Causes and symptoms of hypothyroidism

Myxedema or hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland reduction The thyroid gland - is responsible for your hormones . It is known that thyroid hormones contribute to the energy exchange, and as they become small, broken, and other types of metabolism Metabolism: The basis of life of all living things   (biochemical processes can not proceed without energy), which in turn leads to disruption of the internal organs.

Hypothyroidism can be primary and secondary. Primary hypothyroidism occurs in congenital anomalies thyroid after inflammatory processes, operations on it and so on. In secondary hypothyroidism Secondary hypothyroidism: find the cause   thyroid itself is not changed, the disease process is in other parts of the endocrine system, which affect the thyroid gland (e.g., tumors or trauma pituitary or hypothalamus).

Symptoms of hypothyroidism - increasing lethargy, fatigue, memory impairment, somnolence, edema, dry skin, and constipation. Changes the appearance of a man: the face is more rounded, puffy, especially the swollen lower eyelids, the lips become bluish hue, cheeks - pink and bluish. The skin is cold, dry, rough, heavily shelled. Swelling of the neck can lead to shortness of breath, hoarseness, nasal congestion, hearing loss. Hair falls on his head and body. Reduced function of all organs: reduced heart rate, decreases secretion of the glands of the gastrointestinal tract, gonads, brain activity (loss of memory and intellect), decreased production of red blood cells and hemoglobin (iron deficiency anemia), obesity appears.

If patients do not receive adequate treatment, the disease can be complicated by hypothyroid coma: there confusion sometimes - seizures, then there is a loss of consciousness and death.

Basic principles of diet in hypothyroidism

Therapeutic food hypothyroidism is based on the principle of reducing the energy value of the daily diet (limited number of easily digestible carbohydrates and fats), and stimulation of metabolic processes in the body (increases the amount of protein foods, vitamins and minerals).

The energy value of the daily set of products is reduced mainly due to the carbohydrates and less fat. Restrict primarily carbohydrate (all sweet, butter, flour), and foods rich in cholesterol (animal fats, fatty meats, fish, brains, fish eggs, offal, butter, sour cream, etc.).

At the same time, it increases the amount of products which contain complex carbohydrates, especially rich in dietary fiber. It is vegetables, fruits, berries, cereals (especially buckwheat). Complex carbohydrates are absorbed slowly and are a constant source of sustained energy. Vegetable fibers do not split in the intestine, it promotes the food through the intestines and cleanse it from stagnation and fecal stones.

Fats limited only animal, vegetable fat (particularly olive oil) contribute to reduce blood cholesterol.

The diet of patients with hypothyroidism should be a high content of protein foods (lean meat, fish, cheese, milk products, cheese), vitamins and mineral salts. All these ingredients speed up metabolism. Dairy products also help reduce constipation, which is very typical for patients with hypothyroidism. For loose stools they appoint as dried fruits (apricots, dates, figs, prunes), which swell in the intestine and contribute to the promotion of feces. Will also fresh beet juice, which can be mixed with carrot and apple juice (pure beet juice can irritate the gastrointestinal tract).

Since patients with hypothyroidism are expressed edema, it is recommended to limit the use of salt and fluid.

In the struggle with constipation in addition to enrich the diet of fiber shown drinking day milk products (kefir, yogurt), prunes, beet juice, rye bread.

Features diet hypothyroidism obesity complications

The flow of hypothyroidism is often complicated by obesity. In such cases, the number 8 is assigned to a diet that has a lower energy value (1800 kcal). In the hospital with severe degree of obesity energy value can be further reduced (up to 1200-600 kcal). A special feature of this diet is a normal protein content. Recommended lean meats, fish, cottage cheese, yogurt, buckwheat, vegetables, unsweetened fruit varieties.

The main treatment for hypothyroidism - a replacement thyroid hormone therapy Thyroid hormones: mechanism of action and physiological effects . Nevertheless, diet can significantly alleviate the condition of such patients.

Nutrition of patients with acute pancreatitis

Often pancreatitis cause gallstones.

They can block the movement not only of bile and pancreatic enzymes Diabetes and pancreas - the things you need to know , Whereby enzymes begin to accumulate in the prostate. The function of these enzymes - the breakdown of food in the small intestine; not being able to get there, they begin to destroy the pancreatic tissue. Therefore, the diet for the prevention of acute pancreatitis should contribute to the health of the gallbladder.

To pancreas after an attack of acute pancreatitis can recover important that she had to work as little as possible. Therefore, within a few days after the onset patients often fed through a dropper.

• Less fat

So the body can cope with the consequences of pancreatitis, it is important to eat as little fat. It also helps to cope with the problem of gallstones Gall bladder: structure and function .

It is especially important to avoid saturated and trans fats. Eat lean meat, discard intermediates and muffins.

• Antioxidants

Antioxidants fight free radicals, which cause significant harm to the body's tissues, and can trigger acute pancreatitis. They are contained in the berries, fruits and vegetables, and green tea.

• Avoid irritants

Alcohol, caffeine and nicotine irritate the pancreas. Limit their consumption or abstain entirely from them.

Meals can be taken only after a full pass of pain and vomiting. Typically this occurs on the fourth day and later. It was found that the most beneficial on the patient with acute pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis - is easier to prevent than to treat   It affects yogurt - it is easily absorbed and digested, without irritating the gastrointestinal tract. It is prescribed to 100 ml every 30 minutes. On the first day after the fasting patient can eat a liter of yogurt (good tolerability of the product, that is, if the reception is not curdled caused deterioration). The next day is added to the diet of 200-250 g fat grated cheese.

In the future, the patient is transferred to the first version of the diet number 5P (pancreatic). This diet is appointed for 3-7 days and provides for the establishment of maximum functional rest the pancreas, mechanical calm the stomach, duodenum and intestines, reducing the reflex excitability of the gallbladder. The diet limited protein, fat and digestible carbohydrates. The food is steamed or boiled and rubbed. Energy value of the diet 1300-1800 kakl. The food taken in small portions and frequently (at least 6 times a day).

A maximum of one week the patient is transferred to the second version of the diet number 5P. This diet is more extended: increases to normal amounts of protein, energy value is equal to 2300-2500 kcal per day. All dishes are prepared only as a couple, boiled or stewed, but do not wipe, and crushed to small pieces.

In the future, if the pain is not renewed, patients may receive a normal diet, limiting intake of fried, spicy, fatty, smoked foods, concentrated meat and fish soups, sweets and confectionery. In no case can not drink alcoholic beverages.

If the patient suffered acute pancreatitis, that adhere to certain rules in the diet it will have life.