Acute inflammation of the bladder, or acute cystitis Acute cystitis Cystitis: urgently take action Bring to treat responsibly   - This is probably the most common of all disorders affecting the genitourinary system. Every year from this disease affects hundreds of millions of people - and it is only those who go to the doctor; Many treat cystitis household or OTC drugs without consulting a doctor. Women ill with acute cystitis more often than men.

General information about the disease

The bladder - a flexible hollow organ located in the lower abdomen, and is part of the urinary tract, which also include the kidneys, ureters and urethra. It performs the function of storage of urine. The kidneys remove excess fluid from the blood and wastes and convert them into the urine. Ureters from the kidneys of urine into the bladder. There it is some time and then eliminated from the body through the urethra.

Acute inflammation of the bladder Inflammation of the bladder - inconvenient and unpleasant   It develops when the bladder through the urethra to penetrate bacteria .  Acute inflammation of the bladder - is the most common type of bacterial urinary tract infection in women .  About half of women suffer from this disease at least once in a lifetime .  In 86% of cases of infectious agent is the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli), in 4% of cases - Staphylococcus saprophyticus (Staphylococcus saprophyticus), 3% - bacteria of the genus Klebsiella, another 3% - the bacteria Proteus .  Less common pathogens of acute inflammation of the bladder are enetrobakterii, tsitrobakter and enterococci (1 . 4%, 0 . 8% 0 . 5%, respectively) .  Pathogens acute cystitis first reach the skin of the colon (this can happen for example due to the fact that man wipes his crotch toward the anus to the vagina and due catheters), and thence to penetrate into the urethra .  Women trigger acute cystitis may also be a sexual intercourse or the use of contraceptives such as a diaphragm .  The probability of acute inflammation of the bladder and increase the factors such as pregnancy, diabetes, HIV, cancer and certain types of sickle cell anemia .

It is believed that more women than men suffer from acute cystitis, because their urethra is much shorter and therefore easier for bacteria to enter the bladder. Although women are more susceptible to this disorder, in men, it often occurs in more severe and harder to treat.

Although uncomplicated acute inflammation of the bladder is not considered a serious disease, it can significantly reduce the quality of life of the patient. It causes severe discomfort, which is saved, on average, for six days; According to one study, about half of women in connection with the disease was passed several working or school days. Approximately half of the cases also avoids sexual activity, on average, less than one week.

Symptoms of acute inflammation of the bladder

The most common symptoms of acute inflammation of the bladder are:

• Burning or pain when urinating;
• Turbid urine or bloody urine shade;
• Unusually strong smell of urine;
• Frequent and sometimes very intense urge to urinate;
• Pain in the back or in the lower abdomen;
• Difficulty urinating, despite strong desires;
• Fever and malaise.

Diagnostics

Medical history of the patient is the most important tool for the diagnosis of acute inflammation of the bladder. In addition to studying the history, the doctor performs a physical examination and urinalysis. It is also necessary to exclude more serious violations, which sometimes cause symptoms similar to the symptoms of acute inflammation of the bladder.

The classic symptoms of acute inflammation of the bladder - dysuria (difficulty urinating), frequent urination in the allocation of small amounts of urine, pain and a burning sensation when urinating. In some cases there hematuria - the presence of blood in urine. Less common symptoms are pain and discomfort in the lower abdomen. The presence of even one of the classic symptoms of the disease is considered to be a valuable diagnostic criterion. However, the likelihood that the symptoms are caused by acute inflammation of the bladder is reduced if they are accompanied by symptoms such as unusual vaginal discharge Vaginal discharge: normal or disease?   or itching and irritation in the genital area. This combination of symptoms can indicate vaginitis or cervicitis. Dysuria in the absence of unusual vaginal discharge in 90% of cases indicates an acute inflammation of the bladder.

Prevention of acute inflammation of the bladder

To prevent this disorder is recommended:

• Drink at least six to eight glasses of water a day;
• Going to the bathroom right away when a urge to urinate;
• Cleaning the anus after defecation, holding toilet paper in the direction of the anus, and not vice versa;
• Take a shower instead of a bath, and avoid hot tub;
• Drinking at least one glass of cranberry juice a day;
• Do not use scented toilet paper and various perfumed means to care for the genital area;
• Wear cotton underwear and avoid tight pants and nylon underwear;
• Clean the genital area before each sexual act.

