Course of the disease

There are many kinds of worms that affect both adults and children. One of the most common helminthiasis - ascariasis. While infecting worms child begins to sleep poorly, grind their teeth during sleep, it decreases appetite, nausea, abdominal pain Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms , Loose stools and other characteristic signs by which one can suspect the presence of his worms.

What ascariasis and how they can get sick

Ascariasis - a disease caused by roundworms (nematodes) - Ascaris. Ascaris is a major parasite of up to 40 cm (females longer than males) living in the small intestine of man. We have ascarids of attachment, they move towards the food and thus retained in the intestine.

Daily female roundworm identifies several hundreds of thousands of eggs, which are released with the feces of the patient and pollute the environment. In order to become a source of infection, the fertilized egg must "ripen" in the soil for several weeks.

Eggs remain viable for several years. They have an oval shape, large, stable in the environment, as protected by five sheaths. Destroy the eggs of Ascaris may only alcohol, hot water, gas, air and direct sunlight.

Very often, Ascaris infected children who play on the ground, in the sand, and then take your hands in your mouth. You can also get infected through poorly washed vegetables and fruits. Transfer the eggs of Ascaris and insects (flies, cockroaches). If swallowed, the eggs of Ascaris fall into the small intestine, where they are formed larvae. Larvae are introduced first in the intestinal mucosa, then the blood vessel wall and enter the blood stream, together with which are carried into the lungs. In the respiratory tract, they fall into the mouth, are swallowed again and get everyone in the same small intestine, where there quietly ripen into mature individuals. This "journey" in the human body called the migration phase of development of Ascaris, his term is about 10 days. A time from infection (ingestion of eggs) in the intestine prior to the development of mature ascarids is about 1, 5 months. One Ascaris lives about a year - and a half.

Signs of ascariasis in children

During migration of Ascaris in the lungs of the child may appear dry cough Dry cough - whether to worry about it? , chest pain Chest pain is one symptom - a lot of diseases , Malaise, weakness and a slight rise in temperature. At this point in the skin may appear itchy rash, and is often found in elevated blood eosinophils - white blood cells that are responsible for allergy of the body. Then it all goes.

Subsequently ascariasis children often occurs without any overt signs. Loss of appetite may occur (and sometimes, on the contrary, increased appetite), vague discomfort in the stomach, headaches. But sometimes symptoms of ascariasis are more pronounced: the child does not sleep well, grinding his teeth at night, the defeat of the gastrointestinal tract indicate a violation of appetite, vague abdominal pain (usually the navel), nausea, vomiting, recurrent diarrhea.

In the feces of patients with roundworm are rare, since they live in the upper intestine and move up. Since feces roundworm may be released only when expressed diarrhea and increased motor activity of the intestine. In the blood of children with ascariasis, almost always contain high number of eosinophils, low hemoglobin (signs of iron deficiency anemia), some accelerated ESR.

Complications

When the worms in the small intestine becomes much, they can cause intestinal obstruction with sharp abdominal pain, vomiting. The vomit at this point may appear roundworm. If the child is at the moment not be helped, the roundworm can pierce the intestinal wall and cause peritonitis - a serious disease that is characterized by inflammation of the serous membrane that lines the inside of the abdominal cavity.

Ascaris can enter the bile ducts, causing blockage, which is a sign of jaundice. If worms Worms - how dangerous they are?   fall in the appendix, it is an attack of appendicitis, with sharp pains in the abdomen. If vomiting roundworm can be inhaled and cause choking.

Diagnosis and treatment of ascariasis in children

Suspected diagnosis can have on uncertain grounds from the gastrointestinal tract. In the feces of these children can find the eggs of Ascaris, which is a confirmation of the diagnosis.

For the treatment of ascariasis today there are a lot of drugs. There is a method of treatment by introducing into the gastrointestinal tract through a thin flexible tube (probe) oxygen which causes the death of ascarids (they do not carry oxygen). But more often used to treat ascariasis drugs and pyrantel Vermoxum. If there are signs of intestinal obstruction or appendicitis sick child should be given urgent surgical care.

Prevention of ascariasis in children - is the observance of personal hygiene. It is necessary to frequently wash their hands baby carefully processed fruits and vegetables, destroying insects (especially flies).

