Pentoxifylline improves blood circulation in the brain and provide oxygen to the brain tissue. It is used in violation of cerebral circulation against the background of atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke, poor circulation in the area of ​​vision and hearing, with persistent changes in peripheral arterial lumen.

The mechanism of action of pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline belongs to a group of drugs that improve blood circulation in small blood vessels (microcirculation), then there is angioprotectors. Pentoxifylline reduces blood viscosity and prevents platelets from sticking together (platelet aggregation). All of this helps to improve blood circulation in the capillaries, and a better supply of oxygen to tissues. It also increases the energy potential of platelets and red blood cells, which causes vasodilation (including coronary arteries) and a strong, smooth contraction of the heart muscle (myocardium) without an increase in heart rate. Dilation of blood vessels contribute to a better light saturability arterial oxygen and improve the tone of respiratory muscles. When administered intravenously, the drug is enhanced collateral (bypassing damaged arteries) blood supply.

When receiving the pentoxifylline concentration is increased ATP (energy) in the brain, thereby improving the central nervous system. In areas of poor circulation (such as after a stroke) improves blood flow, which contributes to more rapid recovery after the disease.

In violation of patency of peripheral arteries (eg, against atherosclerosis) pentoxifylline promotes expansion of the affected arteries and improve blood supply to the tissues.

Available pentoxifylline in the form of pills, tablets - retard and a solution for injection. After ingestion well absorbed in the intestine into the blood passes through the liver, partially decomposing it. After that binds to the membranes of erythrocytes and the decomposed into metabolites (products of metabolism, including having biological activity) in the erythrocytes, first, followed by the liver. After one day, pentoxifylline excreted primarily in the urine and a small part - with feces. The process of elimination of the drug is reduced in elderly patients and in hepatic dysfunction. Accumulation (accumulation) of pentoxifylline in the body does not occur.

Indications and contraindications for receiving pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline is used in the following diseases:

• in atherosclerotic vascular lesions of the brain and its blood supply violation, after ischemic stroke;
• with a decrease in the degree of peripheral arterial patency on the background of atherosclerosis, diabetes, disrupting innervation (angioneyropatiyah);
• trophic tissue disorders (eating disorders tissues) associated with any vascular disease (arterial, venous, capillary), such as frostbite, gangrene, thrombophlebitis;
• in violation of the circulatory organs of sight and hearing;
• diseases of bronchopulmonary system, accompanied by a reduced permeability of the bronchi - obstructive bronchitis, bronchial asthma, emphysema;
• when sexual dysfunction in men caused by circulatory disorders.

Pentoxifylline contraindicated if you are hypersensitive, pregnancy, breast- Breastfeeding - a personal choice   feeding, increased bleeding, hemorrhagic (rupture of a blood vessel), stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, which is accompanied by significant changes in the coronary vessels, massive bleeding in the retina of the eye. Intramuscular and intravenous administration of pentoxifylline is contraindicated in combination expressed coronary atherosclerosis with persistent high blood pressure.

Side effects that may have pentoxifylline, and overdose

Pentoxifylline is usually well tolerated by patients, however, and side effects are encountered:

• from the gastrointestinal tract - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, feeling of heaviness and pain in the upper abdomen, violation of motor activity of the intestine;
• of the liver and biliary tract - aggravation cholecystitis, hepatitis Hepatitis - the scourge of our time   against the backdrop of stagnation of bile, the liver;
• the part of the circulatory system - heart palpitations, heart pain Pain in the heart - always consult a doctor   in the form of angina attacks, irregular heartbeat, drop in blood pressure;
• the central nervous system - headache, dizziness, anxiety Anxiety - how to distinguish normal from disease? , Impairment of consciousness, seizures, blurred vision;
• from the upper respiratory tract - sore throat, hoarseness, nasal congestion;
• allergic reactions - skin rashes (including urticaria), itching, flu-like symptoms;
• the part of the blood - reducing the number of blood cells, which can lead to anemia, reduced immunity and increased bleeding.

