Mucosolvan - is an effective drug that thins the mucus and facilitates its removal from the bronchi. It is used to treat various bronchopulmonary diseases in children and adults, which are accompanied by cough with viscous sputum difficult.

The mechanism of action Mucosolvan

Mucosolvan (INN - ambroksol) - a mucolytic (phlegm) and expectorant drug, which is manufactured by German pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH as a solution for oral and inhalation of 100 ml (1 ml solution contains 7, 5 mg ambroxol ), syrup (5 mL contain 15 mg of ambroxol) and tablets (one tablet contained 30 mg of ambroxol).

Other pharmaceutical companies ambroksol sold under the name ambrobene, ambrogeksal, ambroxol, ambrolan, Ambrosan, ambrosol, aflegan, bronhoksol, bronhorus, deflegmin, dignobroksol, medovent, Maddox, mukosolvan, neo-bronchodilator, Suprema, COF, Fervex, flavamed, haliksol.

The mechanism of action Mucosolvan based on the fact that its main active ingredient Ambroxol Bromhexine is a product of the collapse and has phlegm and otharkmvayuschim action. It helps to increase the content of bronchial mucous secretion, eliminate it from the bronchi. At the same time stimulates the secretion of enzymes, thinning mucus, it becomes more liquid and the stimulation of the motor activity of the cilia of bronchial epithelium is better expectoration.

Mucosolvan also increases the amount of light in particular, the surfactant - surfactant which facilitates unfolding of the alveoli and prevents them from sticking together.

Action Mucosolvan after taking him into coming in half an hour and lasts for 6-12 hours. Mucosolvan rapidly absorbed into the blood is distributed to the tissues, including the brain falls into and passes through the placenta. Thereafter, it is decomposed in the liver and excreted through the kidneys.

Indications and contraindications for appointment

Indications for use Mucosolvan are any infectious-inflammatory diseases of the broncho-pulmonary system, accompanied formation viscous sputum difficult. It can be acute or chronic bronchitis, pneumonia Pneumonia - Symptoms and Causes , Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD - a disease in which disturbed patency of the bronchi), bronchiectasis Bronchiectasis - when the work light under threat   (purulent-inflammatory disease with the formation of small ulcers in extended endings bronchi), bronchial asthma.

Admission Mucosolvan contraindicated in the first trimester (first 12 weeks) and in case of hypersensitivity to the drug. The caution is recommended to appoint Mucosolvan after 12 weeks of pregnancy, while feeding the baby Breastfeeding - a personal choice   feeding, as well as patients with severe liver and kidney diseases, which are accompanied by a violation of the functions of these bodies.

Not recommended Mucosolvan simultaneously with drugs that suppress the cough.

How to take

Mucosolvan applied orally and by inhalation.

Adults Mucosolvan administered in pill form one tablet three times a day, or two tablets twice a day after meals with water. Mucosolvan can be taken orally as a solution and 4 ml three times a day by dissolving it in any liquid (water, tea, juice, milk and so on). Adults can take Mucosolvan and syrup 10 ml (two teaspoons) three times a day and during the meal. Babies Mucosolvan administered in the form of a syrup or a solution in accordance with the age.

For inhalation Mucosolvan applied as a solution in the same dosage as for ingestion by mixing a solution with an equal volume of 0, 9% sodium chloride solution (saline) - it is necessary for humidifying the air in a respirator. Before the inhalation solution is recommended to warm slightly.

Side effects

Mucosolvan has few side effects and is generally well tolerated. But sometimes long-term treatment with high-dose still manifest side effects of the gastrointestinal tract in the form of stomach pains, heartburn, nausea and vomiting.

Occasionally occur and allergic reactions such as itching rash (including urticaria, edema occasionally passing into Prevention and treatment of edema - it is important to understand the root cause   Angioedema). Very rarely develops an anaphylactic shock.

Sometimes during inhalation with lasolvan patients with bronchial asthma respiratory irritation occurs. In order to avoid this, it is recommended to use the inhalation drugs that enhance the bronchi.

Mucosolvan - is an effective tool for the treatment of broncho-pulmonary diseases.

Galina Romanenko

Pneumonia - a group of infectious diseases of the lungs in which the alveoli in the (Education in the form of bubbles through the walls of which gas exchange occurs), fluid accumulates inflammatory. Depending on the conditions under which the disease occurred, all community-acquired pneumonia is divided into, nosocomial, and aspiration pneumonia in people with severely impaired immunity. Community-acquired pneumonia - one of the most common acute infectious diseases.

Reasons for community-acquired pneumonia

Community-acquired pneumonia - an inflammatory disease of the lungs that occurs outside the hospital (hospitals) or revealed in the first two days of hospitalization. This kind of pneumonia is also called a home or outpatient.