And acute and chronic cystitis Chronic cystitis: a correct diagnosis - the main   after adequate treatment require rehabilitation - restoring bladder function. This is best done in a sanatorium conditions, but it can be combined with rehabilitation activities and work.

What is needed rehabilitation after cystitis

After the acute effects of cystitis are, the mucous membrane is still injured and is not immediately restores its function. One of the main functions of the bladder mucosa is obstruction of infection in its wall. This is done by cellular and humoral immunity. The basis of cellular immunity make red blood cells, can absorb bacteria and dissolve them in themselves, the so-called macrophages. The humoral immunity is based on the formation of protein antibodies (immunoglobulins) have been glued together with the bacteria to form neutral complexes of antigen-antibody complex which is then excreted. In the field of mucosal humoral immunity carried out using the immunoglobulin A (IgA).

All parts of immunity gradually recovered, along with the recovery of the mucosa, but this process can be accelerated by various rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation after acute cystitis

Rehabilitation after a mild form of acute cystitis (provided that it has been properly disinfected) is as small as possible to irritate the bladder, urinary tract wash taking enough fluids and get rid of inflammation.

Diet should be observed from two weeks to a month. In order not to irritate the bladder should be excluded from the diet of spicy, sour, smoked, canned food, alcoholic drinks, strong black tea and coffee. The diet should include vegetables, fruits and berries, is a diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties - watermelons, melons, pears, apricots, cranberries.

Liquids should be taken to 1, 5-2 liters (unless there are other contraindications, so you should consult with your doctor). It is useful to drink berry fruit drinks such as cranberry, which has strong anti-inflammatory and diuretic. Preparing it this way: 0, 5 kg of cranberries Cranberries for health and beauty   Rinse and squeeze out the juice; pour pomace 0, 5 liters of water, add a taste of honey or sugar, boil for 30 minutes, filter, add to the initial level (0, 5 liters) and mixed with cranberry juice. On the day you can drink to 0, 5 liters of juice.

Cranberries can simply chop, mix with a little honey or sugar and take on a tablespoon 3 times a day.

In order to finally get rid of the inflammation in the bladder, the procedure can be carried out warming - dry heat in the lower abdomen, paraffin wax, mineral wax, sessile warm baths. If cystitis Cystitis: urgently take action   was heavy, it can be connected to rehabilitation physiotherapy (UHF, magnetic) and spa treatment with water and mud therapy Mud - a pleasant and useful procedure .

Rehabilitation after exacerbation of chronic cystitis

Chronic cystitis rarely come from nowhere. In most cases the process is maintained during chronic some structural changes in the urinary tract, which interfere with the passage of urine, causing its stagnation in the bladder. Without detection and treatment of these reasons, it is impossible to cure a chronic cystitis. And no matter what the treatment is not performed, the disease will progress only.

However, relapse after rehabilitation measures are very important, especially if the treatment was operational. In this case, apply the same measures as for the rehabilitation of acute cystitis, but also attaches great importance to reducing treatment of physiotherapy and medical gymnastics, strengthens the muscles of the pelvic floor. Must be excluded heavy exercise and regulated regime of the day with a rational combination of small physical activities and recreation.

From physiotherapy apply electrotherapy (galvanization, UHF, SMC, UHF, SMV), ultrasound therapy, magnetic therapy, mud therapy, thermotherapy (paraffin and ozocerite), radon baths, dry carbon dioxide baths and other treatments. It is better to carry out rehabilitation activities in such resorts as Zheleznovodsk, Truskavets.

Thus, the rehabilitation of patients with chronic cystitis is a complex of therapeutic measures, including medical treatment, diet therapy, physical therapy, physiotherapy and spa treatment. This comprehensive rehabilitation promotes faster reduction of inflammatory activity, increased blood flow and metabolism in the wall of the bladder, increase immunity and rapid return of the patient to a normal way of life.

Galina Romanenko