Dexamethasone acts as a surgical scalpel - quickly and efficiently. But he is dangerous not less than surgery, as it gives many side effects, which are manifested mainly in its long-term use. This drug is taken without a doctor's prescription in any case not worth it.
The beneficial effects of dexamethasone
Human adrenal glucocorticosteroid produces hormones - corticosteroids, which have a many-sided effect on all organs and body systems. Dexamethasone is a synthetic analogue of a fluorine-containing corticosteroids.
The main beneficial properties of dexamethasone, are used to treat a variety of diseases - is the ability to suppress the root of allergic and inflammatory processes, immediately remove tissue swelling and pain and itching caused by inflammation and pain. More dexamethasone "can" and immediately raise blood pressure (BP), which is very important in any kind of shock, when blood pressure drops sharply.
By the beneficial effects in the treatment of certain diseases (eg, associated with allergy to the body's own tissues) may include suppression of the immune processes. At the same time, it promotes the effect of dexamethasone bacterial, viral or fungal infection.
Dexamethasone actively inhibits proliferation - the ability of tissue cells to multiply. The most actively multiply tissue tumors, so dexamethasone is often used in the treatment of cancer patients.
Dexamethasone also inhibit the growth of connective tissue, which is beneficial to one side effect, as it can reduce scarring and adhesions
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. On the other hand this property of dexamethasone can be harmful, since it prevents scarring of the heart muscle after a myocardial infarction.
Unfortunately, apart from the beneficial effects of dexamethasone (like all GCS) has many side effects that are not always good for the body.
Side effects
Dexamethasone has a significant impact on all types of metabolism. It stimulates the breakdown of proteins, which leads to disruption of growth in children and decreased immunity.
Because proteins and their degradation products formed under the influence of dexamethasone glucose
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Which in large numbers into the blood. Pancreas thus generates the maximum amount of insulin
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But it is not enough to ensure that all the glucose has been metabolized tissues. Therefore, steroid diabetes develops.
A large number of energetic material (glucose) promotes disintegration and the formation of fat, but the latter process dominates and the patient is actively gaining weight. This occurs under the influence of hormones improper distribution of fat, which changes the outlines of the figure of the patient: the fat accumulates in the upper body.
Dexamethasone peculiarity is that it, unlike other GCS has less influence on water-salt exchange, then there is very little delay, and salts of sodium, potassium, and outputs the water. However, long-term use of the drug may develop deficiency of potassium in the body, which is primarily reflected in the myocardial contractility - promotes the development of cardiovascular disease, stagnation of blood in the veins and the formation of thrombosis. With a lack of potassium is also developing all the weakness of the muscular system.
Calcium, unfortunately, under the influence of dexamethasone displayed a very active, which promotes rapid formation of osteoporosis - thinning and brittle bones, susceptibility to fractures.
Long-term intake of dexamethasone in high doses inhibits the activity of the main endocrine glands of the pituitary gland, thereby reducing the release of its hormones. Reduced secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), whose function is to stimulate the adrenal cortex leads to the suppression of secretion of their own (endogenous) GCS. This in turn causes the syndrome of Cushing: moon face, fat deposits on the back, neck and shoulders, increased body hair and a violation of the sexual glands. The women developed menstrual disorders and infertility and impotence in men
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.
Dexamethasone may have an effect on the central nervous system. In patients with headaches, dizziness, mood disorders (high or low mood), insomnia. In some cases, may develop psychosis and convulsions.
At the site of injection of dexamethasone may develop atrophy (thinning) of the skin, areas of increased or decreased pigmentation of the skin, petechial hemorrhages and purulent inflammation.
Dexamethasone is a very effective glucocorticoid drug that has many side effects, take into account that only a doctor can.
Galina Romanenko