regular sanitary processing.

Galina Romanenko