The human brain begins to form even during fetal development, but especially this happens in the first year of life. On how well this process takes it depends on how solid is a person how well will form all the functions of his body. And so it was on the right path, parents should make every effort to help the little man in the future to become a full-fledged personality.

A look from the inside

Formation of the brain begins in the womb - in this period is the development of cells, the number of which at the time of birth is about 100 billion. Nerve cells in the brain at this time are not linked - they are separate, and the links between them are actively formed after birth. The largest number of connections is formed in the first three years of life. During the life of bonds can be broken. In order to be strong, you need to surround the birth of the baby care, love and care, which are essential for the full development of the individual.

Laying the foundations

Utero, infancy, childhood, adolescence - all this stage, when the brain continues to take shape, and each stage is held in a special way, requires certain conditions.

Experts say that the most important human rights are for a few months after birth, and if at that time not to comply with certain rules, in the future the child will have serious problems.

The main periods of infancy

Usually distinguished two periods - the sensitive and critical to the value of the first priority.

In the first two months of life it is important to him to have formed visual function. If sufficient visual impact on nerve cells are not made, they can not develop a proper degree, why the problem persists for a lifetime.

Sensitive period lasts much longer: it starts at about six months and lasts about two years. At this time, the baby begins to recognize faces, respond to the friendly people he knew and strangers wary. During this period, the child is strongly tied to the mother, who embodies for him to safety, and that is why mom is necessary on its part to show love and care to the baby feel secure.

Parents should know exactly what activities and at what age should begin to be guided in the development of the baby. Any delay must be alert, because the future is fraught with troubles for the mental and physical health.

The first year of life

In the first two months of life for your baby to sleep for a long time and show no apparent activity. Two months later, the baby starts to smile a lot, and even to laugh, trying to turn his head, and in the next couple of months trying to roll over. In four months, the child is already pretty confident flips trying to grab whatever is in the immediate vicinity. At nine months, he sits with support, crawling and walking, holding hands. And the first year of the baby is already quite confident walking and even running.

Of course, in the first year of child care is not limited to things such as diapering and feeding. Parents should as much as possible to participate more actively in the life of his child. Taking care of the baby from the mother, of course, must begin during pregnancy. During this period it is necessary to adhere to nutrition, rich in protein. Particular attention should be paid to the content of the menu omega-3, because it is important for the growth of brain cells and the formation of connections between them.

After giving birth, it is necessary to remember the importance of breast-feeding, because breast milk provides nutrition and protect the baby from infections forming his immune system The immune system - how it works? As well as positively influencing the development of the brain active.

And, of course, we must not forget that the baby needs a lot of attention, the manifestations of love and care, which is never too much.

Parents need to maintain visual contact with your child, play games, sing, read, engage in physical development. It is necessary to take care of appropriate toy safety, it is desirable to develop the functions and definitely pleasant to the touch. An important place is given to mimic the games that involve vocal games, the baby was able to simulate the emotions by matching facial expressions and voice response. Be sure to read the child did not understand the purpose of their material, and to improve listening skills, recognition voice tone fluctuations, emotions Emotions and culture: how to decipher the emotional code . To stimulate the visual function is to train, showing the child a different color, it is possible to do both at home and on the walk.

During this period, you can not leave a baby - it is necessary to have it in wakefulness felt in society. Only then the baby can develop to the full all the skills for the further successful communication. But society must bear it for him useful only positive emotions. In the presence of the baby is necessary to communicate a soft tone, not too loud, to eliminate all the annoying noises. Parents must submit your behavior positive example for a child who is very responsive feel everything that happens around and like a sponge soaks up emotions both positive and negative.

When the child grows up in an atmosphere of love, warmth and well-being, he paid much attention to taking it as a full-fledged member of society to its needs, its development goes according to plan, and in the future, the baby will not have problems with adaptation in society, and his mental and physical possible to achieve a good level.