Galina Romanenko

What are the symptoms of chickenpox in children

Chickenpox in children appears as a temperature and a characteristic rash bubble. The temperature of chickenpox in children is not always rising, with minor infection it can not be all. However, in most cases, the temperature is raised to medium numbers (37-38, 5 ° C). It has a wave-like nature: temperature rises coincide with the appearance of new elements on the skin rash. Chickenpox in children without fever usually occurs quickly and end quickly.

Symptoms of chickenpox in children are usually very typical: on the background of the wave-like rise of temperature on the baby's skin appears at first some small red spots, slightly above the skin. In the center of the spots or papules appear small bubble, which quickly filled with clear content.

Externally bubble tense, surrounded by a small red border, sometimes, if the bubble is big enough on its surface can be umbilicated. After 1-3 days blisters dry up, forming a crust - at first soft and then a dense, brown. Scabs fall off after 1-3 weeks, after which the skin may remain for some time the white spots, which will eventually disappear completely. Scarring on the skin after uncomplicated chickenpox usually remains. The exceptions are large bubbles - when they may be barely noticeable scars.

Chickenpox in children can manifest itself in the form of blisters on mucous membranes, often in the mouth and on the genitals. They quickly burst, forming erosions that heal without the formation of scabs and scars. Chickenpox in children in the mouth may be complicated by the transition to the larynx rash - it is fraught with respiratory failure.

Undulating temperature rises, accompanied by a characteristic rash eruptions occur every one to two days. Such waves can be from one up to 4-5. As a result, the skin of the child suffering from chickenpox, formed colorful pattern: red spots rash starting side by side with bubbles and brown.

Complications from chickenpox in children

Since the rash of chickenpox itch, combing their child that threatens accession of secondary infection. When you join a bacterial infection clear the contents of the bubble becomes purulent. Pustules may be deeper, spreading to all layers of the skin and penetrate into the subcutaneous tissue with the formation of abscesses and abscesses.

The windmill is dangerous especially for children? First of all, it is the spread of the rash on the upper respiratory tract - the larynx and vocal cords - swelling in this area can block the access of air to the lungs - a complication of varicella is known as croup and requires emergency medical assistance.

The rash of chickenpox can spread to the internal organs and the brain, which leads to the appearance of varicella pneumonia, hepatitis, nephritis, meningoencephalitis, etc., which, nevertheless, are rarely severe. Effects of chickenpox in children, as a rule, are not serious if the child has time to provide adequate medical care.

Than to treat chickenpox in children

When a child gets sick this infection. Before parents raises the question of how to help your child to chickenpox. It's not as easy as it sounds, because the child is suffering from constant itching. In order to help the child, he was appointed sparing regime (bed or polupostelny depending on the severity of infection), drinking plenty of fluids (with fluid from the body will be removed infectious agents and their toxins and decomposition products of tissue), semi-liquid dairy-vegetarian food.

Child short nails are cut, often treated with hand disinfectant (eg miramistinom) - you can just wash them with soap and water if hands are not a large number of lesions.

Bathing chickenpox in children - a moot point, most pediatricians feel that bathing the baby only when the last elements of the rash covered with thick crusts. But a number of experts recommends bathing the child several times a day in the shower or bath with disinfectant, for example, in a pink solution of potassium permanganate, adding to the bath infusions of herbs (chamomile, calendula, sage Sage - cvyaschennaya grass   and so on). After water treatment, or the baby's skin should be dry on their own, or slightly blot with a soft towel, being careful not to damage the blisters of the rash.

All elements of an eruption on a daily basis should be lubricated with green paint - it prisushivaet bubbles and inhibits bacterial flora, which is constantly on the skin.

Treatment of chickenpox in children, and medication can be: at high temperatures prescribed antipyretics (Nurofen syrup, paracetamol and other, but not acetylsalicylic acid!). In severe infections your doctor may prescribe antiviral medicines for chickenpox The cure for chickenpox - prescription-only specialist   in children, e.g. acyclovir Acyclovir - as it is safe? .

Children's windmill is not as harmless as it is sometimes considered the parents - it should be treated under medical supervision.

Galina Romanenko