Bacterial conjunctivitis - quite frequent disease, the treatment of which are widely and successfully used antibiotics topical. At the same time, viral conjunctivitis cure with antibiotics is not possible. That's why conjunctivitis should be treated by the doctor.

How could I get bacterial conjunctivitis

conjunctivitis - an inflammation of the conjunctiva or mucous membrane covering the inner surface of the eyelids and the eyeball. Bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by various pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, many of whom live permanently on the conjunctiva of the eye. The conjunctiva is a healthy person has a significant local immunity and is an insurmountable barrier to getting infections inside the eye. Therefore, the disease often begins with a small eye injury, such as a speck of dust gets into the eye. Trauma is a gateway to penetrate deep into the conjunctival infection.

But more often sick with bacterial conjunctivitis can be in direct contact with the patient or the subjects which he touched. Outbreaks of bacterial conjunctivitis periodically occur in groups of children, the disease spreads very quickly and perebolevayut them almost all children.

Of bacterial conjunctivitis today often are different types of Staphylococcus, mainly Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, bacterial conjunctivitis can cause microorganisms such as pneumococci, Proteus, E. coli, streptococcus, chlamydia Chlamydia: insidious and widespread disease   and other.

In hot countries, frequent outbreaks of acute epidemic conjunctivitis Koch - Weeks (called homonymous stick). Blefarokonyunktivit Moraksa-Aksenfeld called a type moraksell belonging to the pathogenic microflora is constantly dwelling on the human conjunctiva. Finally, a hundred years ago it was a disaster ophthalmia - blefarokonyunktivit caused by gonococci, which leads to blindness.

Today bacterial conjunctivitis successfully treated with antibacterial drugs, so do not pose a serious threat, despite its widespread among the population.

Symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis

Bacterial conjunctivitis usually begins after one-two days after infection. One eye is affected at first, but after a few hours or days - the second. The most characteristic symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis are tearing and photophobia. It appears moderate redness and swelling Prevention and treatment of edema - it is important to understand the root cause   conjunctiva decreases from the periphery to the center. On the conjunctiva can appear petechial hemorrhages, as well as yellow-gray film is easy to remove with a cotton swab. The character may be slimy discharge, muco-purulent and purulent. Disease lasts 1-2 weeks.

Sometimes, in the pathological process involved and the cornea. It formed small infiltrates, which are then transformed into the erosion, but as a rule, does not leave behind scars on the cornea, and do not affect the vision. But sometimes the cornea can still be scars. The most common complication is associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and microtraumas conjunctiva (eg, contact lenses).

Bacterial conjunctivitis in children

Bacterial conjunctivitis in children and can often take on the nature of epidemic outbreaks in children's groups. In children, the disease is predominantly a film character: the conjunctiva covers grayish film is easy to remove with a cotton swab How to use sanitary pad - basic precautions .

A feature of bacterial conjunctivitis in children is the formation of transient conjunctival folds small follicles - growths of lymphoid tissue. Sometimes these follicles is found in children on the tonsils and back of the throat. They disappear, usually on their own.

Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis

Before the appointment of treatment, the doctor takes a conjunctival discharge to the study. Smears examined under a microscope - it gives a preliminary overview of the composition of the microflora of the conjunctiva. Bacteriological examination shall also discharge of the conjunctiva: it is placed on a nutrient medium, grown colonies of bacteria, identify them and tested for sensitivity to antibiotics Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future? .

Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis in adults begins with eyewash disinfectants. It may be slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate (1: 5000) and 2% boric acid solution or a solution furatsilina (1: 5000). The most effective antibacterial agents for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis are now considered fluoroquinolones, for example, 0, 3% solution (eye drops), and 0, 3% ophthalmic ointment with ofloxacin.

Respond well to therapy and bacterial conjunctivitis in children, the treatment is also carried out locally. Assign antibacterial drops, for example, 15% sulfacetamide 5-6 times a day, boric zinc drops 2-4 times daily, 0, 25% solution of chloramphenicol 4-5 times a day and so forth. Fluoroquinolones are not prescribed for children.

Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis are best left to the doctor.

Galina Romanenko

Congenital glaucoma can be inherited, or develop as a result of any effects on the fetus during pregnancy. Congenital glaucoma was known in ancient times as a disease with a congenital eye and the subsequent increase in irreversible blindness.

Causes of congenital glaucoma

The main sign of congenital glaucoma is increased intraocular pressure due to improper development of the aqueous humor outflow pathways. The disease is rare, but it often results in complete blindness child. In congenital glaucoma usually affects both eyes (three-quarters of all sick children), the boys get sick more often girls.

The disease can also be a consequence of various factors on the fetus in utero. Such factors include infection (German measles Rubella - it is better to be vaccinated   and other viral infections), toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis: pregnant women against cats , Neuroendocrine disorders, metabolic disorders (for example, against the background of a lack of vitamins), ionizing radiation, smoking, alcohol abuse, drugs and others.

How is congenital glaucoma

Congenital glaucoma is primary formed in different ways, however, the different mechanisms of formation lead to the same result - a violation of the drainage system of the eye. And this in turn is the cause of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Education intraocular fluid begins in the seventh or eighth month of fetal development, at the wrong formation of the outflow tract of the fetus begins to increase intraocular pressure, which leads to an increase in the eyeball. The severity of the disease depends on the degree of violation of the outflow of intraocular fluid.

Congenital glaucoma Glaucoma - a perspective possible blindness   maybe:

• simple and accompanied gidroftalmom (dropsy of the eye) with the protrusion of the eyeball; It appears in the first year of life;
• stitched - the first manifestations of the disease develop at a later age (3-10 years);
• Juvenile (teenage) - the first signs develop in adolescence and young adulthood;
• combined with other abnormalities.

Signs

The earliest sign of the disease is increasing the size of the eyeball. These children at birth big beautiful eyes. With age increases the size of the cornea, pupils dilate and eye slit - eyes are bulging.

Visit an ophthalmologist identifies these children increase in the size of the cornea, the eye slits, pupil diameter, the expansion of the limb (the place of transition of the cornea into the sclera), an increase of anterior chamber depth (the distance between the cornea and iris) and corneal opacity. Changes in the form of atrophic processes occur in the iris, which leads to expanded and sluggish pupils react to light. The lens is of normal size, but flattened and elevated IOP is moved back, thinning ciliary ligaments that hold it, can rupture, leading to subluxation or dislocation Dislocation - Prevention and Treatment   lens, its turbidity (cataracts).

If there is no adequate treatment promptly appointed, the eyeball is rapidly increasing in size due to the growing increase in intraocular pressure and stretching its membranes. And since it has a constant pressure on the optic disc, quickly comes their complete atrophy and blindness. The stretching and thinning of the retina may result in detachment.

Treatment

Treatment of congenital glaucoma is mainly operational. Conservative treatment is carried out only in the course of preparation for surgery. To conduct such treatment is necessary as soon as possible (sometimes in the first days of life) - the only way to preserve visual function.

Prior to and after the operation is conducted conservative treatment, whose main purpose is to improve the circulation of metabolic processes in the body view.

The most important thing in congenital glaucoma - is its early detection and surgical correction of the outflow of intraocular fluid. If such an operation is not to spend time, the child may lose sight forever.

Galina Romanenko