Thrush in infants

Thrush - a fungal disease that provoke yeast Candida fungal microorganisms (Candida albicans). Thrush in infants often occurs in the mouth.

Causes of yeast infection in babies

Regardless of age key reason thrush Causes of yeast: what should be afraid of   - This uncontrolled multiplication of fungal microorganisms. Because the immune system of babies is still not strong enough to control the proliferation of fungal colonies on their own, young children often suffer from the symptoms of yeast infection. Weakened immune system can cause thrush in adults.

In some cases, provoke thrush in infants may be an extended course of treatment - for example, the use of antibiotics or corticosteroids, used, for example, for the treatment of asthma.

Symptoms of thrush in infants

The main type of thrush in infants - a thrush of the oral cavity, the most common symptom of which - characteristic white appearance of lesions on the oral mucosa. Notice thrush in infants is more difficult than to diagnose the disease in adults, as the characteristic rash thrush easily confused with traces of milk or baby food. However, do not try to wipe the white spots on the mucous - rash thrush at any friction become red, inflamed, and may bleed. When thrush in babies often become moody child refuses to eat.

Treatment for thrush in infants

Thrush in infants is considered a disease not dangerous and is easily treatable with antifungal drugs. One of the main drugs of thrush - nystatin Nystatin - help with candidiasis   in the form of a cream or ointment, which is applied directly to the affected skin.

In the treatment of thrush Treating Thrush: how to get rid of bad fungus   in infants must be especially careful to follow the rules of hygiene. Bottles and nipples for feeding should be regularly washed with hot water and breastfeeding Breast-feeding: feed - and no nails!   - Wipe the nipples and the skin around the nipples antifungal medication (such as nystatin) as thrush can be passed from a nursing mother to child and back.

As produced by the female sex hormones

Female sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone) produced in the ovaries under the influence of hormones that are released in the main endocrine glands - the pituitary gland located in the brain. The pituitary gland releases follicle-stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing (LH) hormones, which are in different phases of the menstrual cycle, providing in the first half of the cycle precedence production of estrogen and the growth of follicles in the ovaries (FSH), and in the second half - progesterone and ovulation (LH).

The pituitary gland, in turn, is influenced by the area of ​​the brain responsible for the activities of the entire endocrine system - the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the production of FSH and LH. GnRH secretion is not constant, and at regular intervals, different in men and women. The introduction of synthetic long-acting GnRH analogues initially causes increased production of FSH and LH, and then a sharp decline in their production, which in turn leads to a reduction of estrogen and progesterone. If administered GnRH in a rhythm corresponding to the natural, it provides strong stimulation of sexual hormones.

Female sex hormones are produced in the male (in the testicles), providing the production and maturation of sperm. Additional chronic administration of GnRH in men suppresses the production of both female and male (testosterone) hormones.

The mechanism of action of buserelin

Buserelin - a synthetic analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is used in the treatment of hormone-dependent tumors. By acting on the pituitary gland, buserelin causes a transient increase in the level of sex hormones in the blood. After two weeks of continuous use occurs persistent suppression of FSH and LH, which leads to suppression of the production of sex hormones.

As a result, women sharply decreases blood levels of the main estrogen Estrogen - the key to bone health   estradioda (the number of its women of childbearing age becomes the same as in menopause) and men - blood levels of testosterone (the amount corresponds to the state after castration, that is actually happening pharmacological castration).

When hormone dependent tumors (breast cancer, prostate cancer and others.) Sex hormones stimulate the growth of tumors, thus requiring suppression of their generation.

Buserelin is discharged in droplet form and metered nasal sprays, suspensions for intramuscular injection of long-acting injectable solution.

Indications and contraindications for use

The indication for the use of buserelin is the presence of hormone-dependent diseases:

• prostate cancer;
• breast cancer;
• endometriosis (the state before and after surgery);
• uterine fibroids;
• endometrial hyperplasia (overgrowth of the mucous membrane of the uterus).

In addition, buserelin is used to treat infertility: in vitro fertilization require complete suppression of its own hormonal activity of women in order to artificially create a managed process of oocyte maturation.

Contraindications buserelina are hypersensitivity to the drug, condition after surgical removal of the testicles in males, pregnancy, breast-feeding Breastfeeding - a personal choice   feeding (inhibits the production of hormones necessary for development of pregnancy and development of breast milk), violation of patency of the urinary tract, metastases in the spine, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease , Depression (persistent depressed mood).

Side effects

When using buserelin may experience the following side effects:

• the central nervous system: depression of mood (depression), which can often be replaced by agitation, sleep disturbances, headache;
• on the part of the endocrine system: decreased sexual desire, "tides" of the type of menopause, sweating, vaginal dryness Vaginal dryness: Causes and Symptoms Loss of bone calcium (osteoporosis phenomenon); during the first weeks of treatment may occur menstrualnopodobnye bleeding;
• an allergic reaction: hives, rash, redness and itching of the skin, angioedema;
• patients who use contact lenses may be signs of conjunctivitis; when using nasal drops and nasal spray can irritate the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity.

Buserelin - a drug that can not be used independently, only by a physician taking into account all the indications and contraindications.