- This insidious ureaplasma - often too late
- How can you get sick
- Treatment ureaplasmosis
- Analysis
How could I get ureaplasmosis
Ureaplasmosis - an infectious disease caused by ureaplasma and sexually transmitted diseases. Reproduction of microorganisms can be enhanced under the influence of female hormones, so ureaplasmosis more common in women of childbearing age. Ureapazmoza also contribute to the spread of hormonal contraceptives, which are not a barrier to ureaplasmas.
How is ureaplazmazma - most often sexual contact
Ureaplasma - a small bacterium that belongs to the pathogenic microflora living on the surface of the urogenital organs. Under certain circumstances, it may be the causative agent of infectious-inflammatory process. What are these conditions and how you can get sick ureaplasmosis?
The mode of transmission is most often sexual, but it is also possible household (via personal care products) and fetal (from a pregnant woman to the fetus) route of infection.
Ureaplasma often causes disease in the weakening of the body. This is usually the case with disorderly sexual life, lowered immunity, after an inflammatory genital diseases, and so on. Women often suffer ureaplasmosis, children and men - much less.
The main route of transmission - sexual contact
Infectious-inflammatory diseases of the urinary organs caused ureaplasmas refers to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Nonetheless, most people these small bacteria live at mucosal surfaces without causing disease. When sexual contact (including oral sex) ureaplasma gets to the genitals partner. Further scenarios could be two:
- after a certain time period equal to the incubation period (time from infection to onset of symptoms), there are signs of infectious and inflammatory process caused by ureaplasma; in women is usually an inflammation of the vaginal mucosa (colpitis), and men - urethra or the urethra (urethritis); The incubation period for this disease is an average of about 3-4 weeks, but may be as short or long;
- ureaplasma lives on the genitals of men and women, without causing disease, but can be transmitted to the partner; This condition is called carriage ureaplasmas, it can not be treated if detected ureaplasmas both sexual partners.
However, under certain conditions, ureaplasma, living on the genitals can cause disease. There are two conditions: decreased immunity and the violation of the integrity of the mucous membranes of the urinary organs. Immunosuppression can occur against the background of the common cold, stress, acute myocardial disease, severe physical and emotional stress, and so on.
A violation of the integrity of the mucous membranes of the urinary organs can occur, for example, as a result of some medical procedures or diseases of other sexually transmitted infections, which cause inflammation and "open the gates" for penetration of the genitals ureaplasmas. That is why ureaplasmosis often combined with other STIs. Often ureaplazmennogo infection occurs in people suffering from trichomoniasis, chlamydia, gonorrhea. To develop ureaplazmennoj infection can also cause vaginal bacteria overgrowth
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(bacterial vaginosis) in women and similar diseases in men.
The second transmission - from mother to child
Ureaplasmas transmission from mother to child - it's not such a frequent mode of transmission, but it also occurs. During pregnancy, the ureaplasma is rarely falls to the fetus, as it is well protected - nature has provided him maximum protection against infection. Yet intrauterine infection caused by ureaplasma occurs. This ureaplasma gets to the fetus or the fetal membranes from the uterine cavity (upward path), or blood through the blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the fetus through the placenta.
When ascending infection of the fetus through the fetal membranes and amniotic fluid infection usually gets in his airways, causing inflammation of the lungs
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. Infection via the blood can lead to multiple lesions of internal organs of the fetus.
Sometimes when there ureaplasmas mother pregnancy proceeds normally, but during childbirth can go to the child, causing a variety of diseases, mainly infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract.
Ureaplasmas pose a threat for most pregnant women, as during pregnancy decreased immunity and carriage ureaplasmas can go into an infectious-inflammatory process.
Thus, ureaplasma, even if they do not cause disease, are a threat to pregnancy. Therefore, if they were discovered during pregnancy planning, both spouses being treated.
What are some other ways to transmit ureaplasmas
Household transmission ureaplasmas many researchers doubt. However, the infection can not be excluded that, for example, when a person uses a healthy patient with a towel immediately after. But in the bath or pool ureaplazmoy likely to catch impossible.
Theoretically, there is also the possibility of infection during transplantation of organs and tissues (transplant), but it is very rare, since the donor organs carefully examined.
Ureaplasmas enter the body mainly through sexual contact, at least - from mother to child during pregnancy and childbirth. The rest of the modes of transmission of this infection are uncertain.
Signs ureaplasmosis
After infection, the incubation period passes (2-4 weeks) and then there are the first signs of the disease. In men, it may be symptoms of urethritis in men: discharge from the urethra in the morning, burning when urinating, a slight increase in body temperature, malaise.
Women appear minor colorless vaginal discharge, itching and discomfort in the vulva, frequent painful urination. In the long may periodically appear pains in the lower abdomen, deterioration of general condition, fever.
But more often the disease goes unnoticed and the person is unaware of it.
On examination, the doctor may detect signs of ovarian inflammation (adnexitis) in the absence of complaints from women.
Complications ureaplasmosis
Women ureaplasmosis
Ureaplasmosis - inflammation of the urogenital system
can cause adhesions in the epididymis, resulting in obstruction of the fallopian tubes and infertility. Ureaplasma is often the cause of chronic kidney disease and urinary tract infections, followed by the formation of stones.
When pregnancy is possible infection of the placenta and fetal membranes - resulting in miscarriages, premature birth, missed abortion
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To the birth of a child with intrauterine infection. After birth ureaplasmosis can cause endometritis (inflammation of the uterus), which in severe cases can result in its removal.
In men, the infection can spread to other urinary organs, lead to the defeat of the testicles and the prostate gland, which can also cause infertility.
How to diagnose
In order to establish the correct diagnosis is carried smears of the vagina or urethra with microscopic examination. Seeding is also carried out on the discharge medium with a certain number of bacteria per ml of medium and Ureaplasma sensitivity to particular antibiotics.
In the blood by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) DNA revealed ureaplasmas, ELISA (enzyme immunoassay) - the presence of antibodies to ureaplasmas.
