Diabetes conquering the planet every year join its ranks thousands of patients from different countries. This disease, once established in a person already does not disappear, sometimes forcing the patient to change lifestyle and diet drastically. There are several types of diabetes, at each of which apply their treatments, but always occupies an important place special observance of rules of supply.

Why do I need special food for diabetes

In diabetes of any type of exchange is disturbed insulin in humans: either it stops producing that occurs in diabetes of the first type or its production is reduced, or reduced insulin sensitivity by reducing the number of insulin receptors in them. For all these processes are responsible pancreas. Failed in its work can result from stress How to beat stress? Create an oasis , Malnutrition, trauma, and the risk is much higher when the existing genetic predisposition. Dietary food used in diabetes, is designed to reduce the burden on the pancreas and distribute it evenly throughout the day, which gives her the opportunity to make maximum use of their own funds.

The principles of nutrition in diabetes

All products people with diabetes divided into three groups:

• those that can be eaten without limitation, all the vegetables, unsweetened fruit, greens;
• those which may have, but need to control their use, for example, by counting the bread units;
• those that need to significantly limit, for instance, sugar, sweet drinks and the like.

Bread units are counted by means of special tables in which a certain number of products corresponds to a certain value of grain units. The basis is the position that every bread unit equivalent to four grams of carbohydrates.

Much attention is paid to glycemic index foods, which is determined from the ratio of "fast" and "slow" carbohydrates in them, as the first cause an immediate rise in blood sugar Blood sugar - a very important indicator   (sugar, sweet tea), and the second - soft, a few hours (from cereal grains). Of course, the preferred products with "slow" carbohydrates.

The temperature of food affects the speed of its processing: warm foods are digested quickly, and cold - slowly, so you can indulge sometimes ice cream.

Features power for different types of diabetes

Each type of diabetes has its feeding habits.

Diet in diabetes first type should help retain the patient of normal weight, as this disease is accelerated metabolism Improves metabolism and losing weight without dieting And patients lose weight fast. At the same time, the food should be distributed evenly throughout the day, so you can easily control the increase of glucose in the blood introduction of insulin from the outside, rather than producing constant recalculations.

In diabetes of the second type it is also important to keep a healthy weight, but in this case - to see to it that it is not excessive, since these patients generally tend to be overweight. For them it is very important to choose food that does not cause spikes in blood glucose, to have enough own resources of the pancreas.

For children who suffer from diabetes - basically, this is the first type - is very important to the normal physical and mental development, so good nutrition for them is indispensable. Getting a full range of vitamins and minerals in the correct mode of the day and power, against the corresponding insulin The basic principles of insulin - is correct in everything The child will be no different from their peers.

Svetlana Shimkovich

The question of what should be the proper nutrition salmonellosis, still causes a lot of disputes. Until recently, many experts recommend salmonella sick for a couple of days generally abstain from food and drink plenty of water and infusions of herbs. Today, most doctors recommend to eat according to their appetite, choosing foods that are easily digested and do not increase the symptoms of infection such as diarrhea and vomiting. And yet, is there a specific diet in salmonellosis or not?

What could have salmonellosis?

In the early days after the onset of symptoms of salmonellosis Symptoms of salmonellosis - the definition of disease severity   based diet should be water and other liquids. No matter what you eat, drink, need a lot - at least two liters of fluid every day. Doctors recommend drinking water How to drink water to lose weight   a little bit - about a pair of sips every five minutes. It contributes to the full hydration of the body, and rarely leads to bouts of vomiting after drinking.

Enough is effective BRAT-diet salmonellosis. It includes foods that contain relatively little dietary fiber, so they rarely aggravate the symptoms of Salmonella infection. BRAT - is an acronym formed from the first letters of the products that are the basis of this diet: bananas Bananas: the benefits and harms health , Rice, applesauce, toast (Eng. Banana, rice, apple sauce, toasts). It is recommended to eat white rice and white bread for toast - they contain less total dietary fiber. The diet can also be included unleavened crackers (containing the minimum amount of sugar or salt), boiled potatoes (from it is better to prepare mashed potatoes), light vegetable soups and pasta. Toast can have a small amount of honey.

Diet salmonellosis in children depends on their age. Infant should be, if possible, continue to breastfeed or formula milk. If salmonella Salmonellosis - features of the disease   the baby causes severe diarrhea and vomiting, and severe malaise, due to which the child refuses to eat, requiring hospitalization and, in some cases, intravenous fluids, which should compensate for the loss of moisture and nutrients.

Older children primarily as an adult, BRAT-recommended diet, but in recent years, doctors have come to the conclusion that such a diet - not the best choice for the patient with salmonellosis child. In this diet contains too little fiber, protein, fat and vitamins to the child's body can normally recover from the disease. Currently, pediatricians typically recommend to transfer children to normal nutrition within 24 hours after the first signs of salmonellosis. The child's diet should include a variety of fruits, vegetables, meat, dairy products, complex carbohydrates. With regard to food in the first days of the disease, there is need to focus on health and the child's appetite. If he wants to eat, you can give him a light meal, such as vegetable soup, chicken soup, mashed potatoes. If not - do not worry, as long as it is a lot of drinking.

What you can not have salmonellosis?

Patients with salmonellosis is recommended to exclude from your diet the following foods:

• Dairy. Adult patients should refrain from the use of these products in the early days, when the symptoms are very pronounced. After vomiting and diarrhea pass, dairy products can be gradually included in the diet, but do not abuse them - as long as the body has not fully recovered from the disease, it can cause problems with digestion;
• Fatty and spicy dishes. Such products (by the way, they include and pastries, which were used for the production of large amounts of fat) stimulate flatulence and can make diarrhea worse;
• Foods high in dietary fiber. Although usually the experts say about the benefits of fiber, salmonellosis it should be used as little as possible. Dietary fiber is found in large quantities in many fruits and vegetables, grains, seeds, nuts and legumes. Her intestines processing expends a lot of energy, while Salmonella infection he already worn out. So, abandoning the products with a high concentration of fiber, you "unload" the intestines, and give him an opportunity as soon as possible to excrete the bacteria that lead to infection;
• Alcohol and caffeine increase the risk of dehydration and, in some cases, enhance diarrhea. Until then, until the symptoms of salmonellosis will not disappear, it should abandon any products containing caffeine - from chocolate, tea, cocoa, coffee and energy drinks, as well as any alcohol;
• Apple and pear juice. In some patients, these juices can worsen diarrhea; this is due to the high content of fructose;
• Carbonated drinks and chewing gum - both products stimulate excessive flatulence.

Diet after salmonellosis

When symptoms of salmonellosis disappear or become much less pronounced than at the peak of the disease, you can begin to gradually return to normal diet. Meals after salmonellosis should be as varied, but easy. First, in the above BRAT-diet can introduce yogurt, cottage cheese, various cereals. After a couple of days, you can begin gradually to eat fresh vegetables and boiled chicken. If the use of any product begins again vomiting or diarrhea, give him a few more days. Fatty meats, fried foods, legumes, foods with lots of spices and carbonated drinks is recommended to avoid, at least for two or three weeks after the symptoms disappear salmonellosis.