Overdose pentoxifylline appears intensification of side effects. In this case, you need as quickly as possible to call an ambulance, stomach wash, take a few pills of activated carbon. An overdose of this medication usually requires hospitalization.

Galina Romanenko

Pentoxifylline - a drug that is used most widely in various vascular diseases. So he produced a number of pharmaceutical companies under their own names, but the chemical composition of these drugs and their international nonproprietary name remain unchanged.

All counterparts pentoxifylline

Petoksifillin was first released by the French pharmaceutical company Sanofi-Aventis under the original name trental. Then he began producing a number of other pharmaceutical companies in the form of generic drugs - is not original or generated products.

Pentoxifylline sold under the name: trental, Trental 400 (Sanofi-Aventis, France), agapurin, agapurin retard (Zentiva, Slovakia), vases (GL Pharma, Austria), fleksital (India), arbifleks, atsupentat, dartelin, kinetal , mellinorm, pentamon, pentilin, pentilin fort pentogeksal, pentoxy, pentoxifylline, pentoxifylline Rivo, pentoxifylline-ICN, pentoxifylline Acre, pentoxifylline, Darnitsa, pentoxifylline-MIC, pentoxifylline-ratiopharm, pentoxifylline, Teva, pentoxifylline-farkos, pentoxifylline-FPO , pentomer, Radomin, ralofekt, trenpental.

No matter what pharmaceutical company manufactures the drug, and under what name he has the ability to improve blood circulation in small blood vessels and providing oxygen to tissues. It is used for the treatment of cerebrovascular events (including after an ischemic stroke), circulatory disorders, hearing loss, peripheral arterial disease with their partial obstruction, trophic disorders (ie eating disorders tissues).

The original drug trental

The original is called drug released for the first time and registered a pharmaceutical company under his own (the brand) name. At the same time the drug is assigned to the international non-proprietary name, which allows him to recognize, under whatever other name it either released.

Trental has angioprotective action, that is, improves blood circulation. This happens due to improved blood flow of small blood vessels (microcirculation) by preventing aggregation (accumulation and adhesion) of blood cells - red blood cells and platelets. And as with the formation of blood clots platelet aggregation, the trental has also antithrombotic effect. With improved blood microcirculation and at the same time expanding the lumen of the blood vessels - it further enhances the therapeutic effect of the drug.

These properties allow the use trental at a variety of vascular disorders. For example, in violation of patency (obliteration) of peripheral arteries (arterial occlusive disease), which can lead to malnutrition and tissue necrosis (death of, gangrene). Trental as a treatment to help prevent this process, and if it has already started, then slow it down for.

Trental takes a special place in the treatment of cerebrovascular events. Under his influence expand blood vessels, improves blood circulation by them. Therefore, it is required to appoint at ischemic (due to spasm of blood vessels) strokes. But if there is a suspicion that the stroke is hemorrhagic in nature (ie, vessel rupture and cerebral hemorrhage), then trental not indicated - in this case it is absolutely contraindicated, since it can contribute to increased bleeding and symptoms of stroke Stroke - a serious brain injury .

In violation of the coronary circulation (coronary called arteries supplying the heart muscle) is also shown trental - it improves blood circulation and prevention of myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction - the most formidable diagnosis . When administered intravenously, it promotes collateral (bypassing diseased arteries) arterial branches that bring blood to the heart muscle. But it can not be used when fresh infarctions (only in the process of rehabilitation treatment) and low blood pressure Blood pressure - dangerous if his swing? . It can not be applied in severe atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries - the artery walls become fragile and at high tide levels can be compromised their integrity.

Is it safe trental

No, this is not a safe drug, it causes a lot of side effects, overdose it is dangerous, so it may appoint a doctor.

Side effects caused trentalom can manifest as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and hepatic dysfunction. They can also occur in the form of headaches, dizziness Dizziness - if the ground is slipping from under his feet , Seizures, visual disturbances, amplification attacks of angina (heart pain), heart palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias.

Dangerous drug overdose - it requires immediate hospitalization.

Pentoxifylline - a drug which is produced under a variety of names, but the body has the same effect.

Galina Romanenko