Many known that protein in urine should be. And if a woman has its presence can be explained by hitting the urine discharge their genital tract, both the presence of protein in urine can be explained in men? First of all, you need to understand whether the protein in the urine do, that is to retake the analysis.

Why a re-analysis of urine

There are several reasons. Firstly, a small amount of protein in the urine may be due to contact with urine or urinary pus from the genital tract, and sperm - these fluids contain protein. Retake analysis in this case is very important: if it is true protein in the urine, the most likely interested kidneys, and if there is a protein or a little, but a lot of white blood cells, it indicates the presence of inflammation in the urinary tract.

A small amount of protein (0 to 3 g / l) may be present in urine and in normal male, he has the right to lose urine protein to 100 mg per day. This may be due to strenuous exercise (weight lifting, exercise), hypothermia, stress How to beat stress? Create an oasis . Often there is protein in the urine of young boys (orthostatic protein). This protein in the urine called saline. If you retake the analysis is recommended to exclude anything that might cause a protein and if the re-delivery of protein analysis is not detected, it is considered the norm.

What kind of kidney disease can cause the appearance of protein in the urine

By the loss of body protein in the urine leads primarily renal disease. The body loses a lot of protein in glomerulonephritis - infectious and allergic diseases of the kidneys, which are based on allergic to their own tissues. As a result of impaired renal function if they are normal is first passed into the primary urine much protein, and then it re-adsorbed in blood, glomerulonephritis Glomerulonephritis - a severe infection of the kidneys   a significant portion of protein excreted in the urine as impaired glomerular filtration - glomeruli are permeable to large molecules of protein. Glomerulonephritis - a serious disease that requires long-term treatment.

Protein in the urine, but in much smaller numbers, can be found in inflammatory diseases of the kidney - pyelonephritis. But in this case be present in urine and a large number of leukocytes. Latent pyelonephritis Pyelonephritis - kidney disease   men - is an occasion for a thorough examination and to identify the causes that can continuously maintain the inflammatory process. This may be a reflux - a reverse flow of urine, which appears in place of the anatomic obstacles to its movement. This leads to stagnation of urine and constantly maintain the inflammatory process. Eliminates reflux usually expeditious way.

Protein in the urine of men can appear as a result of toxic metabolic or renal diseases that contribute to the violation of their functions, including the re-absorption of the protein from the primary urine in the blood. In such cases we speak of tubular disorders associated with the inability of the kidney tubules tissue to absorb re-proteins that have passed through the system neizmenennyuyu glomerular kidney (glomerular filter). Such diseases include amyloidosis, acute tubular necrosis, and others.

The appearance of protein in the urine during extrarenal diseases

Protein in the urine can appear not only in the kidney. For example, hemolytic anemia occurs destruction of a large number of erythrocytes, the protein that enters the blood plasma, and then partially excreted in the urine.

The same can happen in the destruction of muscle tissue, because muscles are made of protein. Therefore necrosis of muscle tissue appears in the urine protein (myoglobinuria). A lot of protein in the urine is when gangrene limb breaks when a large number of muscle cells. Smaller amounts albuminuria The protein in the urine - a sign of danger, which should not be underestimated   It may occur in myocardial infarction. Myoglobinuria also characteristic of hereditary diseases of the muscles, muscle injuries, their prolonged ischemia (circulatory disorders), exposure to toxic substances.

In some cardiovascular diseases the heart muscle (myocardium) does not cope with its workload. This state is called chronic cardiovascular failure, it results in venous stasis and an increased load on the kidneys, resulting in urinary protein also appears.

Protein in the urine can occur in men and in some cancer when there is decay of tissue or cells. In this case, the urine is detected protein body Bence Jones.

Elevated levels of protein in the urine can be in the defeat of urinary organs in men, including cystitis, urethritis, and balanoposthitis.

Protein in the urine, further investigation requires a serious man, to clarify the diagnosis and eliminate the causes of protein in the urine.

Galina Romanenko

One in three women in their lifetime at least once inflammation of the bladder (for comparison - is a violation occurs in a man of twenty). Not least, this is due to the anatomy of women, in particular, with the length of the urethra.

Pathogenesis

In most cases, inflammation of the urinary bladder in women develops when the bacteria from the vagina, the perineum, or bowel, fall through the urethra into the bladder. Bacteria, which are normal, such as the vagina, in contact with the bladder cause a reaction of the immune system, one of the features which is inflammation.

Protective factors

In the lower part of the urinary system has a natural protection against the ingress of bacteria. Firstly, urine, urethral washes potentially dangerous microorganisms. Second, the shell has the ability to delay the urethra bacteria. In addition, a healthy vaginal flora and a normal level of acidity, preventing the penetration of uropathogens in the urethra and bladder. Factors affecting the flora and vaginal acidity, and can affect the efficiency of protective mechanisms.

Risk factors

In young women the main factors that increase the risk of inflammation of the bladder Urinary bladder - structure and function They are:

• Sexual activity (due to structural features of the female body sexual intercourse may contribute to the penetration of bacteria into the bladder);
• Contraceptive diaphragms (especially in combination with spermicide);
• Cases of inflammation of the bladder in childhood.

Taking antibiotics for the treatment of any disease also increases the risk of cystitis because antibiotics have a strong impact on the microflora of the vagina The microflora of the vagina: purity .

In women after menopause, mechanical and / or physiological factors affecting emptying of the bladder, significantly increase the risk of cystitis. These factors include:

• Urinary incontinence;
• Cystocele (disorder associated with the deformation of the bladder);
• Cases cystitis before menopause.

Diagnostics

Although a specialist can diagnose bladder infection based on symptoms and medical history, to confirm the diagnosis are also recommended to do a urine test. Such diagnostics cases eliminates unnecessary use of antibiotics and thus reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

Additional tests after treatment of cystitis should be done only for pregnant women - in their treatment is especially important to ensure that infectious agents completely destroyed.

If inflammation of the urinary bladder in a woman develops frequently (at least twice in 6 months, or three or more times in 12 months), you must ultrasound of the urinary tract.

Women after menopause when recurrent cystitis (regardless of the frequency of episodes) requires examination of the pelvic organs, as there is a possibility that the inflammation of the bladder Inflammation of the bladder - inconvenient and unpleasant   associated with pelvic organ prolapse or vaginal atrophy.

Additional investigations are also necessary if within 6 weeks after the treatment of cystitis, the patient retained hematuria.

Treatment

Women with uncomplicated bladder infection treatment is prescribed antibiotics, such as:

• Trimethoprim - 300 mg orally, taken at night, for three days;
• Cephalexin 500 mg orally, taken twice a day for five days.
• Sometimes prescribed amoxicillin clavulanate or nitrofurantoin.
• If there are complications or antibiotic resistance Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future? Can be recommended intake of quinolones.