Nasonex - a highly active synthetic glucocorticosteroid topical. The drug reduces inflammation, itching and reduces the symptoms of allergic reactions, without causing general effects on the body. It is used for the treatment and prophylaxis of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis.

The mechanism of action Nasonex

Nasonex (active ingredient - mometasone) issued an international pharmaceutical company Schering-Plough in vials as a nasal spray metered and a glucocorticosteroid agent (GCS) for local (nose) applications.

When injected into the nose Nasonex reduces the inflammation and allergic reactions. The doses of the drug, which in this case gets sick, do not have the overall impact on the body.

Nasonex mechanism of action is that it inhibits the release of biologically active substances that cause an inflammatory reaction. This occurs through a complex chain of biochemical reactions leading to the fact that the inflammation produced by prostaglandins less (they are the main mediators of inflammatory and allergic reactions).

Reduced the number of inflammatory fluid in the inflammation, to the site directs fewer immune cells, helping to reduce infiltration (this is one of the stages of the inflammatory process) and granulation (widening of the young connective tissue at the site of inflammation), that is drug prevents the formation of scar tissue at the site of inflammation . Nasonex important property is that it inhibits the development of immediate allergic reactions, and also suppresses allergic process both early and late phase.

When injected into the blood enters the nose below 0, 1% of the formulation, so it has no systemic exposure.

Indications and contraindications for the appointment of Nasonex

Nasonex is assigned to the following diseases and conditions:

• in the treatment of both seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis in adults, adolescents and children from two years of age;
• an exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis) with antimicrobial agents; the children in this case is assigned to Nasonex 12 years;
• for the prevention of seasonal allergic rhinitis exacerbations of moderate to severe (rate of prevention shall be held not later than two weeks before the start of the season the appearance of pollen).

Nasonex is contraindicated:

• in severe purulent process in the nasal cavity, if not carried out antibacterial treatment;
• postoperatively or after trauma nose - GCS reduce blood clotting and may begin bleeding;
• tuberculosis Tuberculosis - a full recovery is not guaranteed   lung untreated fungal, bacterial and viral infections, including those caused by the herpes virus Herpes - a virus creeping   with damage to the eyes;
• if you are hypersensitive to the components of the drug;
• under the age of two years.

During pregnancy and nursing Breastfeeding - a personal choice   breast Nasonex appointed only if the expected benefits of its use justifies the perceived risk to the fetus and newborn, as clinical trials with this group of patients was conducted.

Side effects that may occur when Nasonex and overdosing

If Nasonex adults may appear the following side effects:

• nosebleeds, blood clots, blood-stained mucus selection;
• inflammation of the pharynx (throat);
• irritation of the nasal mucosa with a burning sensation in the nose.

Children:

• nosebleeds;
• headache;
• sneezing and feeling of irritation in the nose.

And in children and adults may cause rare side effects such as nasal septum perforation or increased intraocular pressure.

If the drug is used for a long time, the patient should periodically inspect the ENT doctor in order to avoid possible complications from the use of corticosteroids.

Since corticosteroids reduce immunity, patients receiving their course, must beware of contact with infectious patients and, if necessary, receive antibiotics.

Nasonex overdose has not been fixed, as it has no overall impact on the body. However, long-term use of the drug should be afraid of nosebleeds.

Nasonex - a glucocorticoid drug, which perfectly removes allergic and inflammatory reactions, but to apply it uncontrollably, without a prescription is not necessary, because it can cause bleeding and decreased immunity Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults That lead to the spread of infection to surrounding tissues.

Galina Romanenko

The inflammatory process in the ear, which occurs with symptoms of purulent inflammation, can occur in the form of an acute or chronic disease. From that, the form in which proceeds purulent otitis depends on the volume of ongoing remedial measures. Of great importance are the issues of prevention, aimed at strengthening the protective properties of the body and prompt treatment of those diseases that can contribute to the development of inflammation in the ear.

