Sometimes a woman needs emergency prevention of pregnancy. But because emergency contraception called the emergency, it can be done only when absolutely necessary, but not used as a permanent way of preventing pregnancy - it can cause a number of significant functional changes in a woman's body.

In some cases, require emergency contraception and how to conduct

Emergency contraception is carried after unprotected sex or when they were violated basic rules of (planned) contraception. This situation can occur if the condom broke, the diaphragm is not fully dissolved in the vagina spermicides (eg, tablet), it was broken pattern of use of combined hormonal contraceptives. Of particular importance is emergency contraception in cases of rape, but it does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.

There are several methods of emergency contraception. Unfortunately, not all of them are equally effective.

Hormonal methods of emergency contraception

Hormonal methods of emergency contraception is the use of pills containing high doses of progestogen - synthetic analogues of progesterone (Postinor eskapel) and the application of the special scheme of combined oral contraceptives.

Postinor and eskapel - it is almost identical preparations with different dosage of the main active ingredient - levonorgestrel. Depending on the dose used, one or two tablets, which dramatically inhibit the secretion of female hormones estrogen, oocyte maturation and its exit from the ovary. Furthermore, under the action of these drugs endometrium is changed so that its introduction into the embryo becomes impossible. If the pills are taken in time (in the first 72 hours after unprotected sex), the high efficiency of the method.

The use of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception is held under the supervision of a physician according to a special Yuzpe regimen. Warned oocyte maturation and ovulation. When used properly, it is also an effective way.

Non-hormonal methods of emergency contraception

There are also non-hormonal methods of emergency contraception, for example, the use of mifepristone - a drug that is not a hormone but inhibits the action of progesterone. These drugs are mifegin, ginepriston, zhenale. And since it is progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology   induces ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? Be warned and conception. Mifepristone for emergency contraception is used only under medical supervision.

Another method of emergency contraception nonhormonal Non-hormonal contraception - should consult a doctor   is the introduction of an intrauterine device no later than three days after unprotected sex. The mechanism of action of IUD based on the fact that its constituent copper released into the environment of the uterus and makes it unsuitable for the egg of life. Simultaneously in the uterine wall there is an inflammatory process induced by an infection, and the mechanical stimulation, which also reduces the possibility of growth and development of the oocyte.

This is quite an effective method of contraception, including emergency. But it can be used only if a woman requires not only the job, but also a long (more than five years) protection against pregnancy.

If after a while the woman is planning a pregnancy, after the removal of the spiral fertility in most cases restored almost immediately.

However, in a spiral and it has negative characteristics. Thus, continuous inflammation of the uterine cavity may predispose to introduce infection. Furthermore, IUD may cause menstrual disorder painful with copious bleeding, which in turn may lead to the development of iron deficiency anemia. After removal of the helix increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, a woman who was set IUD should semiannually necessarily be seen by your doctor.

Installing the IUD is not desirable to women who have not given birth, it also does not prevent sexually transmitted infections.

Traditional methods

There are many popular ways for emergency contraception, but none of them has a high degree of reliability. Apply different douching, hot tubs, stay in the bath Sauna and health: the benefits and harms of bath procedures Jumping, heavy physical exertion. But it is unable to prevent the process of conception.

The most effective emergency contraception is one that is carried out as intended and under the supervision of a physician.

Galina Romanenko

Modern low-dose hormonal contraceptive in the absence of contraindications recommended to take, since adolescence (after the establishment of the menstrual cycle) and before menopause, since they have not only contraception but also treatment and preventive effect.

The general opinion of doctors

Obstetricians have a positive attitude to all low-dose hormonal contraceptives pharmaceutical company Schering, including the Jarinje. Yasmin - a monophasic low-dose hormonal contraceptive with antimineralokortikosteroidnym (remove overt and covert edema) and antiandrogenic (inhibits the action of male sex hormones) action.

The drug is given not only to prevent unwanted pregnancy, but also for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. With Yarin treat dysmenorrhea Dysmenorrhea - the basis of infertility   and pain during ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   (decrease menstrual and ovulatory pain, irritability Irritability - you try to control my temper   and other unpleasant symptoms), hirsutism (body hair in women male pattern), menstrual irregularities associated with large blood loss and iron deficiency anemia (menstrual bleeding becomes lighter and shorter), endometriosis, polycystic ovaries, acne and very oily skin Oily facial skin - a problem both sexes   adolescents, swelling of the monthly background.

Today, it is believed that Yasmin reduces the risk of atherosclerosis, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer, benign tumors of the breast and mastitis, ectopic pregnancy, inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, osteoporosis (loss of bone density tkni that occurs during menopause and menopause). The widespread use of low-dose oral contraceptives in Europe and the United States has resulted in a significant reduction in these diseases.

Yarin negative properties are its possible side effects, which occur mainly at the unsurveyed before starting hormonal contraception for women. This, above all, thrombosis, which upon receipt of Yasmin are rare, however, are the very serious complication. There are side effects from the liver - as they arise mainly in unscreened women.

In addition, there was as yet no reliable studies confirmed the view that low-dose hormonal contraceptives may increase risk of breast cancer and cervical cancer.

In this case, you need to see a doctor who will decide whether to apply Yarin on, or its reception is contraindicated. But in most cases the evaluation of any intermenstrual bleeding may be held no earlier than three months.

Reviewed by Professor VN Prilenskoye - an obstetrician-gynecologist, Chairman of the Russian Society of Contraception

In our country, only 10% of women using contraceptives as hormonal contraceptives (HA), whereas in Europe and the United States more than half of them. Widespread use of HA significantly lower in these countries, the incidence of cancer of the genitals. Yasmin is one such drug, which is great-proven long-term use (several years).

Today, the WHO (World Health Organization) recommends to start taking GC, three months after the beginning of the first menstrual period (menarche) and take them before menopause and in the year after its occurrence. Yarina can be administered over a long period of time examined women who have no contraindications for its reception. This is very important since it is the presence of various diseases is the cause of side effects Yarin. That is why the WHO recommends taking Yasmin, like the rest of the Civil Code, only for its intended purpose and under medical supervision.

VN Prilenskaya recommends that before you decide to start receiving HA and refer the matter to the doctor, ask yourself some questions:

• Do I have a healthy heart;
• if I had high blood pressure;
• whether I still have any problems with blood circulation (eg varicose veins);
• whether I have diabetes;
• I do not smoke I smoke or not more than 10 cigarettes a day (if I smoke, I do not more than 35 years);
• if I had liver disease;
• Do I have normal blood clotting.

If a woman fit all these items, it can seek medical advice to appoint her to the Civil Code. At the same time, of course, better if it is low-dose GC, such as Yasmin, which produces reliable German pharmaceutical company Schering.

Galina Romanenko