Supraks (active substance - cefixime (dehydrated)) - active with oral cephalosporin antibiotic with antibacterial activity, which is used for the treatment of acute infections caused by harmful microorganisms.

Supraks tablets are used to treat:

• Upper respiratory tract infection - including otitis media Otitis media - children's problem   and other infections with resistance to other antibiotics.
• Lower respiratory tract infections - such as bronchitis.
• Urinary tract infection - including cystitis, tsistouretrita, uncomplicated pyelonephritis.

Supraksa Clinical efficacy has been proved for the treatment of infections caused by the most common types of pathogens, including streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, kliebsiella, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, enterobacter. Most species of enterococcus (streptococcus faecalis) and staphylococci resistant to supraksu.

Method of application and dosage

The presence of food in the stomach for absorption supraksa almost no effect. The usual course of treatment is seven days, in some cases, if necessary, be extended to fourteen days.

• For children over the age of ten years and the recommended adult daily dosage is from two hundred to four hundred milligrams depending on the severity of the infection.
• The recommended dose for children under the age of ten years is calculated according to body weight, and is eight milligrams per kilogram of body weight. Generally, younger children supraks recommended in the form of an oral suspension. For children aged from six months to a year supraksa daily rate is four milliliters for children aged one to four years - five milliliters for children aged from five to ten years - ten milliliters.
• If the weight of the child over the age of ten years, more than fifty kilograms, for the treatment recommended dosage of the drug, similar dosage for adults - that is, two hundred and four hundred milligrams supraksa depending on the severity of the infection.
• For children under the age of six months supraks recommended.

Contraindications

Supraks contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics.

Special precautions should be taken when hypersensitivity to other drugs - such as penicillin, since in some cases there is cross-allergenicity between the drugs group of penicillins and cephalosporins.

Receiving supraksa in some cases can cause severe allergic reactions up to anaphylactic shock. When the first symptoms of allergies should stop taking the drug.

Treatment of broad-spectrum antibiotics disrupts the normal gut flora and can cause overgrowth of clostridia. Studies show that the toxins produced by the bacteria species Clostridium difficile - a major cause of diarrhea associated with reception of broad-spectrum antibiotics (including cephalosporins). Moreover, a broad spectrum antibiotic Broad-spectrum antibiotics - not only treat but also cripple   can cause pseudomembranous colitis symptoms (allergic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa).

For pregnant women and breastfeeding women, supraks is recommended only in emergencies - it is not known what effect antibiotics have on the fetus.

Side effects

In most cases supraks well tolerated. Caused by drug side effects are minor and transient.

• From the gastrointestinal tract: the most common side effects - diarrhea caused by a large dose of supraksa, nausea, abdominal pain Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms , Dyspepsia, vomiting, flatulence.
• On the part of the central nervous system: headache, dizziness.
• Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, drug fever, in rare cases - urticaria or angioedema. The reaction is generally terminated after stopping supraksa.
• Cardio-vascular system: in very rare cases, there is thrombocytosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hypereosinophilia, neutropenia Neutropenia - immunity under attack   and agranulocytosis (decrease in the number of granulocytes in the blood).
• Among other side effects supraksa - genital itching, vaginitis.

The manifestations of salmonellosis are dependent on the type and severity of the disease. Symptoms of salmonellosis will help to take the necessary measures.

Gastrointestinal salmonellosis

Typically, the species of Salmonella infection leads netifoidnymi develop enterocolitis, whose symptoms are similar to the symptoms of enterocolitis caused by other pathogens. Incubation period depends primarily on the health condition of the infected person, and typically ranges from 6 to 72 hours.

The most characteristic symptoms of salmonellosis in adults - severe diarrhea (stool very liquid and in most cases, without a trace of blood), vomiting, fever (sometimes - up to 41 degrees Celsius), poor appetite. Some less common symptoms of salmonellosis gastrointestinal forms as headaches, bloating, or abdominal pain, dizziness and cramps. Typically, the disease passes without treatment in four to seven days after the first symptoms. However, in some patients this form of salmonella causes such severe diarrhea that they require hospitalization, to avoid the serious consequences of dehydration.

Salmonellosis - symptoms in children

Often children (especially in infants), as well as the elderly and patients with weakened immune systems, salmonellosis Salmonellosis - features of the disease   It occurs in more severe than in healthy adults. The child may present all of the above symptoms, but they are often more pronounced. In this disease, especially in children is often a high fever (body temperature above 40 degrees Celsius), and diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration. Other symptoms of salmonellosis in children Salmonellosis in children - what to do?   It can be extreme weakness, drowsiness and, in some cases, a change in mental status characterized by delusions Brad - not only crazy . If you suspect that a child salmonellosis an urgent need to seek medical help.

Typhoid fever

Typhoid fever - a kind of salmonellosis, which develops when a particular type of salmonella (Salmonella Typhi) penetrates the lymphatic system. Usually the symptoms of the infection appear within one to two weeks after infection, but in some cases, the incubation period lasts for more than three weeks. If the patient quickly receive adequate treatment, symptoms disappear no more than a week. If typhoid fever is not treated, the patient's condition will deteriorate, and in a few weeks may develop life-threatening complications. There are cases when, in the absence of treatment, patients recover several weeks or even months after the onset of symptoms, but many of them relapse cases.

It should be noted that only 10-15% of infected typhoid fever leads to severe symptoms and is potentially dangerous to health and life. However, it is impossible to say in advance what the consequences will the disease in a particular patient, so it is necessary to treat it.

The first symptoms of this species of Salmonella infection are usually a slight increase in body temperature (up to 38 degrees Celsius), a dull ache in the front of the head, lethargy, muscle aches, dry cough Dry cough - whether to worry about it? , Poor appetite, nausea, .  Around the end of the second week of the onset of symptoms the temperature rises (sometimes - up to 40 degrees Celsius or more), there are features such as vomiting, diarrhea or constipation (in children often have diarrhea in adults - constipation, although there may be exceptions) , confusion .  Also, there may be signs of illness, such as patches on the tongue, enlarged liver and spleen (approximately 50% of patients), severe headache, pinkish rash on the chest and abdomen .  In many patients, causing typhoid fever, lethargy and sleepiness, which may persist in varying degrees, for several months after treatment .  Obviously, all these symptoms are non-specific, and resemble symptoms of other diseases, such as dysentery .  This can make it difficult to diagnose, especially in developing countries where typhoid fever occurs most often and well-equipped hospitals, where you can quickly diagnose this disease is not everywhere .

In some cases, the symptoms of typhoid fever reappear in a few weeks or months, even after successful treatment. According to rough estimates, relapse occurs in 2, 2% of patients undergoing this disease. Especially high likelihood of relapse in patients with immunodeficiency.