Some children drop out of sucking her thumb on the second or third year of life, others continue to do so in eight years, and some - even at an older age. Most experts agree that five years is not much pressure on the child, so he gave up the habit. Most children at this age throws habit of thumb sucking on their own without being reminded by the elders.

Thumb sucking - normal and even beneficial effects for young children: it soothes and entertains. More than three-quarters of children suck the finger in the first year of life. They usually resort to this when bored, tired or upset. Often you can see how the child sucks his thumb at the same time and pulls the blanket, twirling a strand of hair behind her ear and holds - all this for a completely functional.

It is not a sign that the child has serious emotional problems, or that he will be sucking her thumb, as undergrowth.

Reaching the age of ruthless

As the achievement of preschool age children thumb sucking ranks begin to thin out. However, about one in five children in this age continues to suck his thumb after his fifth birthday. This ruthless age when children begin to tease each other. Parents are starting to worry that the habit of thumb sucking can cause a child's communication problems. Already in kindergarten, you can watch as the kids do not want to play, and even to sit next to a child who sucks his thumb.

The habit of thumb sucking can also cause dental problems. If the child continues to suck his thumb, after five years, when they begin to grow permanent teeth, he may develop a malocclusion Malocclusion: fix is ​​never too late . The consequence of this are often the defects that may also cause difficulties in communication and in the future psychological problems.

Prolonged thumb sucking habit sometimes causes the appearance of calluses, cracks in the skin and development of an infection under fingernails. Because of the pain the children often begin to suck your fingers more often.

Supports

If the child did not stop sucking her thumb for 5-6 years, parents time to think about what to do with it. Before proceeding to the exhortations and other measures, is necessary to understand how deeply ingrained habit. How often a child sucks his thumb, and in whose presence? If he makes it just before going to bed Dreams: how to understand our dreams   or when a close family member, the problem is less serious than if it occurs in the kindergarten and in other places where it can be seen by outsiders.

Attempts to persuade a child to give up the habit may meet resistance if it will not have the support and patient management. Do not ridicule the child and did not threaten him, and did not pull his finger out of his mouth yourself. These actions will lead to confrontation, and the child may not want to do what you say just because aggressive action almost always causes a reaction.

Simple treatment plan

Give up the habit will be much easier if the child will do it voluntarily. Many parents succeed by using a simple approach is to include the child in the process.

First, enter a one-month moratorium on the discussion of this problem. If before you every day active (or even aggressive) tried to convince the child to stop sucking her thumb, for a month, during which it will not even be referred to the resistance fades. Then buy a large piece of paper, stickers, and make a "table of progress." Give a prize for every week that the baby will not suck his thumb, and larger prize - if it will last for a month. Let the child takes an active part in the whole process, including the development of regulations. For example, decide together how many "failures" may be for one week, to keep the chances of receiving a prize. Let your child chooses the color of the stickers and glue them to the table.

It may be useful to anoint a fingernail (not your finger) special bitter means, as an additional reminder that the child should not suck his thumb; especially recommended to smear the nail on the night, as in a dream controlled by very little action. However, do it only the child's consent, after explaining to him the appointment of a bitter agent. You can also use perfume - it leaves a bitter taste on the nail, but it is perfectly safe. Encourage your child to choose what perfume you will use for this purpose.

In the majority of cases to overcome the habit of thumb sucking manner it takes six weeks to several months.

Dentists can also help

All the time a child is struggling with a habit, you must support it and praise. Play together in a new game, go to an interesting place, often hug the child. He finds employment in situations where the likelihood of a return to the habit, especially high - for example, when a child is watching TV, or when you are traveling together in the car. Thus, he can watch TV at the same time building something out of blocks, and in the car - a book full of pictures.

If these methods do not help, do not worry.

Talk with your dentist - he may recommend a special device that is placed in the mouth and do not give the child suck his thumb.

If even that does not help, it is necessary to consider the likelihood that thumb sucking your child is a sign of deeper problems. In this case you should consult a specialist in mental disorders.