Dysentery - a violation of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by inflammation of the intestine, primarily the colon. The World Health Organization proposes to refer to any episode of dysentery diarrhea, a symptom of which is the presence of blood in the stool.

Dysentery

The most common symptoms of dysentery are:

• Abdominal distention
• Abdominal pain
• The presence of blood in the stool
• Flatulence
• Nausea and sometimes vomiting
• In dysentery there are other symptoms, predominantly associated with dehydration:
• Reducing the amount of urine
• Dryness of the skin and mucous membranes (for example, dry mouth)
• Extreme thirst
• Fever
• Muscle spasms
• Muscular weakness
• Weight loss

In rare cases (in Western countries, it is much rarer than in the developing countries) associated with dysentery, dehydration can cause a life-threatening condition.

Its symptoms are:

• Changes in the level of consciousness; agitation or lack of response to external stimuli
• Changes in mental status, such as a sudden change in behavior, delirium, lethargy, hallucinations
• High body temperature (39C or higher)
• Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
• Severe abdominal pain
• Dizziness

When these symptoms should seek immediate medical help.

Causes

Dysentery is transmitted to humans through contaminated food and water. Some agents of dysentery can be transmitted to humans from animals. Getting in the human body, bacteria begin to multiply in the gut.

The most common causative agents of dysentery is Shigella bacteria, E. coli, Salmonella and Campylobacter.

Most often dysentery develops in poor sanitary conditions. For example, in child care in developing countries high incidence of dysentery, caused by a Shigella. Amoebic dysentery, caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica, is found in tropical regions with high population density and poor sanitation. In most cases, dysentery can be treated with antibiotics and antiparasitic agents.

Risk factors

• Close contact with an infected person yl animals
• Drinking untreated water - in particular, from open water
• Oral contact with feces
• Trip to the region, where widespread dysentery
• Visit the public pools

To reduce the risk of contracting dysentery, swimming in the pool, avoid getting water in your mouth and respiratory tract; during hikes and trips to developing countries, drink only bottled water. While in developing countries, use for cleaning teeth only purified water and thoroughly wash the food before eating.

Wash your hands with soap and water before every meal and after contact with sick people and dysentery with animals (including health), after touching raw meat, changing a diaper and using the toilet.

Treatment

When symptoms of dysentery should seek medical advice. In most cases for the treatment of dysentery, antibiotics are prescribed. Exactly follow the recommendations that the doctor has given you. If the symptoms will pass before the end of treatment, continue to take medication as needed. This will allow you to avoid the recurrence of dysentery.

For the treatment of dysentery, caused by bacteria, antibiotics are commonly used the following: ceftriaxone (Rocephin), ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin - action time-tested   (Cipro), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra). Amoebic dysentery most often treated by means of antiparasitic medication metronidazole Metronidazole - what is it?   (Flagyl).

In addition, patients with dysentery is recommended to drink as much as possible (preference should be given water and juices) and comply with bed rest.

If not properly treated, including non-compliance with the requirements of the physician, the patient may develop complications such dysentery as abscess Abscess - why it is so dangerous ulcers?   liver, post-infectious arthritis Arthritis - a variety of forms and complications   and further spread of infection in the body.

Augmentin is an antibiotic Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future?   broad-spectrum, so its use must be strictly on the testimony, otherwise avoid complications such as goiter Dysbacteriosis - what brings self   - Augmentin kills not only pathogens but also useful intestinal microflora, which is why any digestive disorders (dysbiosis sign) and in the intestinal wall may begin inflammation (colitis).

Application augmentin for treating diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and otolaryngology

Augmentin is used to treat acute respiratory diseases and upper respiratory tract, usually without waiting for the results of the study on the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics, as in this case, it is impossible to wait a few days. The decision to appoint a doctor takes an antibiotic.

Augmentin it is often the drug of choice, because it has a broad spectrum of action and resistance in relation to various infectious agents. Augmentin has a combined structure: semisynthetic penicillin, amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic effective, but has the disadvantage (like all drugs penicillin) - inactivated by enzymes that produce certain types of pathogens. These enzymes are called pnitsillinazami or beta-lactamases, and for the suppression of their actions in the present augmentin clavulanic acid. Therefore Augmentin has a broader spectrum of activity than the penicillins and can be used in a variety of diseases caused by bacterial infection.

Augmentin produced in the form of tablets or suspensions for oral administration, as well as a solution for intravenous injections and infusions. When minor illnesses of upper respiratory tract the drug is prescribed inside, with severe respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and pleurisy (they are treated only in a hospital), - in the form of parenteral administration.

In the treatment of exacerbations of chronic diseases of the lungs and respiratory tract is usually first detected infectious agent and its sensitivity to antibiotics, and then appointed Augmentin (certainly if it is active against the infectious agent).

Application augmentin for the treatment of diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract

Augmentin is no less effective with respect to the bacterial pathogens that cause inflammation of the kidneys and urinary tract. Apply this medication in different dosage forms (depending on the severity of the disease), acute pyelonephritis and cystitis and acute exacerbations of chronic diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.

If renal impairment Augmentin administered with caution and in a specially selected dose, which is usually less than the recommended in the instructions.

Application augmentin for treating diseases of the genital organs

Augmentin is often prescribed for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of male and female sexual organs. In gynecological practice, it is prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory processes in the uterus and its appendages, which are often complications of abortion, obstructed labor or sexual infections Genital infections - which are the most dangerous? . Augmentin is used for the treatment of inflammatory processes of the external genitalia in women.

Urologists prescribe Augmentin for treating inflammatory processes in the prostate gland, which may result as nedolechennaya genital infections, and blood circulation disorders in the art.

When genital infections of bacterial origin (for example, gonorrhea) in men and women also applies Augmentin and often the drug of choice.

The use of augmentin in the septic diseases of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, bones and joints

Purulent septic diseases of the skin not uncommon, especially frequently these diseases develop and constantly recur with decreasing immunity Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults . Manifest diseases such as boils, carbuncles appeared on the skin, abscesses and abscesses. In all these cases the treatment is applied Augmentin, but after pre-sowing pus in the culture medium for the detection of the infectious agent and its sensitivity to antibiotics.

In diseases purulent-inflammatory joints (acute and chronic arthritis) and bones (osteomyelitis) Augmentin is usually used as an intravenous injection (slow injection in a syringe) or infusion (intravenous drip).

Augmentin is used as before surgery and after to prevent possible infectious and inflammatory complications.

Augmentin - an effective antibiotic that can be administered only by a physician.

Galina Romanenko