About half the community-acquired pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). Other most common causative agents of the disease are microorganisms that belong to an atypical (e.g., mycoplasma and legionella). Less outpatient pneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae.

There are several factors that protect the lower respiratory tract infection control. These include coughing and sneezing, branching bronchial fluctuations cilia of ciliated epithelium, the presence of the epiglottis (the cartilage that covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing). The immune system plays an important role in preventing infection of the lung tissue. Pneumonia develops when reduced efficiency or protective factors in light arrives too large number of bacteria, which the human body can not be destroyed.

There are the following mechanisms that lead to the emergence of community-acquired pneumonia:

• Aspiration (Inhalation) content of the oropharynx - the main way the penetration of microbes in the alveoli. Normally, in the oropharynx inhabit some microorganisms, such as pneumococci. During sleep Dreams: how to understand our dreams   these bacteria can penetrate into the lungs with the content of the oral cavity. In healthy people, special cells of the immune system, the cough reflex, and vibrations of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium ensure removal of germs from the lower respiratory tract. If you disturb the purification of the bronchi of the disease-causing agents, the latter cause inflammation;
• Breathing air that contains high amounts of microorganisms - a rare mechanism of development of this type of pneumonia;
• Contact with the bacteria into the lungs with blood from different foci of infection in the body (for example, when the tricuspid valve endocarditis);
• Penetration of infection from adjacent organs (e.g., it is possible with a liver abscess) or chest injuries.

Symptoms

Fractional (lobar) pneumonia always begins acutely. The body temperature rises to 39 ° C, there is a fever. Patients concerned about severe chest pain Chest pain is one symptom - a lot of diseases That increases with breathing. It occurs due to pleural - a thin membrane that covers the inner surface of the chest cavity and the lungs.

On the first day there is a dry cough, and later it becomes wet, with the separation of the mucous-purulent sputum. Around the third day of illness sputum becomes "rusty", it acquires a color due to its high content of erythrocytes.

It appears severe shortness of breath, a feeling of "stuffiness in the chest." Patients concerned about weakness, a significant decrease in performance, headache, muscle and joint pain. The appetite in the early days of the disease can be completely absent. Patients complain of sweating, which is especially pronounced at night and with little physical effort.

Focal pneumonia begins gradually, and often the disease develops after a viral infection. It appears malaise, weakness. First, the patient complains of a dry cough Dry cough - whether to worry about it?   or persistent cough, and then there is purulent-mucous expectoration. Body temperature is usually not higher than 38-38, is 5 ° C.

In severe cases of community-acquired pneumonia may be complicated by acute respiratory failure, pleurisy, lung abscess and gangrene, infectious-toxic shock. These conditions often occur in croupous (lobar) pneumonia.

Diagnostics

In order to make a diagnosis, the doctor evaluates the patient's complaints, conducts percussion (percussion) and auscultation (listening) of the lungs. It then assigns a number of additional laboratory and instrumental methods of examination.

X-rays - is the main method of diagnosis of pneumonia. On the X-ray images (as in direct and side view) see the center of an inflammation of the lung tissue. Computed tomography helps to establish the diagnosis of pneumonia in severe cases.

Changes in blood tests confirm the presence of inflammatory focus in the body. When a sputum, it is required to examine in order to determine the causative agent of pneumonia and to determine its sensitivity to various antibiotics.

Treatment

Treatment of patients with lobar pneumonia and pneumonia focal moderate or severe degree of severity should be carried out in a hospital. Patients with mild disease can be treated in the clinic. The patient must comply with bed rest during the whole period of fever.

The patient is recommended to drink a day to three liters of liquid: fruit juice, vitamin infusions (eg infusion of rose hips), water with lemon juice. The diet of the patient should include only those products that are easy to digest.

Antibiotic treatment - the basis of the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. These preparations should be appointed as soon as possible, even before identifying the causative agent. In severe pneumonia usually just prescribe some antibacterial agents. If the effect of any antibiotic Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future?   offline for three days, then select another drug. When community-acquired pneumonia is most often appointed by the following means:

• Penicillins (amoxicillin, ampioks);
• Cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, klaforan);
• Macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin);
• Fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin).

When a sputum, used drugs that liquefy it, and expectorants (acetylcysteine, bromhexine). Appointed vitamins and immunomodulators - drugs that improve the immune system. These include prodigiozan, timalin, levamisole. At high temperatures, the body used antipyretic drugs: aspirin or paracetamol. If a patient is concerned about the severe pain in the chest, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as Voltaren) will help to eliminate them.