Jeanine is a low-dose hormonal contraceptives, which belongs to the latest generation of drugs, developed by the German pharmaceutical concern Schering. Group specializes in the production of hormones for contraception and treatment of various diseases affecting women.

The mechanism of action Janine

Janine is monophasic (this means that during the entire menstrual cycle day is taken, the same dose of hormones, causing the entire menstrual cycle consists of one phase as opposed to natural, two-phase), combined (incorporates two hormones) low-dose hormonal contraceptive.

The composition of Jeanine includes:

• 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol - analogue female hormone estrogen, which is usually included in all hormonal contraceptives;
• dienogest 2 mg - an analogue of the female sex hormone progesterone (progestogen); namely the composition and amount of progestogen various hormonal contraceptives differ from each other; dienogest is the drug of last generation, which provides high performance at a minimum of side effects.

The mechanism of action Janine, like all hormonal contraceptives consists of three stages:

• first phase - the impact of a large number of female hormones on the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones - they inhibit the flow of blood in the pituitary hormones, which occurs under the influence of maturation and release from the ovary (ovulation) egg; as well as the egg does not, then the pregnancy can not be;
• the second stage - in the event that ovulation has occurred and still got the egg from the ovary, in the canal of the cervix produces very viscous mucus go through which most of the sperm can not afford;
• third stage - if in spite of all the ovulation and fertilization of the egg is still there, that is an obstacle to the implementation of the embryo in the lining of the uterus - it becomes more dense and inaccessible for implementation.

Indications and contraindications for receiving Janine

The indication for admission Jeanine are preventing unwanted pregnancy, restoration of the normal menstrual cycle, as well as a variety of conditions associated with an excess of male sex hormones androgens - acne, alopecia, hirsutism and male pattern. Furthermore, Janine sometimes prescribed for gynecological diseases such as endometriosis.

Contraindications include:

• thrombosis (both currently and in the past), as well as any disease that could cause them - high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, varicose veins, cerebrovascular accident, severe diseases of the circulatory system, diabetes Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease   with vascular disorders, inflammation of the pancreas, migraine with motor and sensory disorders, prolonged exposure to the immobilized state, smoking, older than 35 years;
• Any liver disease (including benign and malignant tumors), accompanied by a violation of its functions - Janine can not be taken until full recovery of the liver;
• malignant tumors of any localization, especially hormone-dependent tumors of the female genital organs and mammary glands;
• bleeding from the genitals of unknown origin;
• Pregnancy and breast-feeding;
• adolescents before menarche, and women after menopause;
• hypersensitivity to the drug.

Side effects that may occur while taking Jeanine

Jeanine is generally well tolerated, however, when his admission may experience the following side effects that require immediate discontinuation of the drug - thrombosis and any violations of the liver. If such violations occurred, Janine Jeanine - not only contraception but also protection against acne   can not be taken.

There are other side effects, which in most cases do not require discontinuation of the drug (to abolish it or not, the doctor will decide), it is:

• intermenstrual bleeding - a few menstrual cycles in most cases they are alone;
• engorgement, and breast tenderness - a characteristic of all hormonal contraceptives;
• decreased immunity and the accession of infections of bacterial, fungal or other origin;
• eating disorders (increased or, conversely, a sharp decline), decrease or increase in body weight;
• insomnia, depression, sometimes aggressiveness;
• headache (including migraine), dizziness, cerebrovascular accident;
• increase or decrease in blood pressure, increased heart rate;
• eye irritation against the backdrop of its increased dryness, inability to wear contact lenses;
• tinnitus and hearing loss;
• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms ;
• acne, baldness, excessive body hair, different skin reactions such as rash, increased sweating, dark spots, cellulite and spider veins on the skin;
• pain in the joints, spine and muscles.

How to take Janine

Jeanine beginning to take on the first day of the menstrual cycle The days of the menstrual cycle: Four phases   (aka the first day of menstrual bleeding) and take over the twenty-one days (just enough tablets in one pack), and then make the seven-day break, during which begins menstrualnopodobnoe bleeding. A week later, begin taking pills from a new package, even if the bleeding has ended.

Jeanine - qualitative hormonal contraceptive, but it should be used only on prescription.

Galina Romanenko

Postinor - is a means of emergency contraception, which can be used after unprotected sex or if another method of protection against pregnancy did not load. Contraceptives of this kind is sometimes referred to as "the morning after". Each package contains two Postinor round white tablets. Each contains 750 microgram levonorgestrel, which is an active ingredient of the drug.

Operating principle

According to experts, progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology   prevents pregnancy in 85% of cases, that is not absolutely reliable means of protection.

It is believed that the active ingredient does not give Postinor egg from the ovary to go, or if it is already published, it prevents fertilization of the egg by sperm. If fertilization has occurred, levorgestrel prevent ovum penetrate the wall of the uterus.

Therefore, the first pill Postinor is recommended to take within seventy-two hours after unprotected sexual intercourse. The less time passed, the more effective the drug is working. Second tablet should be taken in 12 hours (and no more than 16 hours) after the first.

Some experts now recommend taking just two pills.

Efficiency thus, in their view, does not change, but it eliminates the possibility that a woman forgets to take the second pill or lose it - that happens quite often.

Contraindications to receive

Do not take the drug in the following cases:

• If you are already pregnant, or suspect you may be pregnant
• If you had delayed menstruation Delayed menstruation - when to sound the alarm?   or if the previous menstrual period was unusual
• From the time of your last menstrual period you have had unprotected sex, and since then has been more than 72 hours
• You know that you are allergic to components of the medication

In addition, if you have any disease of the small intestine (eg Crohn's disease), serious violations of the liver, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease , Heart disease, stroke and breast cancer history, consult your doctor before taking the drug.

When the reduced efficiency of Postinor

Postinor may not be effective for those taking barbiturates and other medicines used to treat epilepsy (eg primidone, phenytoin and carbamazepine), medicines against tuberculosis The cure for TB - is individually physician   (rifampicin, rifabutin), fungal infections (griseofulvin) drugs, which include St. John's wort, and the means used for the treatment of HIV infection.

It should also be done if you become pregnant after postinor taken. Although there is no evidence that postinor a negative impact on a child's development, you will have to undergo particularly careful examination.

Postinor can not be taken continuously

Postinor can not be used as a means of contraception consistently. If you take it more than once a month, there is a high probability of menstrual irregularities, as the dose of the hormone contained in the tablets is very high. It should also be borne in mind that, as well as other means of contraception, except condoms, it can not protect you from any diseases, sexually transmitted diseases.

Approximately one woman out of four after taking Postinor feel nauseous. If you vomit within three hours after taking the first or the second tablet, you need to seek the advice of a doctor or pharmacist.

Most women have monthly after taking Postinor start at the expected time, but in some cases they can begin earlier or later than the expected date. Bleeding may be longer and stronger than usual.

Sometimes the drug observed side effects such as dizziness, pain in the lower abdomen, and fatigue. These symptoms disappear after a few days and usually do not require the intervention of a physician.