What is dermatitis, its causes and types

Dermatitis - this is inflammation of the skin that comes in direct contact of the skin with a particular stimulus. The stimuli can be physical (mechanical, high and low temperature, electric current, solar radiation, ionizing radiation) and chemical (any chemicals, including medicines and herbal substance).

Dermatitis can be simple and allergic. Simple dermatitis causes an inflammatory response in any person and occurs immediately after contact with the skin irritant. Atopic dermatitis occurs only in people with high sensitivity to the effects of these factors. This occurs through one or more weeks after re-exposure (the time necessary for the development of sensitization - increased sensitivity to this factor).

How does dermatitis on the face

Any dermatitis manifests itself, depending on the extent of damage in three stages:

• the appearance of redness and swelling, which are accompanied by burning and itching (erythematous stage);
• reddened edematous appearance on the surface of bubbles, to dry in the crust, followed by peeling (bullous stage);
• tissue death, scabbing, and then in its place the scar (scar).

Depending on the strength of the impact of the stimulus inflammation can stop at any stage. Atopic dermatitis is manifested in the form of small bubbles on the surface of the inflamed tissue, dries to form a thin crusts.

Dermatitis on the face of the plant

On the face of plant dermatitis occurs frequently from exposure to the skin substance contained therein, as well as the simultaneous effects of physical factors - sunlight, wind. The chemicals in these plants, such as nettles or acrid buttercup have the ability to cause skin irritation in all people (simple dermatitis). There are also plants that can cause allergic reactions. These include, for example, indoor plants such as primrose and geranium. Some plant chemicals (in the sedge, parsnip, wild mountain ash, yarrow) are photosensitizers causing fotofitodermatity - cause dermatitis when exposed to sunlight.

The most common allergic dermatitis on the face arises from contact with a potted plant primrose. Skin manifestations appear, usually some time after contact with the plant and proceed with severe itching and burning. The resulting scratches lead to falling into the damaged skin bacterial infection and the development of festering.

Dermatitis from houseplant Primrose usually occurs in spring and summer. The plant contains the allergen primroses in her hairs located on the stems and leaves, and is able to retain its properties even after drying plant. Dermatitis develops in sensitized individuals (they have already had contact with primrose) after a certain time - usually a few hours or even days after contact with the plant. When you touch the face of the plant affected skin of the face, but if the flowers were kept in the mouth on the oral mucosa appears stomatitis Stomatitis - to breath fresh .

On the face appears portion swelling and redness, and then on the surface there are bubbles with clear content. The person feels a strong itching and burning. Sometimes there are the general reaction of the body in the form of malaise, headache Headache: Causes and Complications , Redness of the eye Red eyes - an occasion consult an ophthalmologist , Watery eyes. Individual intolerance primrose preserved very long and repeated contact with it gives generally more severe allergic reaction.

Treatment of dermatitis on the face

Treatment of dermatitis on the face depends on the cause. Simple dermatitis treated with the cessation of contact with substance, cause dermatitis and use of local anti-inflammatory drugs. If a strong itch apply corticosteroid ointment, weeping - and wet mash-drying bandage. If the surface of the skin there are large bubbles, they are opened and lubricates the surface of green paint.

In allergic dermatitis Dermatitis - what to do with the inflamed skin? First of all, establish the reason for calling it, eliminate it, and warn the patient that in the future it in any case should not come in contact with this substance. Appointed by drugs that suppress allergy. Local treatment is carried out in the same manner as in the simple dermatitis.

Galina Romanenko

Causes

Trophic ulcer - a defect of the skin or mucosa, occurring after the rejection of necrotic tissue due to violation of its blood supply and innervation. These ulcers have a long course with constant relapses, they are difficult to treat.

Most venous ulcers are a complication of acquired or congenital diseases, damage to blood vessels, nerves, soft tissues and bones. Causes of venous ulcers are venous insufficiency (eg, thrombophlebitis on the background of varicose veins), a sharp narrowing of the arteries (eg due to atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, etc.), Violation of lymphatic drainage (elephantiasis), violation of the innervation of tissues ( trauma, certain diseases), on the background of chronic skin diseases (such as eczema), injuries (burns, frostbite).

The investigation of venous insufficiency

Sores that occur on the background of varicose veins Varicose veins - the operation is inevitable?   and thrombosis (blockage and inflammation of the veins) are the most common type of venous ulcers. There are such ulcers usually on the inner and outer surface of the lower third of the leg. At the same time due to the stagnation of venous blood is disturbed nutrition of the tissue, there is its destruction with the formation of ulcers, later joined by the infection.

The first signs of the disease are swelling of the lower leg, heaviness and cramps in the calf muscles, itching, burning and the heat on the surface of the skin. Condition improving, unless of course give an elevated position. This skin can be seen meandering network of thin veins, spots of blue-purple, the skin thickens, becomes painful, hard, shiny and inactive. It violated the outflow of lymph (lymph begins to seep through the skin in the form of droplets of dew). After that gradually comes death of tissue and the ulcer is formed. Discharge trophic ulcers can be bloody or purulent (if the infection is now).

The investigation artery disease

Sores may appear on the background of diseases such as atherosclerosis, arterial occlusive disease, hypertension due to the persistent narrowing of the arteries and chronic underfunding of the tissues of nutrients and oxygen. All this leads to disintegration of cells and necrosis of tissue and the formation of ulcers. The immediate cause (starting torque) may be hypothermia, various injuries wearing compressive leg shoes and so on

These ulcers are usually formed in the heel, on the foot and big toe. They are small, with thick rough edges. These ulcers are very painful, as the constantly injured while walking. Unlike ulcers in venous insufficiency Venous insufficiency - rapidly Youthful disease   pain persists after giving leg elevated position.

The typical form of sores are caused against the background of essential hypertension. They are located generally symmetrically on both sides of the front or rear, the outer surfaces of the leg and have high morbidity.

In diabetes

The cause of ulcers in diabetes is an inflammation of the walls of the small blood vessels, causing the metabolism Improves metabolism and losing weight without dieting   and decomposition of tissue. These ulcers are usually located at the ends of the toes, their peculiarity is that they are not very painful, since diabetes is usually disturbed innervation.

Diagnosis

Since the treatment of trophic ulcer depends on its causes, this cause can be established using a number of studies. Particular attention is paid to the state of the veins, arteries, lymphatic vessels and bones of the patient limb, the wire rheovasography (pulse volume method for studying the functional state of organs and peripheral vascular disease), ultrasound and X-ray examination of the blood vessels.

Treatment of venous ulcers

For the treatment of venous ulcers apply conservative and operative methods. First of all, about treatment of the underlying disease, cause complications in the form of a trophic ulcer - are treated by venous insufficiency, arterial disease, diabetes Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease .

Simultaneously, the treatment of ulcers. The patient is attached to the limbs elevated position, for the rejection of necrotic tissue and wound cleansing are used enzymes that dissolve them. Once the plague purified, ointments, promotes healing (e.g., Solcoseryl, aktovegin). Improved blood flow is achieved through special preparations - vazoprotektorov. Appointed as various physiotherapy.

Surgical treatment of venous ulcers more effectively, as during surgery is usually eliminated cause of the trophic ulcer. When venous insufficiency removed impassable sections extended veins, obstruction of the arteries bypass grafting is performed (the creation of new communications between vessels).

Trophic ulcer will not occur by itself, out of nowhere, she must be a reason, and that should be found first.