Vaccination against hepatitis B is mandatory in our country and is among the national immunization schedule. For the first time it is done in the hospital in the first days after birth. To carry out vaccination against hepatitis B vaccines produced series, which include the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus produced by genetic engineering method.
The vaccine against hepatitis B - the only reliable protection against infection
Hepatitis B has become a serious problem in the modern world. This infection can be infected by visiting a beauty salon, dentist's office, after instrumental examination in a doctor's office, casual sex and so on. And the only reliable protection is vaccination at the same time - the administration of a vaccine containing a piece of RNA of hepatitis B virus in response to administration of the vaccine to elicit protective antibodies the body - they destroy real viruses hepatitis B, trapped in the body.
The composition of vaccination against hepatitis B
In the domestic pharmaceutical market there are several vaccines against hepatitis B: Engerix B, Combiotech, N-in-VAX II, and others. What is the best vaccine against hepatitis B? This question is difficult to answer, but most often is used for vaccination vaccine Engerix B (producer - company GlaxoSmithKline, UK).
Hepatitis B vaccine Engerix B represents a sterile suspension and discharged into vials. At 0, 5 ml of vaccine for children contained 10 ug of purified major surface antigen of hepatitis B (HBsAg), and 1 ml of vaccine for adults are 20 ug of the same antigen. HBsAg vaccine produced by genetic engineering method from a culture of yeast cells (which produce it) and adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide. Then HBsAg purified from yeast cells by using special techniques.
Schedule of vaccination against hepatitis B
Vaccination against hepatitis B are carried out in accordance with the approved national immunization schedule. For example, hepatitis B vaccination for children are held in three stages. The first stage - vaccination against hepatitis B in the newborn occurs in the hospital during the first days after birth, the second stage - the introduction of the vaccine a month after the first injection and the third - 5 months after the second. Each time the child is administered 0, 5 ml of specific vaccines for children containing 10 ug HBsAg. Seven months after the first dose in 96% of vaccinated children is determined by the level of protective antibodies in the blood. Vaccination against hepatitis B hospital children born to mothers with hepatitis B, conducted in the first 12 hours after birth.
Vaccination against hepatitis B in the newborn (accelerated vaccination 3 injections) is carried out immediately after birth, at 1 and 2 months. But the need revaccination against hepatitis B, it is carried out 12 months after the first vaccination, which provides a more rapid immune response and a greater commitment to vaccination.
Vaccinations against hepatitis B in adults carried out by the same scheme, but introduced a special vaccine for adults of 1 ml, which contains 20 micrograms HBsAg.
Emergency vaccination scheme against hepatitis
Vaccination against hepatitis B - to do or not worth it?
In persons aged 16 years and above in exceptional circumstances requiring a rapid response to the development of immunization: in the first, seventh and 21st day. Revaccination is thus performed in 12 months after the first injection.
Vaccination against hepatitis B: contraindications
Absolute contraindications for the vaccine Engerix B are hypersensitivity reactions after previous administration of the vaccine, as well as the idiosyncrasy of the individual components of the vaccine. The use of the vaccine Engerix B at pregnancy and breastfeeding
Breast-feeding: feed - and no nails!
contraindicated.
Relative (temporary) contraindication for vaccination are any acute illness or exacerbation of chronic diseases. Vaccination is carried out in such cases a month after recovery or remission. But if the disease is mild, the doctor vaccinated resolution can be carried out immediately after recovery.
The effects of hepatitis B vaccine
After the anti-vaccination antibody titer protective stored at least 5 years. The need for revaccination of healthy individuals who have received a full primary vaccination course has not been established. If you want to spend revaccination adult or child with reduced immunity, it carried out preliminary immunological studies.
Vaccination against hepatitis B can produce side effects of local and general character. Local reaction to the vaccination (redness, swelling, pain at the injection site) holds long and runs independently.
Side effects of a general nature are fever, weakness, malaise, influenza-like syndrome, allergic reactions. Very rarely there may be breathing problems, low blood pressure, vasculitis, dizziness, headache, skin sensitivity, paralysis, neuritis (including the optic nerve), multiple sclerosis, encephalitis, encephalopathy, meningitis
Meningitis - an inflammation of the meninges
, Cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms
, Transient abnormal liver function, reduction of blood platelets (increased bleeding), swollen lymph nodes, muscle pain and joint pain.
Vaccination against hepatitis B - is the only real protection against this infection.
Galina Romanenko