Endoscopy - a method for studying internal organs by using a special device - an endoscope is a long flexible tube equipped with a light and a camera. Image obtained in the course of the study can be viewed directly in the camera or output to a monitor or television screen.

When performing an endoscopy?

Your doctor may recommend endoscopy procedure in the following cases:

• To study the causes of the symptoms, evidence of violations of the gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopy can help the doctor determine what is causing the symptoms of digestive disorders such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain Abdominal pain: Types and Symptoms , Difficulty swallowing, and internal bleeding.
• For the diagnosis of diseases of the digestive system. Endoscopy may be used to obtain a tissue sample (biopsy) for the diagnosis of various diseases and disorders, such as anemia, bleeding, inflammation, diarrhea, or cancer of the digestive system.
• For the treatment of certain diseases of the digestive system. Using special instruments implementing various endoscopic surgery, in particular in the treatment of acute appendicitis, gallbladder removal, removing polyps hollow bodies to stop bleeding, retrieving stones and foreign bodies of the upper gastrointestinal tract and enter the drugs.

Sometimes the endoscope is used in conjunction with other diagnostic procedures, such as ultrasound. The ultrasonic sensor is attached to the endoscope for specific images of the walls of the esophagus or stomach. Endoscopic ultrasound can also help the physician in the diagnosis of diseases of hard bodies, such as the pancreas Diabetes and pancreas - the things you need to know .

How is?

First of all, eight hours before the procedure, do not eat and drink water How to drink water to lose weight . This is to ensure that the stomach and duodenum were empty and did not contain any food. Endoscopy can be performed on an outpatient basis, and usually the doctor gives the patient a choice: either take hypnotic (sedative) to relax the muscles and awake during the procedure, or to remain in full consciousness.

If the patient has decided to stay awake during the procedure, the doctor uses a spray to "freeze" the back of your throat and thus facilitate swallowing tube of the endoscope. If the patient prefers to take a sedative before the procedure make the appropriate shot, after which the patient falls asleep. However, this means that after the procedure the patient will not be able to drive a car, so it is advisable to be accompanied by someone and brought home after endoscopy.

Medical practice and offers the patient to lie on your left side and then through the mouth into the endoscope is introduced and lowered it down the esophagus. This procedure does not affect the respiration. Typically, the patient does not feel any discomfort during the procedure, and patients who have chosen a dream Dreams: how to understand our dreams , Then do not even remember how it happened. After completion of the need to rest for some time (usually until the end of the day).

What can be dangerous?

Complications related to the endoscopy include: reactions to sedatives or other drugs used; bleeding occurring in the biopsy or removal of polyps; complications associated with existing liver disease, lung or heart disease, or perforation of any of the internal organs, to eliminate that required surgery.

Complications

Awareness of all the possible types of complications of endoscopy can help you prepare for the consequences of non-standard procedures.

The occurrence of complications show the following features:

• chest pain;
• high temperature and fever;
• dark stools;
• nausea and / or vomiting;
• difficulty swallowing;
• enduring the pain in the abdomen.

If these symptoms persist for one day after the endoscopy is recommended as soon as possible to see a doctor in order to prevent deterioration.

Hemorrhoids - a disease that requires a comprehensive approach to treatment as so much is dependent upon the way of life and nutrition. Heparin ointment as part of comprehensive treatment will also have a positive effect, if you apply it on doctor's orders after the survey.

Chronic and acute hemorrhoids - what is it?

Hemorrhoids occur when stagnant blood in the veins of the rectum. Depending on what kind of vein amazed distinguish internal, external and combined hemorrhoid. Stagnation of blood therein increases venous lumen formation and hemorrhoids. The disease can occur long-term, chronic, does not prove itself. However, hemorrhoids can be derogated from the surrounding tissues, or blood clots are formed, leading to a sharp circulatory problems and severe pain - acute hemorrhoids. This condition requires emergency care, as power is broken tissue and this can lead to their necrosis (necrosis), ulceration, and additional bacterial infection.

Hemorrhoids occurs most often on the background of chronic constipation, when increased intra-abdominal pressure. Almost always hemorrhoids occur during pregnancy. In some cases, hemorrhoids is the result of some other disease, which interferes with the outflow of blood from the rectum (eg, tumors, liver cirrhosis, heart disease, and so on).

Chronic hemorrhoids goes unnoticed, sometimes after a bowel movement occur discomfort in the anus, a little itchy. Then, during stool blood appears. It may be accompanied by pain during bowel movements and loss of hemorrhoids.

In acute hemorrhoids Acute Hemorrhoids - office workers at risk   forms dense, swollen, painful hemorrhoids. More often first appears thrombosis of internal hemorrhoids, and then outside. But there are also isolated thrombosis of external hemorrhoids. First hemorrhoids have a small amount, painful on palpation, pain gets worse after a bowel movement. Then the swelling and pain increase, become constant, worse when walking and sitting. Some time later, inflammation and swelling capture the entire area of ​​the anus, from which a bluish knots, some of them visible black spots - areas of necrosis. The pain becomes unbearable, there is a delay of a chair and urination.

How to cure hemorrhoids

In the treatment of hemorrhoids is very important active lifestyle and healthy eating Healthy eating - do not limit yourself to eating . Both of these conditions are able to restore the patient's intestines and relieve constipation - the main causes of hemorrhoids. The diet should be a fiber (a lot of it in vegetables), which stimulates the motor activity of the intestine. You can not eat spicy food, spicy condiments, alcoholic beverages. It also requires careful hygiene, since it is possible that a bacterial infection.

Hemorrhoids should be treated under medical supervision, after examination and elimination of diseases, supporting the stagnation of blood in the veins. For the treatment of hemorrhoids used painkillers, relieves spasms of drugs in the form of rectal suppositories, hip baths with disinfectants. To prevent thrombosis Thrombosis - the cause of heart attack and stroke   or resorption of blood clots prescribe heparin ointment.

Heparin ointment for hemorrhoids

Heparin ointment - a combined drug for external or topical application. One gram of heparin ointment contains 100 IU heparin and 40 mg benzocaine 0, 8 mg benzyl.

When applied to the surface of the skin in the anus of heparin benzyl ointment promotes the expansion of small blood vessels, which are gradually absorbed heparin. Heparin prevents the formation of blood clots in the veins of the hemorrhoids, and if they are already there, it facilitates their resorption. It reduces inflammation, swelling. Part of the heparin benzocaine ointment relieves itching and pain that always accompany hemorrhoids.

Heparin ointment is introduced into the anus with a swab soaked in it How to use sanitary pad - basic precautions   once a day. Topically to the skin of the anus impose linen or calico cloth superimposed on her heparin ointment.

Heparin ointment is usually well tolerated and does not produce any side effects, except for allergies.

Heparin is contraindicated in ointment appearance of necrosis or ulceration in hemorrhoids, disorders of blood clotting (including, if the blood contains low platelet counts) and increased sensitivity to the components included in an ointment.

Heparin ointment, like all treatments for hemorrhoids, to be appointed by the proctologist.

Galina Romanenko