Psychosexual development of children ten to fifteen years: a difficult period

All parents are going through a watershed moment when their favorite cute and obedient child suddenly turns into an unbalanced and uncontrollable monster with raging hormones. Parents who are ready for these changes, a better chance to survive quietly this difficult period.

Although the transformation of a child into an adult takes place at all different, early adolescence is defined as the period from 10 to 15 years. It is characterized by the transition from childhood to adolescence, while in adolescence the transition from adolescence to youth.

It is very difficult for a child age: psychologically he was still feels like a child, and the changes that are happening to his body, causing him confusion and fear, and sometimes even disgust. In no other period of human life does not happen so much change in such a short time (except in infancy). It changes the whole complexion of the child: it is growing, becoming taller and stronger; changed his thinking, feelings and emotions, relationships with family and friends. When parents understand what caused the defiant behavior of children 10-15 years old, they can relax and keep a sense of humor in this critical period of transition for the child.

Physical maturation

In children, the body begins to actively grow under the influence of certain hormones are actively released into the blood, and the skeleton is growing rapidly in length, and the muscles do not have time; hence the problems with coordination of movements; gait changes, children can slouch. The body becomes disproportionate and children to worry about it. The task of adults - to explain that this is a normal, temporary. Heart reaches the size of an adult, but the blood vessels that feed the heart muscle, are lagging behind in development. There is frequent high blood pressure, headaches, as a consequence, headaches, fatigue, irritability.

The brain reaches an adult size (increased from 250 grams to 1400 grams), and the cerebral cortex, which is responsible for awareness, the arbitrariness of the mental processes behind in its development. Therefore, the nervous system can not withstand strong teen or monotonous stimuli, the child can fall into a stupor, or strongly react. For children become characteristic impulsiveness, lack of balance.

The period of early adolescence is associated with puberty Puberty child - stages of a complex path . The body is rebuilt in a new way. On the body there are secondary sexual characteristics: can be enhanced sweating, pimples appear secondary scalp, the girls grow breasts, menstruation begins. The new image of the body is a concern, concern, dissatisfaction with appearance. External signs are important for teenagers, as there is a desire to please the opposite sex, again an occasion for experience.

In girls, growth spurt usually begins in the decade, peaking at eleven to fifteen and ends. The boys jump in development may be later than girls one or two years or even more, and usually begins in 11-12 years, reaches its peak to thirteen and sixteen ends. In terms of adolescent maturation affect individual characteristics, family history, climatic conditions, but early or late ripening is an additional stress How to beat stress? Create an oasis   for the child, because he feels "not like everyone else." During this period, adults should constantly remind the children that sixteen or seventeen years of all the differences in physical development will smooth out, and they will not differ from their peers.

Thinking

The transition from childhood to adolescence - is the transition from concrete to abstract thinking. Previously, a child conceived exclusively in terms of "yes" and "no", "good" and "bad." For him there was no half-tones and shades, especially in relationships - everything was either white or black. The child is upset when faced with ethical dilemmas or problems, do not have a single solution, or issues that have no right answer. Abstract thinking allows us to see a few solutions to the problem, including a contingent consideration of the situation "and-what-if" and to submit their possible outcome.

Feelings and emotions

In early adolescence, the child overwhelm intensive and uncontrolled emotions Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code . Part of excessive emotionality prepubertal children may be explained by hormonal surges - today they went crazy with the causeless joy, and tomorrow go out of the room and sulk the whole world. They are easily embarrassed and overly concerned about their appearance: weight, height, skin condition and overall body image.

Adults think that if a child twelve closed in his room listening to music around the clock, so he's all right. However, studies involving children 10-15 years have shown that in this age the most common emotions - sadness and confusion. The child feels useless, depressed and lonely. Even staying alone, they lose countless times in the head the day's events in their minds, critically examining his every word and action. A child can spend hours thinking about what I said to the boy or girl that he likes, reproaching himself had said or done something wrong. Or think about the words of others - why he said that? The more the child thinks about it, the more anxious and restless becomes. He has not yet developed immunity from minor offenses to help adults focus on the important events in his life, ignoring the pesky little things and sidelong glances.

Self-awareness

Not only the body is rebuilt in the adult life rhythm, self-awareness grows, too. One of the tumors of age - a sense of adulthood. Child strives to be an adult, and therefore independent, active, he is experimenting with new, adult - in his opinion - the styles of behavior. The teenager experimenting with the appearance, demeanor, leisure.

When a child finishes adolescence, the family's role in meeting the communication and material requirements significantly reduced. However, parents are the closest people, and if there are difficulties in children, they go to mom and dad.

The task of adults - do not push, do not be afraid of temper, irritability Irritability - you try to control my temper   teenager and try to understand, accept, forgive, be it a friend, a worthy example for others to follow.

At the age of 12-15 years old adolescents worry about the awakened interest in the opposite sex, so they prefer to hang out in small companies. Although at this age adolescents may assert their independence in choosing friends, clothes, music and so on, they still need to feel parental love and support, willingness to communicate and dialogue. Often they pass through the "phase of contradictions": they want parental affection, but at the same time, they seek to show friends their independence and rebellion, to acquire prestige in the company.