After the onset of menopause in women suffering from hypertension increases the risk of angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, and other severe diseases in younger patients were characterized primarily for males. That is menopause increases manifestation of hypertension in women and accelerates the development of other cardiovascular diseases.
What contributes to the weighting of hypertension?
First of all, it is a violation of fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Disorders of lipid metabolism while reducing the rate of metabolism in general, it contributes to the formation of the woman on central obesity or visceral (ie, with the deposition of fat in the abdomen and the abdominal cavity) type. This type of obesity at a younger age is typical for men as it is formed under the influence of male sex hormones androgens.
In women under the influence of female hormones estrogen obesity was formed on the female type, with the deposition of fat in the thighs and buttocks. Estrogens protect women from cardiovascular disease, so childbearing age heart attacks and strokes are very rare. It is quite another during menopause: while reducing the amount of estrogen, obesity in women is also beginning to take shape under the influence of androgens, which in small quantities are always present in women, and the number of heart attacks and strokes in this age, men and women become the same.
Central obesity is more dangerous than the usual female obesity, as visceral fat is more active than subcutaneous fat, it releases biologically active substances that have a negative effect on metabolic processes in the body.
Changes in the body in blood pressure during menopause
Excess weight contributes to the increased load on the heart - it works literally "wear". Disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism leading to insulin resistance
Insulin resistance - as it is dangerous for the body?
- Tissue cells cease to be sensitive to this hormone. This leads to persistent vasoconstriction as insulin
The principles of action of insulin - the science of saving lives
contributed to their expansion.
In addition, violation of carbohydrate metabolism leading to stimulate the activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS is a normal system activated during stress
How to beat stress? Create an oasis
, Alone it balances the parasympathetic nervous system), which in turn causes more vasoconstriction. The combination of stable constriction of blood vessels and increased load on the heart muscle contributes to the gradual development of cardiovascular disease, which can develop in the systemic circulation with the formation of edema of the limbs and the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen and in the small circle with the stagnation of venous blood in the lungs and swelling of the tissue.
As a result of metabolic disorders in hypertension join other cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and extreme poverty in the form of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke.
High blood pressure is a negative impact on the work of all the other internal organs. The first to suffer the kidneys and liver, which is very dangerous, because it is these authorities free the body of toxins.
Symptoms of hypertension during menopause
The course of hypertension after menopause becomes more severe. Figure rise in blood pressure, particularly the upper systolic, they are higher in women than in men. The lower, diastolic pressure is increased not so fast, his performance in men and women usually are. Women appear shortness of breath, swelling, frequent hypertensive crises.
Often they arise sympathoadrenal type. Initially, hypertensive crises occur after emotional stress, which releases adrenaline, which causes the whole body tremors, increased heart rate, headache. This crisis lasts a few hours or even minutes.
With further development of hypertension during crises highlighted other neurotransmitters - norepinephrine, which causes a more stable and lasting changes in the blood vessels, which may be the result of myocardial infarction or stroke.
Vasoconstriction and insufficient supply of nutrients and oxygen to the cells of various organs lead to permanent reduction in their function.
Treatment
Treatment of hypertension after menopause need to trust the doctor. Self-medication with the deadly, as some medications (such as beta-blockers, diuretics and others), lower blood pressure, may have a negative effect on metabolism
Improves metabolism and losing weight without dieting
, Which again will lead to severe complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
Treatment of hypertension should be complex. When this purpose some drugs insufficiently. It is very important to lead a healthy lifestyle, eat right and move as much as possible. It is required to reduce body weight - this will reduce the load on the heart and reduce the activity of the autonomic nervous system.
Because drugs are preferred inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE - Enam, Enap and others) and angiotensin - two receptors (AT2 - losartan), which is indicated for the continuous use by choosing the appropriate dose. This medication does not adversely affect carbohydrate metabolism.
Galina Romanenko
