In violation of the metabolic processes in periodontal tissues of the teeth begin to break down one after another. This condition is called periodontitis. His treatment may take more than one year. Today, we developed modern methods of treatment of periodontal disease, which keep the periodontal tissues in good condition.
What is periodontal disease and why it begins
Periodontal disease - periodontal disease (periodontal tissue), characterized by lesions of all its constituent parts, the destruction of the tooth connection with the destruction of the gums and strengthens the jaw bone. If periodontal disease is not treated, the teeth fall out. Periodontal disease was first described in the middle of the XVIII century, but then it was called "false scurvy." Periodontal disease - it is a common disease, the incidence of which increases with age.
The cause of periodontal disease - a violation of the metabolic processes in periodontal tissues under the influence of external and internal causes. External causes include poor diet (deficiency of protein, vitamins and minerals, excessive consumption of sweet and fatty foods), malocclusion
Malocclusion: fix is never too late
, Poor oral hygiene, the formation of tartar on the teeth, which is located between the gum and tooth, forming pockets where the infection is accumulated.
Internal factors contributing to the development of periodontal disease include genetic disorders, dysregulation of metabolic processes in the central nervous system (CNS) disorders, immune disorders, severe diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and other reasons.
What happens to the periodontal tissues with periodontitis
Changing periodontal tissue in this disease depends on the general and local factors. The basis of the development of periodontal disease - a violation of immunity under the influence of the components of dental plaque, periodontal disturbance in metabolism
Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things
, Inflammation and circulatory disorder arising from neurohumoral (CNS and the blood) in the body shifts. Particular substances that cause inflammation (inflammatory mediators, e.g., histamine), enzymes, bacteria, accumulated in plaque, and other factors cause irritation and ligament destruction circular tooth, the tooth is separated from the periodontal tissues to form a pocket therebetween. As a result of these processes, the metabolism in the jaw bone, which leads to a reduction in the volume of the alveolar bone and dental resorption, loosening and loss of teeth.
Poor circulation in the periodontal tissues begins with a short-term phase of expansion vessels under the influence of inflammatory mediators. Then comes the phase of narrowing of blood vessels stable with a tendency to form blood clots that clog the lumen of blood vessels. As a result of disrupted supply of nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and periodontal slows down metabolism
Improves metabolism and losing weight without dieting
. Gradually, the blood vessels become narrow and winding.
Due to the loss of teeth broken chewing of food, and can develop diseases of the digestive system. Periodontal pockets, as the focus of infection, can cause sensitization and development of autoimmune (allergic to its own tissues) lesions of the heart, kidneys and joints.
Symptoms of periodontal disease
Periodontal disease begins gradually, with the defeat of several teeth. But gradually, the process captures all periodontal tissues. There are the following stages of periodontal disease: initial, develop and stage of stabilization (remission).
In the initial stages of periodontal disease occurs as an inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) with their redness, swelling, or growth of the decrease in the amount of gum tissue. At the stage of gingivitis which developed captures all the gums are reddened, swollen, with large periodontal pockets, of which often pus. From the large amount of tartar teeth become mobile, are beginning to fall, there is bad breath, and violation of diction. Overall condition is usually not impaired, but in some cases it worsens. Remission occurs after the complex treatment: inflammation subsides, reduced mobility of teeth and the depth of periodontal pockets.
Meet and periodontal disease, which occurs with advantageous metabolic disorders, it proceeds more slowly, without sudden exacerbations. At the same time there is a significant decline in the jaw bone, which does not allow to form periodontal pockets.
Diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease
The diagnosis of periodontal disease put on the basis of survey data confirm the dentist and laboratory and radiological studies.
Treatment - is, as a rule, general and local effect on the pathological process in the periodontium. Local treatment - the removal of tartar, anti-inflammatory treatment and curettage
Curettage - Women's mini-operation
(scraping the special tool) periodontal pockets. Sometimes there are special periodontal surgery: cut off the dead tissue, increases soft tissue and bone. Prescribe, improves blood circulation in the periodontal field.
General treatment - is the elimination of inflammatory processes, increase immunity, restorative treatment in the form of vitamin and mineral complexes.
Treatment of periodontal disease should be comprehensive, individual and systematic.
Galina Romanenko