Who is at risk for the development of purulent otitis

The main role as a causative factor in the development of inflammation belong to various pathogens. Purulent otitis media develops in contact with the ear of pathogenic bacteria, viruses or fungi. Early treatment of identified infections prevents its spread, that is, reduces the risk of complications.

Purulent otitis child develops more frequently when compared to the adult population. This favorably contribute to those anatomical features of the structure of the auditory tube, which are children. If a person has various irregularities in the structure of the ear, it can be seen as a predisposing factor for the development of suppurative otitis media.

Based on the established causes of inflammation in the ear were identified risk groups. These include the following categories:

• persons suffering from immunodeficiency
• persons who have undergone surgery on the regions of the nasal cavity, or on the ear
• persons who have enlarged adenoids
• children, especially in the presence of disturbances in the structure of the ear

Symptoms of purulent otitis media can occur after exposure to cold, so as a preventive measure should strengthen the immune system Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults As well as to avoid hypothermia.

The volume of diagnostic measures in purulent otitis

Your doctor may decide on how to treat purulent otitis, only on the basis of a complex of diagnostic measures, which includes the various studies and analyzes. The nature of the flow of inflammation is judged by the results of a general or CBC Blood tests: a mirror of health As purulent inflammation is accompanied by characteristic changes in blood counts and acute phase indicators. Purulent otitis media Otitis media - children's problem   It can be confirmed during the following instrumental methods:

• otoscopy
• audiometry
• tympanometry

Treatment of suppurative otitis media in terms of its effectiveness is largely determined by what is carried out antibacterial therapy. It is recommended that prior to prescribing conduct bacteriological study of discharge from the ear. This will determine not only the specific form of the pathogen as well as to determine the spectrum of its sensitivity.

If purulent otitis occurs in a complicated form, when developing intracranial complications, the research methods used radiographic (X-ray of the temporal bone). Complications purulent otitis media can be detected in a CT scan of the brain. In each case, the doctor determines what kind of research should go to the patient, taking into account the individual characteristics of each person.

To suspect that a person has an acute purulent otitis, it can be based on clinical data. The first signs of the disease are the complaints about the appearance of the noise and congestion in the ear, hearing a change to the downside. With regard to the severity of pain, its maximum expression is observed only at the stage that precedes the perforation of the tympanic membrane, and in the early stages of otitis pain can not be pronounced.

What to consider when assigning therapy

The first signs of suppurative otitis require complex therapeutic measures. The presence of purulent inflammation is an indication for antibiotics. At the beginning of the inflammatory process can be strictly applied thermal treatments, heating of the ears, but only up to the moment when there will be pus. As soon as suppuration, discontinue warming.

Regarding the use of drops, it is not recommended to use alcohol-based drops. One might burn the mucous membrane of the ear, which will affect the course of the inflammatory process and recovery as a whole. Drops in purulent otitis Otitis - than could face an ear infection   assigned in the case where the patient was drained purulent ear and auditory canal produced toilet. The efficiency of the recovery process affects the timely removal of pus from the middle ear cavity, as the pus is a favorable environment for the development of micro-organisms and pathogens connection.

Treatment of suppurative otitis media in adults should be carried out simultaneously with the existing treatment of inflammation in the nose and throat. Causes of suppurative otitis linked with inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx, so be sure to include the treatment regimen nose drops. Purulent otitis media due to the treatment of incomplete gets complicated course. Consequences of suppurative otitis media are the most dangerous, if they become prevalent, and the patient develops sepsis. The symptoms of purulent otitis step complication lies in the fact that, despite treatment, the patient has symptoms of inflammation progresses. The severity of his condition reflects the presence of pathological changes of other organs and body systems.

Favorable spread of infection contributes to improper removal of pus during the processing of the auditory meatus. In this regard, if the patient is diagnosed with ruptured purulent otitis, then make a surgical treatment should be qualified. In some cases, the processing of a special set of procedures for the drainage of washing the cavity of the ear and the simultaneous administration of drugs.

Marina Solovyov